ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To study the clinico-pathological pattern of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with dietary, smoking and tobacco consumption habits in the Northeastern region of India. METHODS: This is a retrospective study on 200 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who were registered in Regional Cancer Centre, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Manipur from July 2004 to July 2009. RESULTS: There were 139 males and 61 females (ratio 2.2:1). with a mean age of 49.7±15.9 years. The commonest presenting symptoms were neck swelling (78.0%) followed by nasal obstruction (35.5%) and epistaxis (27.5%). Histopathologically, undifferentiated carcinoma type (Type III, WHO) was the commonest (75.0%) followed by differentiated non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (15.0%) and keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (10.0%). 25% of total patients had cranial nerve(CN) involvement, the commonly involved CN being V (28.8%) followed by VI 26.9%) and X (25.0%). Of the total 200 patients, 88.0% had history of regular intake of smoked meat, 62.0% admitted regular intake of poorly preserved fermented foods, only 19.0% consumed fresh fruits (at least 4 times a month). Majority of patients (47.0%) chewed tobacco in different forms and (51.0%) smoked at least for 15 years. 186 patients (93.0%) lived in poorly ventilated houses with history of exposure to household smoke from burning firewood. CONCLUSION: High incidence of NPC in Northeastern India is highlighted in this study. Early detection and early treatment to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with NPC in addition to imparting awareness on how to prevent the disease to general population is needed in this region.
Subject(s)
Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/mortality , Adult , Aged , Carcinoma , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Diet , Female , Humans , India/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/pathology , Nasopharynx/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Smoking , Survival Rate , Tobacco Use DisorderABSTRACT
Papillary carcinoma is the most common malignant tumour of thyroid gland which can occur in any age group with most tumours diagnosed in the third and fifth decades predominantly in the females. FNAC is emerging as the first line of investigation for any thyroid enlargement including tumours as a safe, rapid and cost -effective procedure. Many studies have reported diagnostic accuracy of FNAC in detecting neoplasms. The present study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of FNAC in the cytodiagnosis of papillary carcinoma and to highlight the clinco-pathologic correlation. A total of 37 cases were diagnose cytologically as papillary carcinoma, out ofwhich 28 cases were histologically proved. The remaining 9 cases were not available for biopsy. It was observed that careful cytomorphologic assessment with particular attention to cellular arrangement and nuclear characteristics aided in the correct diagnosis.
