Pd(II)-Catalyzed oxidative alkenylation of 4-hydroxycoumarin with maleimide via a C-H bond activation strategy.

A Pd(ii)-catalyzed oxidative alkenylation of 4-hydroxycoumarins with maleimides for the synthesis of 4-hydroxy-3-maleimidecoumarins has been described. This methodology proceeds via C-H activation and C(sp2)-C(sp2) bond formation providing a series of alkenylated Heck-type products.

Ultra-Early Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Prophylaxis in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage (sICH).

OBJECTIVE: To determine if ultra-early (<24 h) venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis was associated with hematoma growth in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). BACKGROUND: Patients with ICH have a high risk of VTE. Pharmacological prophylaxis such as unfractionated heparin (UFH) have been demonstrated to reduce VTE. However, published datasets exclude patients with recent ICH out of concern for hematoma enlargement. American Heart/Stroke Association guidelines recommend UFH 1-4 days after hematoma stabilization while the European Stroke Organization has no recommendations on when to begin UFH. Our institutional practice is to obtain stability CT scans at 6 to 24 h and to begin UFH following documented clinical and radiologic stability. We examined the impact of this practice on hematoma expansion. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of consecutive ICH patients treated at a single tertiary academic referral center in the US. Demographic and clinical characteristics were abstracted. ICH volume was measured via 3D volumetrics for a CT head done on admission, follow-up stability, and prior to discharge. The primary outcome was analyzed as ≥3 mL hematoma enlargement. Secondary outcomes include hematoma expansion of ≥6mL and ≥ 33%, length of stay (LOS), discharge disposition and mortality. RESULTS: A total of 163 ICH patients were analyzed. There were 58 (35.6%) patients in the ultra-early UFH group and UFH was initiated on average at 13.8 h from initial scan. There were 105 (64.6%) patients in the standard group who initiated UFH at an average of 46.6 h. The primary outcome of hematoma enlargement ≥3 mL was observed in 2/58(3.4%) patients with ultra-early initiation of UFH and in 7/105(6.7%) in the standard group (p=0.49). Secondary outcomes were not significant including hematoma expansion in the ultra-early group ≥ 6 mL 3/58 (5.2%) and ≥33% 7/58 (12.1%) (p=0.91, 0.61, respectively) as well as mortality or LOS. CONCLUSION: Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis started ultra-early (≤24 h) after ICH was not associated with hematoma expansion.

Arterial and venous strokes in the setting of COVID-19.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic that causes flu-like symptoms. There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that both the central and peripheral nervous systems can be affected by SARS-CoV-2, including stroke. We present three cases of arterial ischemic strokes and one venous infarction from a cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in the setting of COVID-19 infection who otherwise had low risk factors for stroke. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed patients presenting to a large tertiary care academic US hospital with stroke and who tested positive for COVID-19. Medical records were reviewed for demographics, imaging results and lab findings. RESULTS: There were 3 cases of arterial ischemic strokes and 1 case of venous stroke: 3 males and 1 female. The mean age was 55 (48-70) years. All arterial strokes presented with large vessel occlusions and had mechanical thrombectomy performed. Two cases presented with stroke despite being on full anticoagulation. CONCLUSIONS: It is important to recognize the neurological manifestations of COVID-19, especially ischemic stroke, either arterial or venous in nature. Hypercoagulability and the cytokine surge are perhaps the cause of ischemic stroke in these patients. Further studies are needed to understand the role of anticoagulation in these patients.

Pd(II)-Catalyzed Oxidative Annulation via Double C-H Activations: Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Bis-Coumarins.

A Pd(II)-catalyzed oxidative annulation reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin and arylcarboxylic acid via double C-H bond activations has been accomplished for the synthesis of bis-coumarins. This synthetic strategy provides a wide range of structurally diversified bis-coumarins in moderate to good yields with a variety of functional group compatibility. Moreover, photophysical properties of synthesized bis-coumarins have been evaluated, which reveals their interesting fluorescent properties.

Correction: A metal-free cascade reaction of ß-halo-α,ß-unsaturated aldehydes and 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diols: synthesis of polycyclic 2-formylthiophenes.

Correction for 'A metal-free cascade reaction of ß-halo-α,ß-unsaturated aldehydes and 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diols: synthesis of polycyclic 2-formylthiophenes' by Limi Goswami et al., Org. Biomol. Chem., 2017, 15, 6470-6473.

A metal-free cascade reaction of ß-halo-α,ß-unsaturated aldehydes and 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diols: synthesis of polycyclic 2-formylthiophenes.

A metal-free cascade reaction strategy has been developed for the synthesis of novel polycyclic 2-formylthiophenes from ß-halo-α,ß-unsaturated aldehydes and 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diols. A recyclable polymer supported organic base was used to perform the reaction process. This synthetic protocol was applied to synthesize several novel polycyclic thiophenes including steroidal D-ring annelated thiophene. Our synthetic strategy provides a high yield of thiophenes, avoids a tedious work-up procedure and minimizes the formation of waste.

Synthesis of 1-Azaanthraquinone: Sequential C-N Bond Formation/Lewis Acid Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclization Strategy.

A synthetic strategy has been developed for the synthesis of 1-azaanthraquinones. This synthetic protocol consists of sequential Pd-catalyzed carbon-nitrogen bond formation followed by Lewis acid catalyzed intramolecular cyclization. The Pd-catalyzed aminated intermediate was isolated and characterized. This sequential reactions strategy provides a wide range of 1-azaanthraquinones with good yields.

Rituximab monotherapy for splenic marginal zone lymphoma.

In this retrospective study, rituximab was found to be effective therapy in 10 of 11 patients with splenic marginal zone lymphoma, inducing prompt reduction in splenomegaly, improvement in blood counts in 9 patients and clearance of a pleural effusion in 1 patient. Median response duration was 21 months (range 4 to 37 months). Two patients who relapsed at 21 and 23 months responded to retreatment. Rituximab should be considered in patients who are poor candidates for splenectomy.