ABSTRACT
A 15-year-old male with congenital HIV infection was diagnosed with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) at age 4 years 9 months. HIV was initially treated with zidovudine. For the last >10 years he has received didanosine, lamivudine, and nelfinavir. CML was treated with Interferon alfa (INF-alpha) for >10 years and a brief course of hydroxyurea (HU). He remained in chronic phase CML since diagnosis however recent molecular monitoring revealed increased BCR/ABL transcripts necessitating a change in therapy to imatinib. The very prolonged chronic phase of CML in this patient has been unexpected especially in light of the underlying congenital HIV infection.
Subject(s)
HIV Infections/congenital , HIV Infections/complications , Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase/drug therapy , Adolescent , Humans , Male , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Electron-beam computed tomography is an imaging technology with a variety of medical applications, primarily in cardiology due to its sub-second acquisition time enabling visualization of a beating heart. Recently, this technique has also been introduced into other fields because of lower radiation exposure compared to traditional computed tomography, as well as the strengths of post-procedural three-dimensional visualization. This report evaluates electron-beam computed tomography as a diagnostic modality in pediatric nephrology patients. Seven patients reflecting typical clinical scenarios in pediatric nephrology were reviewed with regard to the value of electron-beam computed tomography and its contribution to the diagnostic workup. Electron-beam computed tomography is noninvasive and allows three-dimensional post-processing, enabling highly accurate images while requiring less radiation and acquisition time. It is very useful for clinical questions that require a detailed description of vascular and renal anatomy.