ABSTRACT
We studied the cardioprotective effect of 2,6-diisobornyl-4-methylphenol under conditions of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Daily administration of 2,6-diisobornyl-4-methylphenol (100 mg/kg intragastrically) over 3 days before and 5 days after modeling of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion prevented the increase in the infarction area by almost 2 times in comparison with the control by day 5 after recirculation. The type and severity of pathological changes in ECG parameters reflecting necrotic changes in the myocardium under the action of the compound significantly decreased by day 35 of the experiment. Animal survival rate during the first 24 h after ischemia/reperfusion modeling in the experimental group was by 29% higher than in the control group.
Subject(s)
Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/pharmacology , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Boron Compounds/pharmacology , Cardiotonic Agents/pharmacology , Cresols/pharmacology , Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy , Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/drug therapy , Animals , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/chemical synthesis , Antioxidants/chemical synthesis , Boron Compounds/chemical synthesis , Cardiotonic Agents/chemical synthesis , Coronary Occlusion/drug therapy , Coronary Occlusion/mortality , Coronary Occlusion/physiopathology , Coronary Vessels/surgery , Cresols/chemical synthesis , Drug Administration Schedule , Gastric Absorption , Heart Rate/drug effects , Male , Myocardial Infarction/mortality , Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology , Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/mortality , Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/physiopathology , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Survival AnalysisABSTRACT
Comparative analysis of the groups of patients with idiopathic bilateral vestibular hypofunction and a group of vestibulopathy patients with vertebrobasilar insufficiency demonstrated identity of the basic and additional diagnostic parameters in these syndromes as well as similarity in clinical diagnostic and anamnesis data. In all cases, functional assessment of endothelium-dependent vasodilation and selected biochemical marker sICAM-1 revealed endothelial dysfunction. Drug correction of endothelial dysfunction positively affected the manifestations of major and minor features of the syndrome, which confirmed the contribution of endothelial functional disturbances to the pathogenesis of bilateral vestibular hypofunction.
Subject(s)
Bilateral Vestibulopathy/physiopathology , Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology , Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency/physiopathology , Vertigo/physiopathology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Audiometry , Bilateral Vestibulopathy/diagnostic imaging , Bilateral Vestibulopathy/drug therapy , Bilateral Vestibulopathy/metabolism , Biomarkers/metabolism , Caloric Tests , Endothelium, Vascular/diagnostic imaging , Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects , Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism , Female , Glycosaminoglycans/therapeutic use , Humans , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism , Male , Middle Aged , Ultrasonography, Interventional , Vasodilation , Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency/diagnostic imaging , Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency/drug therapy , Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency/metabolism , Vertigo/diagnostic imaging , Vertigo/drug therapy , Vertigo/metabolismABSTRACT
We propose a new approach to optimization of electrical stimulation of the vestibular nerve and improving the transfer function of vestibular implant. A mathematical model of the vestibular organ is developed based on its anatomy, the model premises, 3D-analysis of MRI and CT images, and mathematical description of physical processes underlying propagation of alternating electric current across the tissues of vestibular labyrinth. This approach was tested in vitro on the rat vestibular apparatus and had been examined anatomically prior to the development of its mathematical model and equivalent electrical circuit. The experimental and theoretical values of changes of the gain-phase characteristics of vestibular tissues in relation to location of the reference electrode obtained in this study can be used to optimize the electrical stimulation of vestibular nerve.
Subject(s)
Models, Anatomic , Synaptic Transmission/physiology , Vestibular Nerve/physiology , Vestibule, Labyrinth/physiology , Animals , Computer Simulation , Electric Conductivity , Electric Stimulation , Electrodes , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Tissue Culture Techniques , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Vestibular Nerve/anatomy & histology , Vestibular Nerve/diagnostic imaging , Vestibule, Labyrinth/anatomy & histology , Vestibule, Labyrinth/diagnostic imaging , Vestibule, Labyrinth/innervationABSTRACT
We studied the effects of novel sterically hindered phenol, 4-methyl-2,6-diisobornyl phenol (dibornol) on the rheological properties of the blood in the model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. Dibornol (100 mg/kg intraperitoneally for 3 days before and 5 days after ischemia/reperfusion) decreased blood viscosity by 9-25% in comparison with that in sham-operatedanimals by modulating cellular (erythrocyte deformability and aggregation) and plasma (plasma viscosity) rheological parameters. Normalization of blood rheology under the influence of dibornol increased the availability of oxygen to tissues at high shear rates by 9-18% after acute ischemia/reperfusion in rats.
