ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The study was carried out to determine the cytotoxic, antioxidant and gastro-protective effect of ethyl-4-[(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzylid ene)amino] benzoate (ETHAB) in rats. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The cytotoxic effect of ETHAB was assessed using a MTT cleavage assay on a WRL68 cell line, while its antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro. In the anti-ulcer study, rats were divided into six groups. Group 1 and group 2 received 10% Tween 20 (vehicle). Group 3 received 20 mg/kg Omeprazole. Groups 4, 5 and 6 received ETHAB at doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg, respectively. After an hour, group 1 received the vehicle. Groups 2-6 received absolute ethanol to induce gastric mucosal lesions. In the WRL68 cell line, an IC50 of more than 100 µg/mL was observed. ETHAB results showed antioxidant activity in the DPPH, FRAP, nitric oxide and metal chelating assays. There was no acute toxicity even at the highest dosage (1000 mg/kg). Microscopy showed that rats pretreated with ETHAB revealed protection of gastric mucosa as ascertained by significant increases in superoxide dismutase (SOD), pH level, mucus secretion, reduced gastric lesions, malondialdehyde (MDA) level and remarkable flattened gastric mucosa. Histologically, pretreatment with ETHAB resulted in comparatively better gastric protection, due to reduction of submucosal edema with leucocyte infiltration. PAS staining showed increased intensity in uptake of Alcian blue. In terms of immunohistochemistry, ETHAB showed down-expression of Bax proteins and over-expression of Hsp70 proteins. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: The gastroprotective effect of ETHAB may be attributed to antioxidant activity, increased gastric wall mucus, pH level of gastric contents, SOD activity, decrease in MDA level, ulcer area, flattening of gastric mucosa, reduction of edema and leucocyte infiltration of the submucosal layer, increased PAS staining, up-regulation of Hsp70 protein and suppressed expression of Bax.
Subject(s)
Anti-Ulcer Agents/therapeutic use , Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Gastric Mucosa/drug effects , Phenols/therapeutic use , Stomach Ulcer/drug therapy , para-Aminobenzoates/therapeutic use , Animals , Anti-Ulcer Agents/chemical synthesis , Anti-Ulcer Agents/pharmacology , Antioxidants/chemical synthesis , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Ethanol/toxicity , Female , HeLa Cells , Humans , Male , Phenols/pharmacology , Rats , para-Aminobenzoates/pharmacologyABSTRACT
The title compound, a Schiff base, C(24)H(31)NO(3), has a substituted aromatic ring at both ends of the azomethine linkage and these make a dihedral angle of 24.9â (1)°. There is an intra-molecular hydrogen bond between the hy-droxy group (donor) and the N atom of themazomethine linkage.
ABSTRACT
The title amine, C(24)H(33)NO(3), has two substituted aromatic rings at either end of the -CH(2)NH- linkage [C(ar-yl)-CH(2)-NH-C(ar-yl) torsion angle = 77.4â (3)°]. The amino and hy-droxy groups are hydrogen-bond donors to the carbonyl O atom of an adjacent mol-ecule. These hydrogen bonds give rise to a chain that runs along the b axis. One of the tert-butyl groups is disordered over two positions with a site-occupation factor of 0.834â (6) for the major occupied site.
