ABSTRACT
AIM: This prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial investigated the impact of diclofenac potassium, prednisolone, and placebo as oral premedication on post-endodontic pain and pulpal interleukin (IL)-8 expression in patients with irreversible pulpitis. METHODS: Thirty-six patients undergoing conventional endodontic treatment were assigned into one of three groups (n= 12). Pulpal blood samples were taken after access cavity preparation and stored until they were analyzed using ELISA for quantification of IL-8. Post-endodontic pain was scored using the visual analogue scale. Outcome data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman's, Dunn's, Chi-square, and Fisher's exact tests and Spearman's correlation coefficient. The significance level (α) was set at 0.05. RESULTS: Apart from pre-operative pain scores, all groups had similar baseline characteristics (P > .05). Immediate post-endodontic pain scores had a significant difference between all groups (P < .05) where placebo group showed the highest score. There was no significant difference between all groups at 6 and 12 hours post-operatively (P > .05). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the incidence of post-endodontic pain and in mean IL-8 levels between the three groups (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: The only impact the premedications had was on the immediate post-endodontic pain intensity, and they had no influence on the later time points, incidence of post-endodontic pain or pulpal IL-8 levels.
ABSTRACT
We investigated the association between c-3279T>G and unconjugated neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. In all, 141 neonates were recruited; 63 had hyperbilirubinemia necessitating treatment, and 78 with bilirubin < 7 mg/dl served as the control group. The frequency of occurrence of c-3279T > G allele was significantly higher in the hyperbilirubinemic (49.2%) than in the control group (25.6%). The homozygous (p = 0.001, OR = 17.7 and CI = 3.9-79.3) rather than the heterozygous state (p = 0.3, OR = 0.7 and CI = 0.3-1.6) was associated with hyperbilirubinemia. Among the hyperbilirubinemic group, comparison between the three genotypes, homozygous mutation, heterozygous mutation and the normal allele, revealed that the former was associated with significantly higher mean peak total serum bilirubin [mean ± standard deviation (SD): 33.7 ± 8.2, 26.9 ± 2.8 and 21± 2.7, respectively, p-value = 0.0001], higher bilirubin/albumin ratio (p = 0.000) and a longer duration of hospital stay (p = 0.001). Homozygous c-3279T > G mutation represents an important risk factor for the development of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.
