ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: The current global health crisis due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has prompted the medical community to investigate the effects of underlying medical conditions, including sleep-disordered breathing, on inpatient care. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common form of sleep-disordered breathing that may complicate numerous acquired conditions, particularly in inpatient and critical care settings. Viral pneumonia is a major contributor to intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and often presents more severely in patients with underlying pulmonary disease, especially those with obesity and OSA. This review summarizes the most recent data regarding complications of both OSA and obesity and highlights their impact on clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients. Additionally, it will highlight pertinent evidence for the complications of OSA in an organ-systems approach. Finally, this review will also discuss impatient treatment approaches for OSA, particularly in relation to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/epidemiology , Obesity/epidemiology , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/epidemiology , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/physiopathology , COVID-19/physiopathology , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Humans , Intensive Care Units , Obesity/physiopathology , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology , Respiratory Tract Infections/physiopathology , Risk Factors , SARS-CoV-2 , Severity of Illness Index , SleepinessABSTRACT
Kratom is an unregulated kappa-opioid receptor agonist available for order on the internet that is used as a remedy for chronic pain. We present a case of a middle-aged man who suffered a cardiac arrest in the setting of kratom ingestion.
