ABSTRACT
A sociological survey was made in the Sariasiysk and Uzun districts of the Surkhandaryinsk Region in October 2010 within the project UZB-809-G04-M "Consolidation of the achieved results and support of measures to eliminate malaria in Uzbekistan". These districts were selected due to the high susceptibility and vulnerability of the areas and to the results of surveys within the Global Fund project during 2005-2010. The results of the inquiry demonstrate progress in a number of indicators of awareness about malaria. In particular, 63% of the population knew the main symptoms of malaria, 65% could call main ways to prevent malaria; 97% was aware of that insecticide-impregnated canopies were the basic means of protection against mosquito bites, and 80% told all basic measures that could reduce the size of mosquitoes and to prevent their reproduction. Public population in the Sariasiysk district was much better than that in the Uzun district. Men were well aware than women; young people were less aware than adults. Awareness among persons with higher education exceeded that among those without professional education. Medical workers are the main source of information for the population. The role of mass media and local bodies was lower. Most of the population expressed their readiness to obtain expanded information on malaria.
Subject(s)
Malaria/epidemiology , Adult , Female , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Humans , Insect Bites and Stings/prevention & control , Malaria/prevention & control , Male , Mosquito Control/methods , Surveys and Questionnaires , Uzbekistan/epidemiologyABSTRACT
In 2008, the major malaria vectors An.superpictus and An. pulcherrimus amounted up to 50 specimens per premise in the Surkhandaryinsk and Kashkadaryinsk Regions. The high density of larvae in the water reservoirs (as many as 30-50 specimens per square meter) and rice fields (8-60 specimens per square meter) was noted in the Surkhandaryinsk, Namangan, Ferghana, and Tashkent Regions. There is a high susceptibility of the territory due to increased migration between Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. In 2008, a total of 4,958,685 subjects passed through 68 border checkpoints, among them there were 835 (0.02%) individuals with suspected infectious diseases, including malaria. The foci of irrigation-ditch area and their conjugate foci of the floodplain-river one of the Surkhandaryinsk Region are most dangerous. Analysis of the trend of malaria foci showed a reduction in the number of new active foci from 44 in 2006 to 6 to 2008. The increased number of residual inactive and sanitized foci suggests that the malaria situation has considerably improved.
Subject(s)
Anopheles , Environmental Monitoring/standards , Insect Vectors , Malaria/prevention & control , Mosquito Control , Animals , Emigration and Immigration , Epidemiological Monitoring , Fresh Water/parasitology , Humans , Malaria/transmission , Population Density , Risk Factors , Seasons , Uzbekistan/epidemiologySubject(s)
Anopheles/classification , Insect Vectors/classification , Malaria, Vivax/epidemiology , Animals , Emigrants and Immigrants , Environmental Monitoring , Epidemiological Monitoring , Female , Fresh Water/parasitology , Humans , Malaria, Vivax/prevention & control , Male , Mosquito Control , Population Density , Risk Factors , Uzbekistan/epidemiologyABSTRACT
More than 200,000 patients with parasitic diseases (predominantly helminthisms, zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis) are annually notified in Uzbekistan. There are imported cases of malaria and sporadic cases of visceral leishmaniasis. The republic eradicated Filaria medinensis infection (dracunculosis) in 1931, town-type cutaneous leishmaniasis in 1950, malaria in 1960, visceral leishmaniasis in 1968, and hookworm diseases in 1974. Much experience has been accumulated in controlling zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis, large-scale social helminthisms: ascariasis, taeniarinchiasis, and hymenolepiasis.