Development, reliability, and validity testing of the Sense of Security Scale for Medical Staff / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To establishment the Sense of Security Scale for Medical Staff and test its reliability and validity. METHODS: The pre-test version scale was formulated through methods of literature review, semi-structured interviews with clinical medical staff, discussion with members of research groups, and consultation with medical experts. A total of 350 and 403 medical staff who worked in a tertiary A hospital in Guangdong Province were selected as the prediction and the verification samples, respectively, by convenience sampling method. The reliability and validity of the final version scale were tested by item analysis, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factory analysis. RESULTS: Through item analysis, it was determined that the scale was mainly composed of 24 items. Exploratory factory analysis extracted five characteristics: environmental factors, patient factors, self factors, organizational management, and social support, that explained 72.8% of the total variation. The results of confirmatory factory analysis showed that the ratio of chi-square to degree of freedom was 2.851, the mean square error of approximation was 0.068, the standardized mean square residual was 0.078, the goodness of fit index was 0.883, the normative fit index was 0.904, the comparative fit index was 0.935, the non-standard fitting index was 0.924, and the incremental fitting index was 0.936. The results of reliability and validity test showed that the total Cronbach alpha coefficient, Spearman-Brown coefficient and retest reliability were 0.939, 0.967 and 0.808, respectively. The item reliability of each item was 0.420-0.814, the composite reliability was 0.775-0.920, the content validity ratio was 0.904, the convergent validity was 0.514-0.741, and the discriminative validity was 0.717-0.861. CONCLUSION: The reliability and validity of each dimension of the Sense of Security Scale for Medical Staff is good, and it can be used as an evaluation tool to measure the sense of security in medical staff.

Retrospective analysis of 617 cases of accidental injury in critically ill children / 中国实用儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE: By analyzing the cases of accidental injuries among critically ill children in our hospital in recent years,we put forward feasible preventive measures to effectively reduce the occurrence of accidental injuries. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of children who were admitted to the PICU in our hospital from May1,2015 to April 30,2018;the types of children with accidental injuries were analyzed,and the male-to-female ratio of the results was analyzed. Seasonal characteristics,age,and the proportion of deaths were analyzed. RESULTS: It was found that the top three causes of accidents in critically ill children were falling injuries(246,39.87%),traffic accidents(156,25.28%),and poisoning(57,9.23%). The incidence of accidental injuries for boys was significantly greater than that for girls;there were 375 boys and 242 girls,the ratio being 1.55∶1;severe accident injuries peaked in early childhood(1～4 years old);there was no significant difference between urban and rural areas. CONCLUSION: The accidental injuries in critically ill children have undergone tremendous changes. We should adopt preventive measures to reduce accidental injuries.

Transcriptome sequencing analysis of novel sRNAs of Kineococcus radiotolerans in response to ionizing radiation.

Kineococcus radiotolerans is a Gram-positive, radio-resistant bacterium isolated from a radioactive environment. The small noncoding RNAs (sRNAs) in bacteria are reported to play roles in the immediate response to stress and/or the recovery from stress. The analysis of K. radiotolerans transcriptome sequencing results can identify these sRNAs in a genome-wide detection, using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) by the deep sequencing technique. In this study, the raw data of radiation-exposed samples (RS) and control samples (CS) were acquired separately from the sequencing platform. There were 217 common sRNA candidates in the two samples screened in the genome-wide scale by bioinformatics analysis. There were 43 differentially expressed sRNA candidates, including 28 up-regulated and 15 down-regulated ones. The down-regulated sRNAs were selected for the sRNA target prediction, of which 12 sRNAs that may modulate the genes related to the transcription regulation and DNA repair were considered as the candidates involved in the radio-resistance regulation system.

Deep sequencing analysis of the Kineococcus radiotolerans transcriptome in response to ionizing radiation.

Kineococcus radiotolerans is a gram-positive, radiation-resistant bacterium that was isolated from a radioactive environment. The synergy of several groups of genes is thought to contribute to the radio-resistance of this species of bacteria. Sequencing of the transcriptome, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), using deep sequencing technology can reveal the genes that are differentially expressed in response to radiation in this bacterial strain. In this study, the transcriptomes of two samples (with and without irradiation treatment) were sequencing by deep sequencing technology. After the bioinformatics process, 143 genes were screened out by the differential expression (DE) analysis. In all 143 differentially expressed genes, 20 genes were annotated to be related to the radio-resistance based on the cluster analysis by the cluster of orthologous groups of proteins (COG) annotation which were validated by the quantitative RT-PCR. The pathway analysis revealed that these 20 validated genes were related to DNA damage repair, including recA, ruvA and ruvB, which were considered to be the key genes in DNA damage repair. This study provides the foundation to investigate the regulatory mechanism of these genes.

Effects of FMN riboswitch on antioxidant activity in Deinococcus radiodurans under H2O2 stress.

The flavin mononucleotide (FMN) riboswitch is structured noncoding RNA domains that control gene expression by selectively binding FMN or sensing surrounding changes without protein factors, which are involved in the biosynthesis and transport of riboflavin and related compounds. We constructed the deletion mutant of FMN riboswitch to investigate its possible role in response to H2O2 stress in Deinococcus radiodurans. The results showed that the deletion of FMN riboswitch resulted in an obvious growth delay in D. radiodurans. Compared with the survival rate of 56% of D. radiodurans, only 40% of the mutant survived after treated with 50 mM of H2O2, indicating that deletion of FMN riboswitch obviously increased the susceptibility to H2O2. Compared with the wild type R1 strain of D. radiodurans, FMN riboswitch knockout cells accumulated a higher level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) while their total catalase activity reduced significantly. Results from quantitative real-time PCR analysis implies structural alterations of in response to H2O2 challenge. Our data suggest a critical role of FMN riboswitch in the oxidation tolerance system of D. radiodurans.

[Development of a multi-spectra based portable water quality analyzer].

A novel portable multi-parameter water quality analyzer was developed based on the multi-spectra information fusion theory. The analysis method, hardware structures, working principles and software functions are described in the present paper. As a small size, rapid testing and outdoor green instrument, this analyzer can be used to measure six water organic pollution indicators, including TOC, COD, etc., through analyzing the spectra of a small amount of water sample without any chemical reagent. The practical water analysis experiments showed that the multi-spectra fusion method used by this analyzer possesses a higher measurement precision than that of the UV spectral analysis method, which is popularly used by the water quality analyzers in the market.