ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Cognitive Rehabilitation Therapy (CRT) is efficacious in remediating cognitive deficits, and has been demonstrated to be effective in a school setting. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on pediatric CRT as it relates to successful re-integration of TBI survivors into the school system and community. METHODS: This systematic review of the literature suggests that social re-integration strategies which incorporate problem-solving, reasoning, self-awareness, and positive social skills within a developmental framework are the most effective techniques for Pediatric CRT. RESULTS: Children and adolescents with cognitive impairments benefit from a holistic approach to rehabilitation which incorporates developmental, social, and emotional considerations, as well as, cognitive rehabilitation techniques. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review identifies several avenues for effective therapeutic interventions for school aged TBI survivors. Many are supported by laboratory based efficacy studies. Future research should investigate optimal ages for particular treatments, as well as, the effectiveness of treatments across different social settings.
Subject(s)
Brain Injuries/rehabilitation , Cognition Disorders/rehabilitation , Cognition , Schools , Adolescent , Brain Injuries/complications , Child , Cognition Disorders/etiology , Humans , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Many studies have investigated the impact of pediatric Cognitive Rehabilitation Therapy (CRT) upon intellectual functioning after traumatic brain injury; however, relatively few have identified efficacious treatment in a school setting. OBJECTIVE: The purpose is to present a variety of CRT strategies that would be useful to a teacher or therapist working with students who are learning disabled or who have who have had a traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS: This article investigates the particular challenges in learning which result from impaired cognition, and suggests techniques for improving memory and executive functioning. RESULTS: Students who are learning disabled or who have TBI face social and emotional issues that impact their learning. Special therapeutic interventions are necessary to assist with orienting to their setting, integrating with peers, and coping with distressing emotions. CONCLUSIONS: Students with TBI can adapt and flourish in a school based setting provided that therapies and learned strategies are targeted to their specific needs.
