Fixed drug combination (levosulpiride and rabeprazole)-induced atypical Parkinsonian's disorders with associated anxiety and low-lying depression.

We hereby describe a rare case of levosulpiride-induced atypical parkinsonism presenting with sluggish movements, atypical kinetic tremors (tremors with voluntary movement), periorbital tremors, dystonia, difficulty in speech and coordination, postural imbalance, with additional features of difficulty in swallowing and drooling with associated recent onset psychiatric disturbances such as anxiety and low-lying depression. The dechallenge of levosulpiride and medications for associated anxiety and low-lying depression caused a complete remission of the disease within 2 ½ months.

Crumpled MXene nanosheets for sensing of ascorbic acid in food, biological fluids, and erythrocytes in-vitro microenvironment.

In this work, a simple and facile method was developed to achieve controlled oxidation and enhance the surface area of MXene nanosheets and their utilization in the efficient sensing of ascorbic acid (AA or vitamin C). After etching of MAX phase to MXene via the MILD technique, controlled flash oxidation was carried out in the open air environment for 1.5 h, followed by flocculation of oxidized MXene nanosheets by using H2SO4, consequently achieving crumpled MXene possessing anatase phase, porosity, and improved surface area as revealed and confirmed by SEM, TEM, Raman, and BET analysis results. The as-prepared crumpled MXene was coated over a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and used to determine AA successfully via cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) with a linear concentration range of 300 µM to 0.005 µM with a detection limit (LOD) of 2 nM (2.8 % RSD and S/N = 3). The developed electrochemical sensor was used to determine the AA in various actual samples such as juice, urine, serum, and erythrocytes spiked with AA with excellent recoveries in the 94-103 % range. The sensor also demonstrated excellent reproducibility (~1 % RSD for five repetitive assays) and a shelf life of nearly one month with a negligible decrease in response. Furthermore, it lost only 10 % of its response for the next ten days. It also showed satisfactory selectivity toward AA in the presence of other similar compounds, including uric acid (UA), dopamine (DA), and glucose.

Picomolar or beyond Limit of Detection Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Electrochemical Sensors: A Review.

Over the last decades, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have emerged as selective synthetic receptors that have a selective binding site for specific analytes/target molecules. MIPs are synthetic analogues to the natural biological antigen-antibody system. Owing to the advantages they exhibit, such as high stability, simple synthetic procedure, and cost-effectiveness, MIPs have been widely used as receptors/sensors for the detection and monitoring of a variety of analytes. Moreover, integrating electrochemical sensors with MIPs offers a promising approach and demonstrates greater potential over traditional MIPs. In this review, we have compiled the methods and techniques for the production of MIP-based electrochemical sensors along with the applications of reported MIP sensors for a variety of analytes. A comprehensive in-depth analysis of recent trends reported on picomolar (pM/10-12 M)) and beyond picomolar concentration LOD (≥pM) achieved using MIPs sensors is reported. Finally, we discuss the challenges faced and put forward future perspectives along with our conclusion.