ABSTRACT
There was revealed the structure of deteriorations in the nutritional status of schoolchildren in the city: the most of students has normal nutritional status, but there was noted the high prevalence of excessive body weight and obesity among children and teenagers. Risk factors for development of deteriorations of the nutrition state were detected as follows: irrational food regimen, qualitative compartment offood, factors of educational environment, lifestyle. The main role in system of control of the nutritional status in children is referred to the correction of socio-hygienic factors which prove to be the priority ones in the shaping of the nutritional status in students. As the main condition determining the nutrition state of the up-to-date schoolchildren and the quality of their life in the whole the social cultural level of children and adolescents must be regarded as a result of the hygienic education and training in fundamentals of healthy lifestyle. Priority protective factors of the gain in the part of schoolchildren with normal nutritional status (optimalfood regimen, optimal dietary habits, sufficient level of physical activity) laidfrom the child age in conditions of the family, sufficient level of the physical activity and the implementation of the other element of hygienically expedient day regimen served as the base for the elaboration of the system of the control of nutritional status. Algorithm of the control of the nutritional status in the students of educational institutions includes the creation of healthcare educational environment, optimization of nutrition and physical activity, the shaping of the culture of healthy lifestyle, health-improving measures for children with disorders of nutritional status and their psychological pedagogical supports at the stage of the correction of the nutritional status, improvement of the medical service for the early detection of deviations of nutritional status with the estimation of the efficiency of the system ofpreventive and health-improving measures.
Subject(s)
Exercise , Feeding Behavior , Nutritional Status , School Health Services , Adolescent , Child , Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Feeding Behavior/psychology , Female , Health Status Disparities , Humans , Male , Needs Assessment , Population , Risk Factors , Russia/epidemiology , School Health Services/organization & administration , School Health Services/standards , Social EnvironmentABSTRACT
The authors made a complex evaluation of the physical development of 7-16-year-old rural schoolchildren from a large administrative territorial entity and developed age-gender-related standards, by using the percentile technique. There were significant morphofunctional differences between the urban and rural schoolchildren at the present stage of a secular trend, which determines the necessity of developing the physical development standards for rural children and adolescents in order to correctly interpret the data on their health status.
Subject(s)
Adolescent Development/physiology , Child Development/physiology , Health Status Indicators , Rural Population , Students , Adolescent , Age Factors , Anthropometry , Child , Female , Hemodynamics/physiology , Humans , Male , Puberty/physiology , Respiratory Physiological Phenomena , Sex Characteristics , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
The dose-rate effect of acute and chronic irradiation in the dose of 0.2 Gy in Drosophila melanogaster repair (mei-41, mus209 [Russian character: see text] mus309) and free radicals detoxication (sod) mutant strains was investigated. Was shown the lack of dose rate effect on the rate of dominant lethal mutations in mei-41, mus209 and sod. However in mus309, that has defect in the main Drosophila pathway of the DNA double strand breack repair, the increase of the mutation rate after chronic irradiation was observed (inverse dose-rate effect). The obtained results suggest the main role of DNA double strand breack repair in dose-rate effect formation in Drosophila.
