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1.
Molecules ; 28(22)2023 Nov 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38005330

ABSTRACT

The protective effect of biochanin A (BCA) on the histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and biochemistry of thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver cirrhosis in vivo was investigated. There was a significant reduction in liver weight and hepatocyte propagation, with much lower cell injury in rat groups treated with BCA (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) following a TAA induction. These groups had significantly lower levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). The liver homogenates showed increased antioxidant enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), as well as decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The serum biomarkers associated with liver function, namely alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma glutamyl transaminase (GGT), returned to normal levels, comparable to those observed in both the normal control group and the reference control group. Taken together, the normal microanatomy of hepatocytes, the inhibition of PCNA and α-SMA, improved antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx), and condensed MDA with repairs of liver biomarkers validated BCA's hepatoprotective effect.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury , Rats , Animals , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Thioacetamide/pharmacology , Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen , Oxidative Stress , Rats, Wistar , Liver , Liver Cirrhosis/chemically induced , Liver Cirrhosis/drug therapy , Liver Cirrhosis/pathology , Alanine Transaminase , Superoxide Dismutase/pharmacology , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/pathology , Aspartate Aminotransferases
2.
Biomed Pharmacother ; 154: 113550, 2022 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35994814

ABSTRACT

Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have unique properties and display an important role in bioactivities such as antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, and anticancer. Stable Ag NPs were prepared by reaction of silver nitrate solution with extract of Melissa and characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, AFM, SEM, XRD, and Zeta potential. The resulted Ag NPs have a size range between 20 and 35 nm. The current study aims to evaluate the gastroprotective effect of Ag NPs against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats. Thirty rats were randomly divided into five groups. The experimental groups were fed 175 and 350 ppm/p.o of Ag NPs orally. Ag NPs improved the adversative influence of ethanol-induced stomach damage as confirmed by declining ulcer index and raised the percentage of ulcer prevention. Significantly reduced ethanol-induced gastric lesions were evidenced by increased mucus secretion and pH of stomach content, decreased ulcer area, nonappearance of edema, and leucocyte penetration of the subcutaneous layer. In gastric homogenate, Ag NPs displayed a substantial upsurge in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, and significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels., Ag NPs increased the intensity of periodic acid Schiff stained (PAS) and produced over-regulation of HSP-70 and down-regulation of Bax proteins. Ag NPs confirmed gastro-protection which might be attributed to its antioxidant effect, increased mucus secretion, increased SOD, and CAT, reduced MDA level, over-regulation of HSP-70 protein, and down-regulation of Bax protein.


Subject(s)
Anti-Ulcer Agents , Metal Nanoparticles , Stomach Ulcer , Animals , Anti-Ulcer Agents/adverse effects , Antioxidants/metabolism , Ethanol/pharmacology , Gastric Mucosa , HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Silver/pharmacology , Stomach Ulcer/chemically induced , Stomach Ulcer/drug therapy , Stomach Ulcer/prevention & control , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Ulcer/drug therapy , Ulcer/metabolism , Ulcer/pathology
3.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) ; 68(8): 34-40, 2022 Aug 31.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36800842

ABSTRACT

Streptococcus sanguinis is a teeth commensal frontier colonizer and among the most common species in the oral biofilm. Dental plaque, caries, and gingivitis/periodontitis are caused by dysbiosis of oral flora. A biofilm assay was developed to investigate biofilm formation in S. sanguinis using the microtiter plate, tube, and Congo red agar methods in order to identify causing bacteria and determine responsible genes. Three genes, including pur B, thr B, and pyre E, were suspected of playing a role in forming in vivo biofilms in S. sanguinis. The present study shows these genes to be responsible for increased biofilm formation in gingivitis patients.


Subject(s)
Gingivitis , Microbiota , Humans , Streptococcus sanguis/genetics , Biofilms , Gingivitis/genetics
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