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Background: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), a premalignant condition, demands early diagnosis and treatment for an improved prognosis of the patients. Being a chronic inflammatory disease, various markers of inflammation can be used to predict the prognosis of the disease. The present study was undertaken to assess the plasma levels of fibrinogen degradation products (FDPs), D-dimer, and mast cell density (MCD) in patients with OSF. Materials and Methods: Forty histopathologically confirmed cases of OSF and 10 age- and sex-matched individuals were included in the study. Two ml of venous blood was obtained from all the study participants and was evaluated for the levels of FDPs, d-dimer, and mast cell densities. Results: Comparison of mean plasma levels of FDPs and D-dimer showed a statistically significant increase with the increase in the grades of OSF. Also, a significant association was evident between the plasma FDPs and D-dimer levels. The values of mean mast cell densities from grade I to grade IV OSF were 191.1/mm2, 258.5/mm2, 182.4/mm2, and 165.7/mm2, respectively, and were significantly higher than the value in NOM i.e., 86.5/mm2. There was a statistically significant increase in the values of mast cell densities from grade I to grade II OSF, with grade II OSF showing the highest mast cell densities among all the grades, and the values decreased toward grades III and IV OSF, with grade IV showing the least mast cell densities. Conclusion: Excessive areca nut chewing may stimulate collagen synthesis by fibroblasts, enhancing fibrosis, and in turn, raising the plasma fibrinogen levels and thereby the FDPs and d-dimers associated with the advancement of the grade of OSF.
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INTRODUCTION: Odontogenic tumors (OTs) are a heterogeneous group of lesions that are derived from odontogenic apparatus comprised of odontogenic epithelium, ectomesenchyme, and/ or mesenchymal elements. The OTs show marked geographical variation. This study was conducted to analyze the epidemiology and clinicopathological presentation of OTs based on age, sex, and site. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted in Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology. Records were reviewed retrospectively for all the lesions of oral cavity from January 2010 to December 2015. A total of 92 lesions were found to be OTs and were classified into benign and malignant tumors. They were further subdivided into three subtypes based on the types of odontogenic tissues involved. These were epithelial OTs (EOTs), mixed OTs (MIXOTs), and mesenchymal OTs (MOTs). RESULTS: Of 92 OTs, 84 were benign (males 48, females 36) and 8 were malignant (male 2, females 6). The most common benign tumor was ameloblastoma (AME) (20), followed by keratocystic OT (KCOT) (17), calcifying EOT (CEOT) (14), compound odontome (OD-Cd) (12), complex odontome (OD-Cx) (10), odontogenic fibroma (OF) (5), odontogenic myxoma (OM) (4), and cementoblastoma (CB) (2). The most common malignant tumor was primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma (PIOSCC) (3) followed by fibrosarcoma (FS) (3) and ameloblastic carcinoma (AC). CONCLUSION: Author concluded that there was geographic and demographic variation in distribution of OTs, which may be attributed to socioeconomic and genetic factors. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Literature showing prevalence of OTs in India is negligible. By this article, we have analyzed the frequency of various OTs according to sex, age, and site. A comprehensive record of OTs should be started so that pathologists and surgeons would be able to acquire the information about the tumor for reference in the future.
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Odontogenic Tumors/epidemiology , Odontogenic Tumors/pathology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors , Young AdultABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Basal cell adenoma (BCA) of the salivary glands is a rare benign salivary gland tumour. Differentiation of BCA from varied entities involving maxillofacial area is mandatory. AIM: To analyze the clinicopathological, histopathologic features, immunohistochemcal analysis and surgical considerations of this rare entity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 12 cases of BCA from archives of department reported over the period of 13 years. All the pertaining clinicopathologic features such as incidence, age, sex and site of lesions were assessed. Tissue sections were stained by using panel of immunohistochemical markers, i.e. Pan CK, CK 5/6 and S100, Calponin, p63, CD 117 and smooth muscle actin. RESULTS: BCA was observed in 26-52 years age group (mean age, 38.75 years) with female propensity of 7:5 male to female ratio. It is seen more commonly in parotid gland, followed by upper lip, buccal mucosa and palate. Solid type is the most common histopathologic type followed by tubular, membranous and trabecular. Only one case of membranous type of BCA showed recurrence. Pan CK, CK 5/6 showed strong immunoreactivity, calponin showed moderate staining, p63 and Ki-67 mild staining, whereas CD 117 and SMA showed negative immunostaining. CONCLUSION: Vigilant comprehensive analysis of all the pertaining clinicopathologic and histopathologic features and immunohistochemical analysis are required for differentiating from other lesions with basaloid differentiation having varying prognosis.
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AIM: To evaluate retention of complete denture base with different types of posterior palatal seals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ten male patients between the age group of 50 years to 60 years were selected for the study. After the primary and secondary impressions were taken, five casts were made including a cast without posterior palatal seal, a cast with single bead posterior palatal seal, a cast with double bead posterior palatal seal, a cast with butterfly shaped posterior palatal seal, and a cast with posterior palatal seal with low fusing compound by functional method. RESULTS: It was observed that retention increased up to 108% in the posterior palatal seal with low fusing compound with functional method and the posterior palatal seal that was obtained by using functional method provided greater retention than a denture base without posterior palatal seal. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the incorporation of a posterior palatal seal is important for obtaining optimum retention of the maxillary complete denture.
