ABSTRACT
Our objective was to determine whether the presence of the human leukocyte antigen HLA-DRB1 locus is associated with production of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP Abs) and to what extent they are associated with increased susceptibility to and severity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Egyptian patients. Twenty-nine RA patients gave informed consent to participate in a case-control study that was approved by the Ain Shams University Medical Ethics Committee. RA disease activity and severity were determined using the simplified disease activity index and Larsen scores, respectively. We used a wide scale national study on the pattern of HLA typing in normal Egyptians as a control study. Anti-CCP Abs and HLA-DRB1 typing were determined for all subjects. The alleles most strongly associated with RA were HLA-DRB1 [*01 , *04 and *06] (41.4%). RA patients with serum anti-CCP Ab titers above 60 U/mL had a significantly higher frequency of HLA-DRB1*01 (58.3%) and HLA-DRB1*04 alleles (83.3%). Significant positive correlations were found between serum and synovial anti-CCP Ab titer, RA disease activity, and severity (r = 0.87, 0.66 and 0.63, respectively; P < 0.05). HLA-DRB1 SE+ alleles [*01 and *04] were highly expressed among Egyptian RA patients. The presence of these alleles was associated with higher anti-CCP Ab titer, active and severe RA disease. Early determination of HLA-DRB1 SE+ alleles and serum anti-CCP Ab could facilitate the prediction of the clinical course and prognosis of RA when first evaluated leading to better disease control.
Subject(s)
Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology , Autoantibodies/blood , HLA-DR Antigens/genetics , Peptides, Cyclic/genetics , Adult , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/blood , Autoantibodies/genetics , Autoantibodies/immunology , Case-Control Studies , Egypt , Electrophoresis, Agar Gel , Female , Gene Frequency , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genotype , HLA-DRB1 Chains , Humans , Peptides, Cyclic/immunology , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
Our objective was to determine whether the presence of the human leukocyte antigen HLA-DRB1 locus is associated with production of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP Abs) and to what extent they are associated with increased susceptibility to and severity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Egyptian patients. Twenty-nine RA patients gave informed consent to participate in a case-control study that was approved by the Ain Shams University Medical Ethics Committee. RA disease activity and severity were determined using the simplified disease activity index and Larsen scores, respectively. We used a wide scale national study on the pattern of HLA typing in normal Egyptians as a control study. Anti-CCP Abs and HLA-DRB1 typing were determined for all subjects. The alleles most strongly associated with RA were HLA-DRB1 [*01 , *04 and *06] (41.4 percent). RA patients with serum anti-CCP Ab titers above 60 U/mL had a significantly higher frequency of HLA-DRB1*01 (58.3 percent) and HLA-DRB1*04 alleles (83.3 percent). Significant positive correlations were found between serum and synovial anti-CCP Ab titer, RA disease activity, and severity (r = 0.87, 0.66 and 0.63, respectively; P < 0.05). HLA-DRB1 SE+ alleles [*01 and *04] were highly expressed among Egyptian RA patients. The presence of these alleles was associated with higher anti-CCP Ab titer, active and severe RA disease. Early determination of HLA-DRB1 SE+ alleles and serum anti-CCP Ab could facilitate the prediction of the clinical course and prognosis of RA when first evaluated leading to better disease control.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology , Autoantibodies/blood , HLA-DR Antigens/genetics , Peptides, Cyclic/genetics , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/blood , Autoantibodies/genetics , Autoantibodies/immunology , Case-Control Studies , Egypt , Electrophoresis, Agar Gel , Gene Frequency , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genotype , Peptides, Cyclic/immunology , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
Three novel series of quinoline derivatives have been prepared by cyclization of the intermediate 3[(substituted)thiocarbamoyl-hydrazonomethyl]-2-chloroquinoline s and 3-aroylhydrazonomethyl-2-chloroquinolines: 3-(3-Acetyl-5-(substituted)-2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-oxa(thia)diazol-2-yl )-2- chloroquinolines (4; 5), 3-(5-(substituted)-1,3,4-oxa(thia)diazol-2-yl)-2-chloroquinolin es (6; 7), and 2-(substituted)-1,3,4-oxa(thia)diazepino[7,6-b]quinolines (8; 9). The antimicrobial activity of these compounds was studied.
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents/chemical synthesis , Azepines/chemical synthesis , Oxadiazoles/chemical synthesis , Quinolines/chemical synthesis , Thiadiazoles/chemical synthesis , 4-Quinolones , Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Azepines/pharmacology , Bacteria/drug effects , Fungi/drug effects , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Oxadiazoles/pharmacology , Quinolines/pharmacology , Thiadiazoles/pharmacologyABSTRACT
One hundred and four effusions from 66 children with CSOM were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Fifty percent of all effusions yielded bacterial growth and Gram negative organisms constituted 69.2% of those isolates. H. influenza was the most commonly isolated organism (36.5%) followed by B. catarrhalis and Str. pneumoniae. All B. catarrhalis, Staph. aureus and pseudomonas isolates were resistant to ampicillin while cefotaxime was active against all the isolated Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Considering B-lactamase production, all the isolated Staph. aureus were BLPs while in case of Gram negative bacteria, not all the ampicillin resistant strains were BLPs.
Subject(s)
Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Developing Countries , Otitis Media with Effusion/microbiology , Ampicillin Resistance , Bacteria/drug effects , Bacteria/isolation & purification , Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Cefotaxime/therapeutic use , Child , Child, Preschool , Egypt , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Otitis Media with Effusion/drug therapyABSTRACT
The present study was performed for determination of distribution of P. Shigelloides in human, pet animals, fish and shellfish and water in Alexandria. P. Shigelloides was recovered from 3.2% of diarrheal patients and 2.67% food handlers indicating the importance of plesiomonas as one of the enteric pathogen and reflecting the public health hazard in Egypt. This organism was found to be more pathogenic in infants as 75% of the diarrheal patients were infants under 2 years of age. The isolation rate was higher in summer which is considered the season of increased diarrheal illness. From dogs and cats samples, plesiomonas was recovered from 8% of dogs samples. Out of 120 fish and shellfish samples 18.57% of fish and 8.6% of shellfish samples yielded plesiomonas. Plesiomonas was also recovered from 32 out of 100 water samples, 24 (42.86%) from fresh water. This study shows that P. Shigelloides seem to be one of the current causes of diarrheal illness in Egypt.
Subject(s)
Plesiomonas/isolation & purification , Animals , Cats , Dogs , Egypt , Fishes , Humans , Plesiomonas/pathogenicityABSTRACT
Detection of L. monocytogenes in raw and pasteurized milk, Zabady, Karish, Domiati and Romi cheeses were done in this study using direct and cold enrichment methods. Out of 140 samples 3 samples were positive by cold enrichment and they were 2 of raw milk and one of Domiati cheese. Survival of L. monocytogenes was studied during heat treatment of milk by the sealed tube method of inactivation and it was found that L. monocytogenes inactivated completely at 60 degrees C for 15 minutes. There was a statistically inverse correlation between time of storage of dairy products and viable cell count of L. monocytogenes. PH played an important role in survival of that pathogen.