[The results of 14-year cytogenetic monitoring of priority follow-up groups of Chernobyl accident victims]. / Rezul'taty 14-letnego tsitogeneticheskogo monitoringa kontingentov prioritetnogo nabliudeniia, postradavshikh ot deistviia faktorov avarii na Chernobyl'skoi AES.

The paper presents the results of 14-year (1987-2000) random cytogenetic monitoring of the Ukraine's population exposed to radiation due to the Chernobyl Atomic Power Plant accident. Conventional, G-banding, and molecular (FISH-WCP) cytogenetic methods were used to examine groups of victims exposed to radiation of varying intensity (reconvalescents diagnosed as having acute radiation disease, liquidators, Chernobyl power plant staff, and persons who had lived in the radionuclide-polluted areas, etc.). The examinees from all groups were found to have a considerable increase in the incidence of chromosomal aberrations in the peripheral lymphocytes as compared to their spontaneous levels. There was an interindividual variability in the chromosomal aberrations under identical radiation conditions. It was ascertained that even small human doses of long-term ionizing radiation could induce specific chromosomal aberrations. The findings show that conventional cytogenetic monitoring, and particularly by applying FISH and WCP methods, is an good procedure for assessing the human cell genetic apparatuses after radiation.

[The genetic effects in the somatic cells of persons working under chronic irradiation of different intensities after the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station]. / Geneticheskie éffekty v somaticheskikh kletkakh lits, rabotaiushchikh v usloviiakh khronicheskogo oblucheniia raznoi intensivnosti posle avarii na Chernobyl'skoi AES.

A complex genetic study of two groups from of Chernobyl NPP personnel (from "Shelter" unit and 3rd Block) has been carried out using classical cytogenetic and GPA methods. The first group was the most vulnerable from the viewpoint of accumulated dose (exceeding 25 cGy for the moment of study). Positive correlation between individual and group frequencies of cytogenetic markers of irradiation (stable and unstable chromosomes aberrations) and NO mutations in the GPA locus was found.

[Radiation-induced cytogenetic markers detected 8 years after the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station by different methods of analyzing metaphase chromosome preparations in persons who have had acute radiation sickness]. / Radioindutsirovannye tsitogeneticheskie markery, obnaruzhennye cherez 8 let posle avarii na ChAES pri razlichnykh sposobakh analiza preparatov metafaznykh khromosom u lits, perenesshikh ostruiu luchevuiu bolezn'.

A comparative cytogenetic observation of 10 patients suffered from acute radiation sickness of second and third degree as a result of Chernobyl accident has been carried out. The new data about the level of unstable and stable biomarkers of irradiation delayed exposure were established using conventional G-banding and FISH-staining.

[The cytogenetic monitoring of the victims of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station]. / Tsitogeneticheskii monitoring lits, postradavshikh ot avarii na Chernobyl'skoi AES.

The results of the cytogenetic monitoring of population groups that are critical with respect to the intensity of irradiation exposure (liquidators of the accident, including those who suffered from acute atomic disease) or to sensitivity of cell genome to irradiation (children living in zones with radioactive contamination) indicate a significant increase in the frequency of both chromosomal aberrations and markers of the irradiation effect in each of the groups and correlate with the ecologic situation in the regions studied.

[The detection of multiaberrant lymphocytes in the cytogenetic examination of different groups of people in contact with mutagenic factors]. / Vyiavlenie mul'tiaberrantnykh limfotsitov pri tsitogeneticheskom obsledovanii razlichnykh grupp liudei, kontaktiruiushchikh s mutagennymi faktorami.

Data are presented on the frequency of multi-aberrant cells in lymphocytes gained during the period from 1967 to 1992 in some groups of the USSR inhabitants, who contacted with different environment mutagenesis. It is shown that the results of the study of 1500 men give a possibility to account some groups of multi-aberrant cells not to be artifacts and to be induced by some of the mutagens studied.

[The cytogenetic indication of irradiation in persons exposed to the action of the factors in the Chernobyl accident]. / Tsitogeneticheskaia indikatsiia oblucheniia u lits, podvergshikhsia deistviiu faktorov Chernobyl'skoi avarii.

363 men who have been working under conditions of additional irradiation in terms from few hours to some months were cytogenetically examined to define individual irradiation. In 111 men with the known dose of irradiation (5-140 cGy), the results of cytogenetic evaluation indicated, as a rule, a less intensive irradiation than physical dosimetry. This could be caused by elimination of chromosome aberrations, individual sensitivity, peculiar irradiation situation, or in some cases by incorrect evaluation of dose. In 252 men with the unknown dose of irradiation a tentative level was determined as based on frequency of metaphases with chromosome type aberrations. According to the study the absorbed dose was below 25 cGy in 209 cases, 26-50 cGy in 39 cases, and reached 51-90 cGy in 4 cases.

[The cytogenetic effect in peripheral blood lymphocytes as an indicator of the effect on man of factors of the Chernobyl accident]. / Tsitogeneticheskii éffekt v limfotsitakh perifericheskoi krovi kak indikator deistviia na cheloveka faktorov Chernobyl'skoi avarii.

The data obtained confirm the possibility of both individual and population cytogenetic indication of the effect of low intensity radiation, exceeding the background level, and exhibit a positive correlation with the radio-ecological situation formed. The cytogenetic effect, that indicates the disturbance of the genome stability, might be considered as an indicator of a high probability of occurrence of pathologies, with a genetic component, in the subpopulations under study, compared to spontaneous level.

[Dynamics of the cytogenetic effect in re-examined individuals who have participated in eliminating the emergency at the Chernobyl Atomic Power Plant in various periods after irradiation]. / Dinamika tsitogeneticheskogo éffekta u povtorno obsledovannykh individov, prinimavshikh uchastie v likvidatsii avarii na Chernobyl'skoi AES, v razlichnye sroki posle oblucheniia.

The repeat cytogenetic examination of 22 persons who were exposed to acute radiation while eliminating emergency at the Chernobyl Atomic Power Plant has revealed interindividual variability in the rate of elimination of radiation-induced chromosome mutations. The data obtained have confirmed complexity to reconstruct individual radiation doses by the results of cytogenetic analysis carried out 1-3 years after the ionizing radiation effect.

[The cytogenetic effect in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of persons with a history of acute radiation sickness as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station]. / Tsitogeneticheskii éffekt v limfotsitakh perifericheskoi krovi lits, perenesshikh ostruiu luchevuiu bolezn' v rezul'tate avarii na ChAES.

The results of cytogenetic examination of 51 patients with acute radiation disease caused by Chernobyl accident show interindividual variability in frequency and spectrum of chromosome aberrations in men with the same diagnosis, who were first examined 9-38 months after the accident. It is shown that possibility to reveal a cytogenetic marker of radiation exposure grows up in cases with severe disease.

[The possibility of using polarography for the diagnosis of radiation damage]. / Izuchenie vozmozhnosti primeneniia poliarografii dlia diagnostiki obluchennosti.

The polarographic method permitted to register changes in the protein higher structure at radiation doses of the order of tenths Gy. A technique is proposed and optimum conditions found for taking measurements in mammalian serum and plasma in vitro. It is suggested that the proposed technique, having been tested on experimental animals, might be used for an indirect diagnosis of radiation affection in human beings.