ABSTRACT
Germ Cell Tumours (GCTs) in children are uncommon, constituting approximately only 3% of all malignancies in children younger than 15 years of age. Primary extragonadal GCTs constitute only 1-5% of all GCTs and a retroperitoneal site is seen only in 4% of all extragonadal GCTs. Extragonadal GCTs arise from local transformation of primordial germ cells which have been misplaced during the migration of these cells through the midline dorsal mesentery in the fourth-sixth week of embryogenesis. GCTs in children show remarkable variability in age, site, presentation and histology. This is the case of a three-year-old male child who presented with a history of an abdominal swelling which was rapidly progressive in nature. Radiology showed a large retroperitoneal mass and lesions in the liver. Histopathology, immunohistochemistry and serum Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) values confirmed a diagnosis of pure primary extragonadal yolk sac tumour.
ABSTRACT
Cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma can present either as a primary disease or as secondary to a pre-existing systemic anaplastic lymphoma. Distinguishing primary cutaneous anaplastic lymphoma (PC-ALCL) from its systemic counterpart requires a complete clinical and laboratory workup. We hereby report a case of PC-ALCL in a young adult, who presented with unusual rapidly progressive ulcerated mass in the neck. Biopsy showed anaplastic large cells, which were strongly positive for CD30 and CD25 but ALK1 gene product was negative. Clinical examination and computed tomography (CT) scan ruled out extracutaneous involvement. Chemotherapy with 6 cycles of CHOP regimen was planned and on follow-up, a complete remission of the lesion was attained.
Subject(s)
Diagnosis, Differential , Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/pathology , Lymphoma, Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell/drug therapy , Lymphoma, Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell/pathology , Adolescent , Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage , Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage , Doxorubicin/administration & dosage , Humans , Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/diagnostic imaging , Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/drug therapy , Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/genetics , Lymphoma, Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell/diagnostic imaging , Lymphoma, Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell/genetics , Male , Prednisolone/administration & dosage , Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Vincristine/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Gynandroblastoma is a rare ovarian mixed sex cord stromal tumour with very few cases reported in literature. These tumours are considered to be potentially malignant. Here a case of gynandroblastoma occurring in a 30-year female is reported who gave history of irregular menstrual bleeding and pain abdomen, there were no signs of virilisation. Computed tomography scan showed a left adnexal mixed density pelvic mass suggesting malignant ovarian tumour. Histological study revealed, the tumour was composed of mixed sex cord elements with predominantly intermediate differentiated Sertoli-Leydig cell component and a second adult type granulosa cell component.
