ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To establish the pharmacognostic standards for the correct identification and standardization of an important Antidiabetic plant described in Ayurveda. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Standardization was carried out on the leaf and stem of Basella alba L. with the help of the macro-morphological, microscopic, physicochemical and qualitative phytochemical studies. RESULTS: Several specific characters were identified viz. clustered calcium oxalate crystals in the cortex region, absence of trichomes, succulent, thick, mucilaginous, fibrous stem. Rubiaceous type of stomata on both sides of the leaf. Quantitative microscopy along with physicochemical and qualitative phytochemical analysis were also established. CONCLUSION: The pharmacognostic standards could serve as the reference for the proper identification of the Basella alba L. which is an important anti-diabetic plant described in Ayurveda.
ABSTRACT
In the Siddha system of Medicine cotyledons of the seeds of C. Lanatus are known as Mulam/Pullum/Pitcha (Tamil) and used as Pulukolli (Vermifuge), Karpa moolikai (General tonic) and as Aanmeiperukki (Aphrodisiac). In the Ayurvedic system of Medicine seeds are said to have properties like Sheeta (cooling), Mootrala (Diuretic) and Vrshya (Aphrodisiac). The present paper deals with macro and microscopical studies, maceration, histochemical tests, solubility, physical contents, extractive values, tests for inorganic and organic constituents, U.V. and thin layer chromatographic studies.
ABSTRACT
The paper deals with the detailed pharmacognosy of the whole plant of Orilaitamarai (Hybanthus enneasperms) sold in the local market under the name Purusharatna, Ratanpursuha. The studies include macro, microscopical, histochemical and diagnostic characters of the root, stem and leaf. The physical constants, fluorescence characteristics and chromatographic studies of the whole plant are also presented.
ABSTRACT
Spices are historically known contributions to the world. The credit for identifying the spices with medicinal and culinary values goes to Ayurveda. Saaru or Rasam is a very popular soup used all over southern India. In this paper an attempt has been made to present the ayurvedic rationale behind formulating the receipt of saaru or rasam.
Subject(s)
Analgesia , Bronchial Spasm/etiology , Bupivacaine , Adult , Female , Functional Laterality , Humans , Thorax/anatomy & histology , Thorax/innervationABSTRACT
The applied anatomy of the cricothyroid and cricotracheal region of the neck and a retrograde method of tracheal intubation using the subcricoid region are described. This approach has several advantages, including absence of bleeding complications, as there are no major blood vessels on the cricotracheal membrane, and reduction in the possible development of subglottic oedema and stenosis.
Subject(s)
Intubation, Intratracheal/methods , Catheterization, Peripheral/methods , Cricoid Cartilage/anatomy & histology , Humans , Larynx/anatomy & histology , Ligaments/anatomy & histology , Neck/anatomy & histology , Trachea/anatomy & histologySubject(s)
Blood , Dura Mater/injuries , Headache/therapy , Adult , Female , Headache/etiology , Humans , Injections, Epidural/methods , Myelography , Spinal Cord Injuries/complications , Subdural SpaceSubject(s)
Causalgia/etiology , Lightning Injuries/complications , Nerve Block , Telephone , Adult , Causalgia/therapy , Female , HumansSubject(s)
Anesthesia, Epidural , Anesthesia, Obstetrical , Catheterization/instrumentation , Equipment Failure , Female , HumansABSTRACT
Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy is gaining worldwide acceptance, it is associated with some nonsurgical complications. We report the occurrence of massive subcutaneous emphysema, bradycardia, malfunctioning oximeters, pulmonary edema, endobronchial intubation, and the patient falling from the table with change in position during this surgical procedure. Choice of anesthetics, commonly occurring anesthetic complications, and management of these problems during laparoscopic surgery are discussed.
Subject(s)
Anesthesia, General/adverse effects , Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic/adverse effects , Intraoperative Complications , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anesthetics/administration & dosage , Bradycardia/etiology , Carbon Dioxide/adverse effects , Clinical Protocols , Equipment Failure , Female , Humans , Hypoxia/etiology , Insufflation/adverse effects , Intraoperative Complications/prevention & control , Intubation, Intratracheal/adverse effects , Intubation, Intratracheal/instrumentation , Male , Oximetry/adverse effects , Oximetry/instrumentation , Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial/adverse effects , Posture , Respiration Disorders/etiology , Subcutaneous Emphysema/etiologyABSTRACT
The drug Vanaharidra is used in various kinds of diseases like Kusta, Kasa, etc., Pharmacognosy of the root and rhizome of Vanaharidra is presented in this paper.
ABSTRACT
The pharmacognosy of root tubers of Minnikizhangu (Dolichos trilobus L) used by the trials of Kodikkarai forests. Tamil Nadu is reported in this communication.
ABSTRACT
The recent finding of terbutaline as the treatment of choice to manage intraoperative penile tumescence with the patient under anesthesia (general and regional) has prompted us to use this beta-2 agonist (5 mg. orally) for persistent penile erection and priapism resulting from injection of pharmacological agents, such as phentolamine, phenoxybenzamine and papavarine, into the penis for erectile impotence. The drug also has been used successfully (0.25 to 0.5 mg. intravenously or subcutaneously) to treat priapism developing despite a cavernosum-spongiosum shunt procedure. This and other pure beta 2 agonists will have an important role in the treatment of undesirable and painful penile erection, alone or in association with other invasive and noninvasive intervention.
Subject(s)
Penile Erection/drug effects , Priapism/drug therapy , Terbutaline/therapeutic use , Adult , Aged , Erectile Dysfunction/drug therapy , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Papaverine/therapeutic use , Phenoxybenzamine/therapeutic use , Phentolamine/therapeutic use , Priapism/chemically induced , Self Administration , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Intraoperative Complications , Penile Erection/drug effects , Terbutaline/pharmacology , Adult , Aged , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Nilgirianthus heyneanus is widely used in South India in place of Sahachara (Barleria prionitis L) and is considered as an important Vatahara drug. Detailed pharmacognosy of the root of N. heyneanus commonly known as Karim Kurinji (Malayalam) in Kerala has been carried out. Some of the diagnostic features of the drug are pigmented cystoliths in the cortex and pith region; yellow colour cell contents in the cortex region; thick walled and oval-elongated stone cells in the cortex region.
ABSTRACT
Details on 33 plants / drugs belonging to 30 genera and 22 families are provided in this paper; ayurvedic drug name, botanical sources in the island, short description of the species occurring in the islands, chemical constituents, ayurvedic preparations and therapeutic properties are elucidated.
ABSTRACT
In this paper, the South Indian crude drug samples of Prsniparni, Sahacara, Hapusa and Renuka are evaluated. Their accepted source, alternative sources along with botanical and chemical constituents for the S. Indian source plants are provided. Suitable photographs of the crude drugs and the herbarium specimens are also provided of facilitate identification.
ABSTRACT
The South Indian market sample sources of the drugs Sariva, Prasarani, Dusparsa and Agaru are evaluated; the herbarium specimens and crude drugs for all the plants involved are provided to facilitate identification.
ABSTRACT
Ayurveda is not exploited to the maximum extent in the islands. In order to provide a basic data for establishing Ayurvedic and allied pharmaceutical based industries, information of on fortyfour drugs available in the islands are provided in this first paper of the series.
