ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo study the effect of Bazi Bushen capsules on delaying the aging process of naturally aging mice and its mechanism. MethodThe mice were randomly divided into four groups according to their body weight， namely， aging group， low-dose Bazi Bushen capsules group （1 g·kg-1）， high-dose Bazi Bushen capsules group （2 g·kg-1）， and rapamycin group （0.002 g·kg-1）. The debilitating signs were detected by behavioral tests and the weakness index was measured. The percentages of spleen T and B lymphocytes， effector T cells （TE）， memory T cells （TM）， naive T cells （TN）， helper T cells （Th）， cytotoxic T cells （Tc） ，Th1 cells， Th2 cells， and regulatory T cells （Treg） were determined by flow cytometry. Cell proliferation and the cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay was used to detect the proliferation of lymphocytes in mice. The hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the histopathological changes in the mouse spleen. The expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A （p16） and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A （p21） was detected by immunohistochemistry （IHC）. The mRNA expression of senescence-related proteins p16 and p21 was determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， and the inflammatory cytokines， including tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interferon-γ （IFN-γ）， interleukin （IL）-1β， IL-2， IL-4， IL-10， and IL-12 p70， in peripheral blood of mice were detected by Luminex. ResultAs compared with the aging group， mice in the Bazi Bushen capsules and rapamycin groups showed significantly improved debilitating signs and reduced weakness index scores （P<0.05， P<0.01）， increased proportions of T cells， TN cells， Tc cells， Th2 cells， and Treg cells in the spleen， decreased proportions of TE cells， TM cells， Th cells， Th1 cells （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and increased proliferation of splenic lymphocytes （P<0.05， P<0.01）. In the Bazi Bushen capsules and rapamycin groups， clear structure of the red and white marrow marginal zone was observed in the spleen of mice， the area of the white marrow was increased， and the area of the red marrow was correspondingly decreased. The protein and mRNA expression of aging-related proteins p16 and p21 in the spleen was decreased （P<0.01）， the levels of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β， IL-2， IL-12 p70， IFN-γ， and TNF-α levels were decreased， and the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 were increased （P<0.05， P<0.01） in the Bazi Bushen capsules and rapamycin groups as compared with the aging group. ConclusionBazi Bushen capsules have the effect of regulating the debilitating signs of natural aging mice， regulating the immune homeostasis and inflammation level of the body， and reducing cell aging.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE： To extablish the method for blood concentration determination of mitoxantrone in rats， and to study the pharamokinetics of mitoxantrone in rats. METHODS： Totally 6 SD rats were collected and given mitoxantrone 5 mg/kg via tail vein. The blood samples 0.3 mL were collected before medication and 5， 10， 20， 40， 60， 120， 240， 480， 720 min after medication. Blood samples were placed in heparinized EP tube， and the plasma was centrifuged and separated. After adding silica gel， the plasma were ground and mixed well， then added into methanol solution containing 0.5 mol/L hydrochloric acid to precipitate protein. After grinding and mixing， the supernatant was centrifuged and dried with nitrogen and then dissolved with mobile phase. HPLC method was adopted to determine the plasma concentration of mitoxantrone. The determination was performed on ZORBAX SB-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of 20 mmol/L ammonium acetate （pH adjusted to 2.0 with hydrochloric acid）-methanol （65 ∶ 35， V/V） at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 244 nm， and column temperature was 30 ℃. The sample size was 20 μL. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with DAS 3.0 software. RESULTS： The linear range of mitoxantrone were 200-10 000 μg/L （r＝0.999 6， n＝6）. The lower limit of quantitation was 200 μg/L， and the limit of detection was 150 μg/L， respectively. RSDs of intra-day and inter-day precision and stability were all lower than 8.0％ （n＝5， 3， 6， respectively）. The extraction recoveries were （85.64±3.93）％-（92.31±1.68）％ （n＝3）. The recoveries of accuracy test were （93.58±1.42）％-（113.92±2.74）％ （n＝3）. The pharmacokinetic parameters of mitoxantrone were as follows as AUC0-720 min was （5 247.1±474.6.0） μg·h/L； t1 /2z was （24.88±6.94） h； CLZ was （0.46±0.09） L/（h·kg）； Vz was （11.07±2.64） L/kg. CONCLUSIONS： The method has recovery and good repeatability， and is suitable for the determination of blood concentration of mitoxantrone and its pharmacokinetic research.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate and analyze the present situation and needs of the rehabilitation engineering profession. Methods It was investigated with questionnaire, interview to the hospitals and companies with or for assistive devices services, industry association and similar institutions, etc. The literatures were also reviewed. Results The industry of rehabilitation engineering is facing opportunities for de-velopment, and need a mass of professions of rehabilitation engineering technology, especially those of prosthetist, orthotist and technical support, etc. Conclusion The rehabilitation engineering technology is developing widely. The courses should be reformed to meet the differ-ent needs based on the standards and specifications.
