NR5A2 promotes malignancy progression and mediates the effect of cisplatin in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

INTRODUCTION: Nuclear receptor subfamily five group A member two (NR5A2) plays a key role in the development of many tumor types, while it is uncertain in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). The aim of this work was to determine the role of NR5A2 in cSCC proliferation, and to determine whether NR5A2 mediates the effect of cisplatin in cSCC. METHODS: We performed a systematic study of existing data and conducted a preliminary bioinformatics analysis of NR5A2 expression in cSCC using bioinformatics databases. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on cSCC tissues of seven patients to study NR5A2 expression. NR5A2 expression was examined in human keratin-forming cells (HaCaT) and human cSCC cells (A431, Colo-16, SCL-1, SCL-2, and HSC-5). Stable A431 and SCL-2 cell lines consisting of sh-RNA-NR5A2 were constructed to detect changes in cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and to determine the key proteins in the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway. We also investigated changes in the effects of cisplatin on cSCC cells by CCK-8, clone formation assay, and Flow apoptosis assay after NR5A2 knockdown. RESULTS: NR5A2 showed enhanced expression in cSCC tissues than in healthy tissues. Downregulation of NR5A2 in cSCC cells led to the formation of a less malignant phenotype. In contrast, the proliferative capacity of the cSCC cells was enhanced posttreatment with RJW100, an NR5A2 agonist. Additionally, NR5A2 knockdown led to a decrease in the expression level of the proteins in the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway, and this inhibition was reversed by LiCl and recombinant antibody, Wnt3a. Moreover, NR5A2 knockdown resulted in diminished proliferative capacity and increased apoptotic cells after the addition of cisplatin. CONCLUSION: NR5A2 plays a crucial role in the progression of cSCC, and the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway may be involved in the regulation of NR5A2-mediated cSCC. Knockdown of NR5A2 enhanced both the proliferation inhibiting and apoptosis promoting effects of cisplatin on cSCC.

Therapeutic value of endoscopic submucosal dissection in the elderly with early colorectal cancer and precancerous lesion / 中华消化内镜杂志

Clinical data of 210 patients with early colorectal cancer and precancerous lesion treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in the Digestive Endoscopy Center of the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2015 to March 2018 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups according to the age: the elderly group (≥65 years old, 100 cases) and the non-elderly group (<65 years old, 110 cases). The en bloc resection rate, complete resection rate,and curative resection rate of the elderly group were 92.0% (92/100), 91.0% (91/100) and 89.0% (89/100), respectively. The above indicators of the non-elderly group were 90.9% (100/110) ( P=0.972), 90.0% (99/110) ( P=0.991) and 88.2% (97/110) ( P=1.000), respectively. The incidence of intraoperative perforation in the elderly group was 4.0% (4/100) and in the non-elderly group was 6.4% (7/110) ( P=0.543). Delayed postoperative bleeding rate was 2.0% (2/100) in the elderly group, and 0 (0/110) in the non-elderly group ( P=0.226). ESD is effective and safe in treating early colorectal cancer and precancerous lesion in elderly patients.

Effects of sinapine thiocyanate on cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and its related mechanism / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effects of sinapine thiocyanate (ST) on the malignant biological behavior of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma A431 and Colo-16 cells, and its mechanism. Methods The fibroblast cells were treated with 20 μmol · L

Positive predictive value of optic disc haemorrhages for open angle glaucoma.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the positive predictive value (PPV) of disc haemorrhages (DHs) for the diagnosis of open angle glaucoma (OAG). METHODS: A retrospective review of 618 consecutive new referrals by community optometrists to a hospital glaucoma service, including 54 patients with DHs. All patients had a comprehensive eye examination. The primary outcome was whether the patient was diagnosed with OAG in either eye, with a secondary outcome of whether they were discharged at the first visit (first visit discharge rate, FVDR). RESULTS: 54 of 618 patients (8.7%) had a DH noted at the time of referral, including 21 referred with DH alone. 29 patients with DHs were diagnosed with OAG for a PPV of 54% (95% CI 40-67%), falling to 24% (95% CI 8-47%) in those with DH alone. The overall FVDR was 35%, increasing to 57% in those referred due to DH alone. The FVDR for those referred with DH alone was significantly higher than the FDVR of 25% among the 564 patients referred with suspected glaucoma without a DH (P = 0.001). The FVDR decreased to 35% for patients with a DH plus one other feature of glaucoma and to 0% for patients with a DH and at least two other features suggestive of glaucoma. CONCLUSIONS: Almost 60% of patients referred due to isolated DHs were discharged at the first visit to the glaucoma clinic, however almost one in four was diagnosed with OAG. Patients with DH and other features suggestive of glaucoma had a higher probability of glaucoma diagnosis.

Erratum to: The treatment effect of novel hGHRH homodimer to male infertility hamster

The authors note that on page 637 (Author Name), author affiliation of Tao Liu “Tao Liu⁶” should instead appear as “Tao Liu⁵.”

Research progress on the mutual effects between brown adipose tissue and bone / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) increases energy consumption by directly dissipating stored energy in the form of heat through the role of uncoupling protein (UCP1). Recent studies have found that brown adipocytes may also regulate metabolism through autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine mechanisms. A growing body of evidences have shown that the BAT has a close relationship with bone metabolism, in which BAT secretes a variety of factors to regulate bone metabolism, while bone also secretes a variety of bioactive substances to control BAT function. In addition, BAT may indirectly participate in bone metabolism through muscle-mediated regulation or SNS activity and improvement of body metabolism, thus forming a BAT-skeletal axis. In this paper, we try to explain the relationship between brown adipose tissue and bone, and to discuss their interactive mechanisms.

Two new ursane-type nortriterpenes from Lonicera macranthoides and their iNOS-inhibitory activities / 中国天然药物

The flower buds of Lonicera macranthoides (Shan Yin-Hua), represent an important traditional Chinese medicine and food ingredient. A phytochemical investigation of the 70% EtOH extract of the flower buds of L. macranthoides resulted in the isolation of 12 triterpenoids (1-12), including two new ursane-type nortriterpenes, 2α, 24-dihydroxy-23-nor-ursolic acid (1) and 2α, 4α-dihydroxy-23-nor-ursolic acid (2). Their structures were established by multiple spectroscopic methods and comparison with literature data. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited inhibitory effects on iNOS at the concentration of 30 μmol·L.

The relationship between music preferences and positive emotion, subjective well-being and life satisfaction in medical college students / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between medical college students' music preference and positive emotion,subjective well-being as well as life satisfaction.Methods A self-designed music preference questionnaire,the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS),Index of Well-being (IWB)and Life Satisfaction Scales Applicable to College Students (CSLSS) were used to test 571 college students and SPSS 20.0 was adopted to establish the database of all the data for statistical description,t test and Analysis of Variance.Results ① the positive emotion scores of medical college students who are fond of lively music and calm music (average scores are 29.91 and 29.14 respectively) are significantly higher than those of students who like sorrow music (average score is 27.31);the positive emotion score for the students who are active in music activities is obviously higher than that of the students who are passive to accept music.② the index of subject well-being for medical college students who are fond of lively music and calm music (average scores are 10.46 and 10.40 respectively) is significantly higher than that for the students who like sorrow music (average score is 9.60).③ in terms of the attitude towards the music participation,the scores in objective life satisfaction (P＜0.05),subjective life satisfaction (P＜0.01) and general life satisfaction (P＜0.01) for medical college students who participate in music activity with others are significantly higher than those for students involved in music activity alone.Conclusion Medical college students' positive emotions,subjective well-being as well as life satisfaction and music preferences are closely related.In the process of psychological health education,attaching great importance to the cultivation and guidance of medical students music preferences will play a positive role in the psychological health for medical college students.

Clinical effects of loading doses of rosuvastatin in treatment of acute cerebral infarction and influence on cere-bral hemodynamics / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To observe the effects of loading doses of rosuvastatin in treatment of acute cerebral infarction and influence on cerebral hemodynamics.Methods One hundred and twenty-six patients of acute cerebral infarction who were admitted into hospital from January 2014 to June 2016 were selected and randomly divided into the observation group(63 cases,loading doses of rosuvastatin,40 mg per day at the first time,and then 20 mg per day)and the control group(63 cases,routine doses of rosuvastatin,10 mg per day),and one course lasted for 3 months.The NIHSS scores and Barthel index before treatment,1 month and 3 months after treatment were compared,as well as the clinical effects and cerebral hemodynamics changes 3 months after treatment.Results The NIHSS scores of the observation group at 1 month and 3 months after treatment were respectively lower than those of control group with statistical significance(P<0.05),and scores of the Barthel index of the observation group were higher than those of the control group with statistical significance(P<0.05).The total effective rate in the observation group was 88.89%,which was higher than that of the control group(77.78%),but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).After the treatment,bilateral pulsation index(PI)of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05).Systolic blood flow velocity(Vs)and mean blood flow velocity(Vm)were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). The difference of adverse reaction between 2 groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion Loading doses of rosuvastatin can achieve better curative efficacy in treatment of patients with acute cerebral infarction and better improvement of cerebral hemodynamics.

Comparison of different extraction methods of exosome from macrophages / 中国药理学通报

Aim To establish the methods for exosomes isolation from the cell culture medium based on the principle of polyethy-lene glycol (PEG) precipitation combined with ultra-high speed centrifugation. Methods Exosomes were extracted by different centrifugation, PEG6000 precipitation combined with ultra-high speed centrifugation and EXO Quick kit,respectively. The mor-phology and particle size of exosomes were analyzed by transmis-sion electron microscopy,NanoSight ZS and Nano-particle track-er(NTA). Western blot assay was used to identify if the extrac-tion were exosomes. Results According to PEG6000 precipita-tion combined with ultra-high speed centrifugation method, the exosomes were successfully isolated from the culture medium. The morphology and particle size of exosomes,the exosomes iso-lated from PEG6000 precipitation combined with ultra-high speed centrifugation were equal to those of the ultra-high speed centrifugation but smaller to EXO Quick kit. What's more, the results of transmission electron microscopy showed that the three methods had typical discoid vesicles. Conclusion The im-provement of the exosome isolation from cell culture medium is convenient,easy and cheap.

The treatment effect of novel hGHRH homodimer to male infertility hamster

Extra-hypothalamic growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) plays an important role in reproduction. To study the treatment effect of Grin (a novel hGHRH homodimer), the infertility models of 85 male Chinese hamsters were established by intraperitoneally injecting 20 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide once in a week for 5 weeks and the treatment with Grin or human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) as positive control was evaluated by performing a 3-week mating experiment. 2–8 mg/kg of Grin and 200 U/kg of hMG showed similar effect and different pathological characteristics. Compared to the single cyclophosphamide group (0%), the pregnancy rates (H-, M-, L-Grin 26.7, 30.8, 31.3%, and hMG 31.3%) showed significant difference, but there was no difference between the hMG and Grin groups. The single cyclophosphamide group presented loose tubules with pathologic vacuoles and significant TUNEL positive cells. Grin induced less weight of body or testis, compactly aligned tubules with little intra-lumens, whereas hMG caused more weight of body or testis, enlarging tubules with annular clearance. Grin presented a dose-dependent manner or cell differentiation-dependentincrease in testicular GHRH receptor, and did not impact the levels of blood and testicular GH, testosterone. Grin promotes fertility by proliferating and differentiating primitive cells through up-regulating testicular GHRH receptor without triggering GH secretion, which might solve the etiology of oligoasthenozoospermia.

Mutation analysis of the FGFR3 gene in a patient with Crouzon syndrome complicated by acanthosis nigricans / 中华皮肤科杂志

A 7-year-old female patient presented with frontal bossing and exophthalmos complicated by skin pigmentation all over the body for 7 years.Pigmentation was seen on the flexor aspects of the bilateral elbows 1 week after birth,and skin pigmentation gradually appeared at multiple body sites 1 year later.She had suffered from lacrimal duct obstruction since childhood,and repeated dredging of the duct was ineffective.Parents of the child were healthy and non-consanguineous marriage,and had no family history of the same disease.Physical examination showed square-shaped skull,frontal bossing,maxillary hypoplasia,mandibular prognathism,exophthalmos,ocular hypertelorism,depressed nasal bridge,dental malocclusion,and irregular dentition.Skin examination showed dark brown skin all over the body,coarse skin on the neck,axillary and inguinal regions,papillomatous cutaneous thickening,with velvet-like appearance.The patient was diagnosed with Crouzon syndrome complicated by acanthosis nigricans (CAN).Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)and DNA sequencing were performed to detect mutations in the FGFR3 gene in the patient with CAN,her parents and 100 unrelated healthy controls.A heterozygous missense mutation (C.1172 C ＞ A) was identified in the FGFR3 gene in the proband,but not in her parents or the 100 unrelated healthy controls.The missense mutation in the FGFR3 gene may be a causative mutation leading to the clinical manifestations of the patient.

Protective effect of total saponins from stems and leaves of Panax ginseng on cisplatin-induced kidney damage in mice and its mechanism / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect of total saponins from stems and leaves of Panax ginseng (GSLS) on cisplatin (CDDP)-induced kidney damage in mice and its possible mechanism. METHODS Thirty-two male ICR mice were randomly divided into normal control group, CDDP group, and GSLS(150 and 300)+CDDP groups. GSLS was administered to mice by oral gavage once a day for 7 d. On the 7th day, a single injection of CDDP 20 mg·kg-1 was given 1 h after GSLS 150 and 300 mg·kg-1 before GSLS 150 and 300 mg·kg-1 continued to be given for 3 d. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CRE) , catalase (CAT) in renal tissue, reduced glutathione (GSH), tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α) and interleukin 1β(IL-1β) of cisplatin induced mice were detected after 72 h. HE and PAS staining were used to observe the renal histopathological changes;While TUNEL and Hoechst33258 staining were employed to observe apoptosis in kidney tissues. RESULTS Compared with normal control group, CDDP group had a significant reduction in relative body mass (P<0.05), and the level of GSH and CAT in kidney tissues (P<0.05). The level of CRE, BUN, TNF-α, and IL-1βin serum and renal indexes significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01), especially BUN and CRE that respectively doubled and quadrupled. CDDP group developed glomerulus swelling, renal tubular expansion and epithelial cell necrosis. Trans?parent tube type of tube cavity appeared, the nucleus pycnosis disappeared, but renal interstitial edema and inflammatory cell infiltration appeared. There was a large amount of glycogen deposition and high expressions of TUNEL positive cells and Hoechst33258 positive cells. Compared with CDDP group, the levels of BUN and CRE in GSLS treatment group significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01) in serum, glycogen deposition was reducted and apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells decreased in kidney tissues (P<0.05). The level of TNF-α, IL-1β(P<0.05) and the degree of renal tissue necrosis were significantly reduced (P<0.05) in CDDP+GSLS 300 group, but there was a significant increase in the level of CAT and GSH (P<0.05). CONCLUSION GSLS can protect against mouse kidney injury induced by cisplatin. The mechanism may be related to oxidation, reduced inflammation reaction and resistance to apoptosis.

Renoprotective effects of berberine and its potential effect on the expression of ß-arrestins and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in streptozocin-diabetic nephropathy rats.

BACKGROUND: Berberine has been shown to exert protective effects against diabetic nephropathy (DN), but the mechanisms involved have not been fully characterized. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of berberine on the expression of ß-arrestins, intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in DN rat kidneys and investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS: To create the DN model, rats fed a high-fat and high-glucose diet were injected with a single dose of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg, i.p.). Then, DN rats were either treated or not with berberine (50, 100, 200 mg/kg per day, i.g., 8 weeks). Periodic acid-Schiff staining was used to evaluate renal histopathological changes. Renal tissue levels of ß-arrestin 1 and ß-arrestin 2 were determined by Western blot analysis, whereas immunohistochemistry was used to determine renal ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels. RESULTS: Berberine (100, 200 mg/kg) ameliorated the histopathological changes in the diabetic kidney. Western blot analysis revealed significant increases in ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels in the kidneys of DN rats, which were reversed by treatment with 100 and 200 mg/kg berberine. In addition, berberine treatment (50, 100, 200 mg/kg) increased diabetic-induced decreases in ß-arrestin 1 and ß-arrestin 2. CONCLUSIONS: Berberine exhibited renoprotective effects in DN rats. The underlying molecular mechanisms may be associated with changes in the levels and regulation of ß-arrestin expression, as well as ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels in the rat kidney.

Study of histology in accellular dermal matrix after being transplanted in vivo over time / 实用医学杂志

Objective To demonstrate the histology in acellular dermal matrix(ADM)after being transplanted in vivo over time. Methods Forty male SD rats were recruited for the experiment. Subcutaneous implantation of an 1 cm × 1 cm ADM was given in the left sides on the back of the rat for the experimental group, while only dissection and suturing were performed in right side of the back for the control group. All the animals will be sacrificed at appointed time after operation, Five ADM samples were harvested in each time point. The content and proportion of collagen type were examined with HE staining, Picrosirius staining, Masson′s trichrome staining, and Immunohistochemical staining (targets: pan macrophage, M1 macrophage and M2 macrophage). Results All rats survived after operative without any complications. Significant differences of thickness were not observed at the end of 5 months; HE scores suggested that ADM increased in cell infiltration scores in 2 weeks before the plateau , vascularity also showed a similar trend; Collagen trichrome staining showed a substantial increase in density of collagen bundles with time. The comparison of the proportion of collagen among days showed significant differences (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining of M1 and M2 showed that macrophages had distinct polarization profiles in materials. Furthermore, the comparison of M1 vs M2 response associated with different materials showed significant differences in all time points (P < 0.05). Conclusions The chemically cross-linked ADM could keep long time in the body; ADM significantly stimulated proinflammatory of M2 differentiation from M1 in constructive remodeling.

Theoretical and experimental research on the self-assembled system of molecularly imprinted polymers formed by salbutamol and methacrylic acid.

The quantum chemical method was applied for screening functional monomers in the rational design of salbutamol-imprinted polymers. Salbutamol was the template molecule, and methacrylic acid was the single functional monomer. The LC-WPBE/6-31G(d,p) method was used to investigate the geometry optimization, active sites, natural bond orbital charges, binding energies of the imprinted molecule, and solvation energy. The mechanism of action between salbutamol and methacrylic acid was also discussed. The theoretical results show that salbutamol interacts with functional monomers by hydrogen bonds, and the salbutamol-imprinted polymers with a ratio of 1:4 (salbutamol/methacrylic acid) in acetonitrile had the highest stability. The salbutamol-imprinted polymers were prepared by precipitation polymerization. The experimental results indicated that the maximum adsorption capacity for salbutamol toward molecularly imprinted polymers was 7.33 mg/g, and the molecularly imprinted polymers had a higher selectivity for salbutamol than for norepinephrine and terbutaline sulfate. Herein, the studies can provide theoretical and experimental references for the salbutamol molecular imprinted system.

Endoscopic findings and treatment of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To investigate the endoscopic findings and treatment of gastrointestinal neu-roendocrine neoplasms.Methods Endoscopic manifestation and treatment were analyzed retrospectively in 72 patients who were diagnosed as having gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms by endoscopy and pathol-ogy from May 2011 to December 2014.Results In 72 patients of gastrointestinal NEN,rectum was most commonly involved (48 patients,66.7%),followed by the stomach (16 patients,22.2%),duodenum, esophagus and the ileocecal valve.There were certain features in rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms under endoscopy,mostly manifested by submucosal tumors.But gastric,esophageal,and small intestine NEN man-ifestations showed various forms,without specific typical features,and easy to be misdiagnosed.Some patients diagnosed as having NEN G1 or G2 underwent EMR,ESD or laparoscopy combined with endoscopy resection.Patients diagnosed as having NEN G2 or neuroendocrine carcinoma by pathology received surgical resection,chemotherapy or palliative treatment.All 50 patients underwent endoscopic treatment successful-ly.Perforation occurred in one duodenal bulbar G1 patient during ESD.No bleeding occurred during and after the operation.All patients after treatment were followed up for 15.6 +13.2 months on average with no recurrence or metastasis.Conclusion Manifestations of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms vary under endoscopy.Some tumors that locate in mucosa or submucosa with diameter less than 1cm can be resec-ted through EMR or ESD.

Factors for Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in Early Colorectal Neoplasms: A Single Center Clinical Experience in China

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Early colorectal (CR) neoplasm can be cured by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), but clinical experience and factors associated with complications from ESD for CR neoplasms in China have not been reported. METHODS: Seventy-eight cases of early CR neoplasm treated with endoscopic resection performed between December 2012 and December 2013 at Beijing Military General Hospital were included. Factors associated with ESD complications and procedure times were evaluated. RESULTS: The en bloc resection rate was 88.5% (69/78), tumor size was 32.1+/-10.7 mm, and procedure time was 71.8+/-49.5 minutes. The major complication was perforation, which occurred in 8.97% of the ESD procedures. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that only tumor size (p=0.022) was associated with ESD perforation. Tumor size (p<0.001) and the non-lifting sign (p=0.017) were independent factors for procedure time, and procedure time (p=0.016) was a key factor for en bloc resection. After a median 10 months (range, 4 to 16) of follow-up, no patients had local recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicated that ESD is an applicable method for large early CR neoplasm in the colon and rectum. Tumor size and the non-lifting sign might be considerable factors for increased complication rate and procedural time of ESD.

Berberine regulates the expression of E-prostanoid receptors in diabetic rats with nephropathy.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Effective therapies to prevent the development of this disease and to improve advanced kidney injury are required. Berberine (BBR) has preventive effects on diabetes and its complications. This study is to investigate the effects of BBR on the expression of E-prostanoid receptors (EPs) in rats with high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN and underlying molecular mechanisms of BBR on DN rats. DN model was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats with high-fat diet and low dose of STZ injection. BBR (50, 100, 200 mg/kg/d) were orally administered to rats after STZ injection and conducted for 8 weeks. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in renal cortex were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expression of EPs receptors (EP1-EP4) were determined by western blotting. Remarkable renal damage, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia were observed in DN rats. BBR could restore renal functional parameters, suppress alterations in histological and ultrastructural changes in the kidney tissues, improve glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, and increase cAMP levels compared with those of DN model group (Wang et al. in Mol Biol Rep 40:2405-2418, 2013). The level of IL-6 and PGE2 were significantly increased in DN model group compared with normal group, BBR could apparently reduced the level of IL-6 and PGE2. Furthermore, the expression of EP1 and EP3 were both increased and EP4 was lessened in the DN model group compared with normal group, BBR could down-regulate total protein expression of EP1 and EP3 of renal cortex in DN rats and up-regulate the expression of EP4, and there is no significant difference on the expression of EP2 among all groups. These studies demonstrate, for the first time, that BBR exerts renoprotection in high-fat diet and STZ-induced DN rats by modulating the proteins expression of EPs in EP-G protein-cAMP signaling pathway.

Progress of animal research on electro-acupuncture treatment for depression(△) / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

This paper summarized the Chinese literatures in the previous 5 years about the pre-clinical animal researches on the application of electro-acupuncture (EA) treatment for depression, searched in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The efficiency of EA treatment for depression and the mechanism of it were discussed, to shed light on new ideas and new fronts for the further research on depression in clinical or pre-clinical fields.