ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To discuss the use of Certificates of Confidentiality in nursing research. ORGANIZING CONSTRUCT: In situations that are particularly complex, sensitive, and in which the participants are extremely vulnerable, a Certificate of Confidentiality issued by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) may be useful to help ensure the privacy of research participants. SOURCES: Theoretical and research literature, DHHS documents, and research experience. FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS: Not all research with vulnerable populations requires the additional protection provided by Certificates of Confidentiality. However, certificates may be indicated in studies in which participants and researchers may be exposed to compelled legal disclosure of research data.
Subject(s)
Certification , Confidentiality , Nursing Research/standards , United States Dept. of Health and Human Services , Humans , United StatesABSTRACT
Ninety-two adolescents with learning disabilities were randomly assigned to four groups to determine the effects of semantic and syntactic complexity on the reading comprehension of content area prose. One group served as a control and read a social studies passage without change. The three treatment groups read passages with syntactic and/or semantic modifications. Comprehension was significantly better for those groups reading passages with combined semantic and syntactic modifications and syntactic modifications alone, when compared to the control group. Semantic modifications alone did not significantly improve comprehension.
