Research progress of association on flow experience and adolescents mental health / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#The popularity of electronic devices helps the spread of the flow experience. Flow experience affects many aspects of life for adolescents as for its double articulation. In order to provide suggestions for the improvement in adolescent mental health, this paper reviews flow experience and adolescent mental health in different situations. In learning situation, the state of flow makes a difference in students self confidence, learning experience, positive affect in school, positivity, self esteem and self efficacy, etc., at the same time, it is beneficial to relieve academic pressure and academic procrastination. In entertainment situation, the state of flow experience directly leads to addiction, and indirectly affects online game addiction by the mediating roles of self control and cognitive bias.

Effects of different body positions on the hemodynamics of youths and middle-aged adults / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To observe the effects of static 70° head-up tilted standing and of repeated body repositioning on hemodynamics in healthy young and middle-aged persons.Methods:The hemodynamics of 24 middle-aged and 23 younger persons were studied. Both groups were requested to perform static 70° head-up tilted standing and to repeatedly change their body position from 0° to 70° of tilt at a velocity of 1°/second for ten minutes in a random order. Before, between and after each test the subjects rested supine for ten minutes. Hemodynamic variables and blood pressure were recorded non-invasively.Results:The average heart rate (HR) increased significantly in both groups when rising from supine to the testing positions. In 70° tilted standing the average HR of the youth group, 84.0±9.5bpm, was significantly higher than that in the other position and that of the middle-aged group in the same position. The average HR of the middle-aged group in 70° tilted standing was also significantly higher than in the other position. Among the middle-aged group, the average stroke volume (SV) in the testing positions was significantly lower than when resting. Significant differences were observed in the average diastolic blood pressure (DBP) between the testing and rest positions for both groups, with the average DBP of the middle-aged group significantly higher than that of the youth group in all three positions. Among the youth group, the average SV, CO and systolic blood pressure (SBP) of the males were significantly higher than among the females in all of the different body positions.Conclusions:Young persons mainly rely on an increased heart rate to maintain cardiac output while middle-aged participants appear to achieve this through increased peripheral resistance. Repeated position changes have less impact on hemodynamics than 70° inclined standing, making it a safer and more stable training method. However, the long-term effects of such intervention need to be confirmed in further studies.

Effect of Physical Therapy and Heel Sound Feedback on Motor Function of Lower Limbs for Patients with Stroke Based on ICF Core Set / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To study the effect of physical therapy and heel sound feedback on lower limbs motor function, mobility and activities of daily living (ADL) for stroke patients based on International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) core set. Methods:From April, 2018 to May, 2020, 113 stroke patients with motor dysfunction were divided into ischemia group (n = 67) and hemorrhagia group (n = 46) according to the cause of stroke. They received physical therapy for lower limbs and heel sound feedback for eight weeks, and assessed with ICF core set for stroke-gait, Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremities (FMA-LE), Timed 'Up and Go' Test (TUGT), and modified Barthel index (MBI) before and after intervention. Results:The main effect of time was significant for qualifiers of ICF core set for stroke-gait, the scores of FMA-LE and MBI, and TUGT time (F > 100.59, P < 0.001), and it improved time by time as Post Hoc test. The main effect of groups was not significant (F < 2.29, P > 0.05), nor as Post Hoc test. The interactive effect between time and groups was significant for TUGT time (F = 6.45, P < 0.01), perhaps improved more in the hemorrhagia group, however, the interactive effect was not significant for the others. Conclusion:Physical therapy and heel sound feedback can improve motor function of lower limb, mobility and ADL for stroke patients.

Removal of Surface Oxygen Vacancies Increases Conductance Through TiO2 Thin Films for Perovskite Solar Cells.

We report that UV-ozone treatment of TiO2 anatase thin films is an efficient method to increase the conductance through the film by more than 2 orders of magnitude. The increase in conductance is quantified via conductive scanning force microscopy on freshly annealed and UV-ozone-treated TiO2 anatase thin films on fluorine-doped tin oxide substrates. The increased conductance of TiO2 anatase thin films results in a 2% increase of the average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of methylammonium lead iodide-based perovskite solar cells. PCE values up to 19.5% for mesoporous solar cells are realized. The additional UV-ozone treatment results in a reduced number of oxygen vacancies at the surface, inferred from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. These oxygen vacancies at the surface act as charge carrier traps and hinder charge extraction from the adjacent material. Terahertz measurements indicate only minor changes of the bulk conductance, which underlines the importance of UV-ozone treatment to control surface-based defects.

Study on Frosting Quality Markers of Mori Folium Based on Component Characteristic / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To screen the frosting qualitymarkers (Q-marker) of Mori Foliumand identify Mori Folium after frost. Method: The HPLC-DAD-MSn fingerprints of Mori Folium before and after frost were established,the common peaks were markedand the characteristic components were selected by orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA). The components with a large content change were used as marker components,and the relatively stable component was used as an internal reference component. The ratio of the marker components to the peak area of the internal reference component was used as component characteristic to identify the frost of Mori Folium,andqualitative study of frosting markerswere performed by MSn and authentic standards. Result: The fingerprints were established and 33 common peaks were marked. Through OPLS-DA,peaks 1,23,14 were determined as marker components,peak 12 was determined as internal reference component. The frosting quality markers of Mori Folium were characterized as citric acid derivatives,saponin F,tryptophan and neochlorogenic acid by MSn and standards. The ratios of the peak areas of citric acid derivatives,saponin F,tryptophan and neochlorogenic acid before and after frost were 0.15±0.054,1.0±0.48; 0.14±0.073,0.98±0.48,0.13±0.088,0.89±0.49,respectively. Conclusion: In the fingerprints established in this study,the peak area ratios of citric acid derivatives,saponin F,tryptophan to new chlorogenic acid had specificity,which can be used as frosting quality markers for identification of Mori Folium. This study expanded the connotation of the Q-marker specificity of traditional Chinese medicine. The results can provide experimental data for the quality evaluation and drug-forming properties of Mori Folium,and provide reference for similar research.

Implementation of toxicologic pathology peer review based on the new edition of China Good Laboratory Practice / 国际药学研究杂志

The Chinese Food and Drug Administration issued the new Good Laboratory Practice(GLP)for nonclinical safety studies in September 2017,which emphasizes the peer review during the pathology practice.Pathology peer review could verify and im?prove the accuracy and quality of pathology diagnoses and interpretations in discussion.Pathology peer review is recommended when important risk assessment or business decisions are based on nonclinical studies.The objectives of this review are to provide a unified interpretation of the new regulation and recommend compliant processes for organizations to implement.

Effects of Different Carbon Matrix on the Pt0.55Co0.45 Catalysts Using for the Cathode of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell.

20 wt% Pt0.55Co0.45/C catalysts were prepared using a chemical reduction method, with Vulcan XC-72 conducting furnace black and double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) as the carbon supports, respectively. The catalysts were compared with commercial BASF 20 wt% Pt/C (using Vulcan XC-72 carbon as support). The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The electrochemical performance of the Pt/C and Pt0.55Co0.45/C catalysts was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and steady-state measurements. Electrochemical measurements indicated that the Pt0.55Co0.45 nanocatalysts exhibited improved activity in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on DWCNTs compared to those on Vulcan XC-72 carbon. It is suggested that DWCNTs will provide better catalysis support than Vulcan XC-72 carbon.

Cloning and expression analysis of GGPPS gene from Panax notoginseng / 中国中药杂志

According to the transcriptome dataset of Panax notoginseng, the key geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase gene (GGPPS) in terpenoid backbone biosynthesis was selected to be cloned. Using specific primer pairs combining with RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) technique, the full-length cDNA sequence with 1 203 bp, which containing a 1 035 bp open reading frame, was cloned and named as PnGGPPS. The corresponding full-length DNA sequence contained 2 370 bp, consisted of 1 intron and 2 exons. The deduced protein PnGGPPS contained 344 amino acids and shared more than 73% identity with GGPPS from Ricinus communis and Salvia miltiorrhiza. PnGGPPS also had specific Aspartic acid enrichment regions and other conserved domains, which belonged to the Isoprenoid-Biosyn-C1 superfamily. The quantitative real-time PCR showed that PnGGPPS expressed in different tissues of 1, 2, 3 years old root, stem, leaf and 3 years old flower, and the expression level in 3 years old leaf was significant higher than that in other organs, which suggested that it might not only be involved in the regulation of the growth and development, but also be associated with the biosynthesis of chlorophyll and carotenoids, the development of chloroplast, the shade habit and the quality formation of P. notoginseng.

Comparative study on effects of blood enriching on mouse model of blood deficiency syndrome induced by cyclophosphamide of albiflorin, paeoniflorin on levels of GM-CSF, IL-3 and TNF-α / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the effects and mechanism of blood enriching on mouse model of blood deficiency syndrome induced by cyclophosphamide of albiflorin and paeoniflorin.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Albiflorin and paeoniflorin were determined by using animal models of blood deficiency syndrome induced by cyclophosphamide. The amount of WBC, RBC, HGB, index of thymus gland and spleen, and the changes of GM-CSF, IL-3 and TNF-α in serum were detected after the treatment.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with the model group, the amount of WBC in the group of 30 mg x kg(-1) albiflorin and 30 mg x kg(-1) paeoniflorin were increased obviously (P < 0.01). The amount of RBC in the group of 30 mg x kg(-1) albiflorin and 30 mg x kg(-1) paeoniflorin were increased obviously (P < 0.01, P < 0.001), which did not had a significant difference compared with the same dose. The index of thymus gland in the group of 30 mg x kg(-1) albiflorin was superior to the model group (P < 0.01), the difference was significant compared with the same dose of paeoniflorin (P < 0.05). The GM-CSF in serum in all groups of 30 mg x kg(-1) albiflorin, 15 mg x kg(-1) albiflorin, 30 mg x kg(-1) paeoniflorin and 15 mg x kg(-1) paeoniflorin increased obviously (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.05); The IL-3 in serum in both group of 30 mg x kg(-1) albiflorin and 30 mg x kg(-1) paeoniflorin also increased (P < 0.001). The content of TNF-α in group of 30 mg x kg(-1) albiflorin and 30 mg x kg(-1) paeoniflorin were reduced (P < 0.01), which showed the obvious difference compared with the same dose group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Albiflorin had the effect of blood enriching by regulating the immune function, same with the paeoniflorin. The probable mechanism of nourishing blood and liver of Paeoniae Radix Alba was not only the better effect of adjusting the content of TNF-α, but also might act synergistically with paeoniflorin.</p>

Effects of reducing temperatures on the hydrogen storage capacity of double-walled carbon nanotubes with Pd loading.

The effects of different temperatures on the hydrogen sorption characteristics of double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) with palladium loading have been investigated. When we use different temperatures, the particle sizes and specific surface areas of the samples are different, which affects the hydrogen storage capacity of the DWCNTs. In this work, the amount of hydrogen storage capacity was determined (by AMC Gas Reactor Controller) to be 1.70, 1.85, 2.00, and 1.93 wt% for pristine DWCNTS and for 2%Pd/DWCNTs-300 degrees C, 2%Pd/DWCNTs-400 degrees C, and 2%Pd/DWCNTs-500 degrees C, respectively. We found that the hydrogen storage capacity can be enhanced by loading with 2% Pd nanoparticles and selecting a suitable temperature. Furthermore, the sorption can be attributed to the chemical reaction between atomic hydrogen and the dangling bonds of the DWCNTs.

4D-CT reconstruction based on pulmonary average CT values.

To date, commercial 4D-CT systems typically depend on an external respiratory monitoring device. Immobilizing patients in a thermoplastic mask while receiving radiotherapy may result in a failure of 4D-CT reconstruction. The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of 4D-CT reconstruction based on a method using pulmonary average CT values (ACV) without an external respiratory monitoring device. The ACV of the whole lung assumes cyclical variation during respiration. Phases of CT images were identified by calculating the ACV over time. Subsequently, five sets of 4D-CT images based on a Real-time Position Management (RPM) system were selected to verify the ACV method. The entire lung CT datasets of another sixteen free-breathing patients were acquired in Cine scan mode for multiple couch positions. The phase of every CT image was identified and re-sorted into different phase 4D-CT volumes by analyzing the time dependence of the corresponding ACVs. This paper demonstrates the ACV method using the 4D-CT data sets based on the RPM system. Convenient and reliable 4D-CT reconstruction can be accomplished without any external respiratory monitoring device using ACVs.

Protective effect of Acai berries on chronic alcoholic hepatic injury in rats and their effect on inflammatory cytokines / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the protective effect of Acai berries(Euterpe oleraceae) on chronic alcoholic hepatic injury in rats and their mechanism.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Wistar rats were fed for 1 week and randomly divided into blank group, model group, Dongbao Gantai group, Acai 1.6, 0.8, 0.4 g . kg-1 groups. The blank group was given distilled water, and the other groups were orally given 56% white spirit (Erguotou) for eight weeks at the dosages of 8 mL . kg-1 in the 1st week, which increased by 0.1 mL week by week till to 15 mL . kg-1, in order to establish the chronic hepatic injury model, and observe the effect of Acai berry freeze-dried powder on hepatocyte membrane permeability, liver lipid peroxidation, changes in inflammatory cytokines and pathological changes in hepatocytes.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Acai berries could significantly reduce serum ALT and AST(P<0.05), MDA(P<0.05), TG(P<0.05) and serum TNF-α and IL-6(P <0.05) and increase GSH and SOD(P <0.05). According to liver histopathological observation, livers in the model group were dominated by steatosis, some livers suffered spotty necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration; The positive drug and Acai groups showed different changes in pathologic changes in rat livers.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acai berries show s specific protective effect on alcoholic hepatic injury. Its mechanism may be correlated with the inhibition of such inflammatory factors as TNF-α and IL-6.</p>

Determination of β-sitosterol and total sterols content and antioxidant activity of oil in acai (Euterpe oleracea) / 中国中药杂志

In order to establish a method for the determination of the sterols of the oil in the freeze-dried acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) and to evaluate its antioxidant activities, a saponification/extraction procedure and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis method were developed and validated for the analysis of phytosterols in PEE (Petroleum ether extract). Separation was achieved on a Purosper STAR LP C18 column with a binary, gradient solvent system of acetonitrile and isopropanol. Evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) was used to quantify β-sitosterol and the total sterols. Peak identification was verified by retention times and spikes with external standards. Standard curves were constructed (r = 0.999 2) to allow for sample quantification. Recovery of the saponification and extraction was demonstrated via analysis of spiked samples. The highest content of total sterols is β-sitosterol. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated using the total oxyradical scavenging capacity assay (TOSC assay). The result showed that the PEE exhibited significant antioxidant properties, sample concentration and the antioxidant capacity had a certain relevance.

Study on blood enriching effects of γ-ray radiation of paeoniflorin and albiflorin on mouse model of blood deficiency / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the blood enriching effects of Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Paeoniae Radix Alba, paeoniflorin and albiflorin on mouse model of blood deficiency caused by γ-ray radiation.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Build mouse model of blood deficiency induced by γ-ray radiation. Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Paeoniae Radix Alba were given during modeling. The amount of WBC was detected af- ter the treatment. Based on the result of WBC and paeoniflorin content, albiflorin content in Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Paeoniae Radix Alba, the same model and the same method were used to comparatively study the effect of blood enriching of paeoniflorin and albiflorin.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>On the 7th day, the amount of WBC in model mice treated with 2 g x kg(-1) Paeoniae Radix Alba and 2 g x kg(-1) Paeoniae Radix Rubra significantly increased compared with that of model group (P < 0.05). In another experiment with the same model, the amount of WBC in model mice treated with 120 mg x kg(-1) paeoflorin and 120 mg x kg(-1) albiflorin significantly increased (P < 0.05) compared with that of model group on the 7th day. On the 10th day, the amount of WBC in rats treated with 120 mg x kg(-1) paeoflorin increased significantly (P < 0.05) compared with that of model group. Compared with the same dose of paeoniflorin, the amount of WBC in mice treated with albiflorin had no significant difference.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All Paeoniae Radix Alba, Paeoniae Radix Rubra, paeoniflorin and al- biflorin can raise the amount of WBC and have the effect of enriching blood induced by radiation, while paeoniflorin and albiflorin have a similar result in this model. The result indicated that both paeoniflorin and albiflorin are effective constituents in Paeoniae Radix Alba, and paeoniflorin work as the common effective constituent in both Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Paeoniae Radix Alba.</p>

Effects of qubi zhentong recipe on the expressions of IL-1beta, IL-8, and VEGF in the synovial of rats with collagen-inducing arthritis / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To research the effects of Qubi Zhentong Recipe (QZR) on the expressions of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the synovial of rats with collagen-inducing arthritis (CIA), and to discuss its mechanisms of action.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Healthy male Wistar rats were recruited and randomly divided into the model group ( n = 50) and the normal control group (n = 10). Rats of the model group were injected with type II collagen of bovine (BC II) emulsion in the tail and nape to establish the CIA model. After successful modeling, 30 successfully modeled rats were selected and randomly divided into three groups, i.e., the model group (n = 10), the QZR group (n = 10), and the methotrexate (MTX) group (n = 10). Rats in the normal control group and the model group were administered with physiological saline by gastrogavage, while those in the QZR group were administered with QZR at 22.9 g/kg by gastrogavage. All medication was performed once daily. The rats in the MTX group were administered with MTX suspension at 0.78 mg/kg by gastrogavage, once per week. After 30-day treatment, the levels of IL-1beta, IL-8, and VEGF in the synovial were detected by immunohistochemical method. The arthritis index (AI) was scored before and after medication.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment the AL score of the QZR group and the MTX group was obviously lower than that of the model group (P < 0.01). The AI score of the two drug groups were lower than that before treatment (P < 0.01). Compared with the normal control group, the expression levels of IL-1beta, IL-8, and VEGF obviously increased in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the expression levels of IL-1beta, IL-8, and VEGF were significantly lower in the two drug groups (P < 0.01). But there was no statistical difference between the QZR group and the MTX group (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Decreasing the expression levels of IL-1beta, IL-8, and VEGF in the synovial of CIA rats may be one of the mechanisms for treating CIA by QZR.</p>

Efficient method for analyzing absorbed ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine genitana macrophyllae radix / 中国中药杂志

In present study, a method for analyzing the absorbed ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine QinJiao has been developed. A rat everted gut sac (EGS) model has been established, and the transporting capacity of gut sacs was identified by histological examinations. The ingredients including loganic acid, sweroside, gentiopicroside, and swertiamarian in serosal solution absorbed by active transport of rat everted ileum and jejunum from Qinjiao extraction were determined using an HPLC method. Histological integrality of the gut sacs remains perfect and the active transport activity of them is normal within 45 min of the experiment. The HPLC method employed in this study presents high specificity and good correlation. The relative standard deviation of precision of this method is less than 5.5%. Extraction recovery of samples is more than 90%. And stability of the samples in room temperature is perfect. Eight ingredients of Qinjiao absorbed in serosal solution are identified. Furthermore, concentration of Qinjiao extraction significantly affects accumulated absorption and absorption coefficient of the ingredients. However, there is no significant impact on the accumulated absorption and absorption coefficient by diverse of everted gut sections. From above, the EGS techniques might be an efficient method, which can be employed for investigation of absorbed ingredients of Traditional Chinese Medicines.

Effect of qubi zhentong recipe on synovial gene expression in collagen-induced arthritis in rats / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of the Chinese medical formula Qubi Zhentong Recipe(, QZR) on the synovial gene expression profile in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ten rats were randomly chosen from 60 rats as the control group, and the other 50 rats were used for the CIA models. The CIA model group was constructed by bovine injection of type II collagen through the rats' neck and tail. Twenty rats were randomly chosen from 34 successful CIA models and randomly assigned into two groups: the model group (n =10) and the QZR group (n=10). The QZR group was fed intragastrically with QZR 22.9 g/(kg·d) (10 times the clinical adult dose), and the CIA model group was given the same dose of normal saline. Both model and QZR groups were administered treatment once a day. Total RNA was collected from the knee joint synovium after 30 days. The change in gene expression profile was analyzed by a whole gene chip.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 76 genes showed a difference in expression between CIA model group and the control group; 35 genes were down-regulated and 41 were up-regulated. A total of 67 genes showed a difference in expression between the model group and the QZR group; 48 genes were down-regulated and 19 were upregulated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>QZR may affect CIA by stimulating multiple genes and targets, which are related to oncogenes, apoptosis, metabolism, the immune system, ion channels, and transport proteins.</p>

Comparative study on effects of blood enriching on mouse model of blood deficiency syndrome induced by compound method of bleeding, starved feeding and exhausting of Paeoniae Radix Alba and Paeoniae Radix Rubra, paeoniflorin and albiflorin / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of blood enriching on mouse model of blood deficiency syndrome of Paeoniae Radix Alba and Paeoniae Radix Rubra, paeoniflorin and albiflorin.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Building the mouse model of blood deficiency syndrome induced by compound method of bleeding, starved feeding and exhausting of swimming, extract from Paeoniae Radix Alba and Paeoniae Radix Rubra were given during modeling. The amount of RBC, HGB were detected after the treatment. Based on the amount results of RBC, HGB and the paeoniflorin content, albiflorin content in Paeoniae Radix Alba and Paeoniae Radix Rubra, the same model and the same method were used to comparatively study the effect of blood enriching of paeoniflorin and albiflorin.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>At the 7th day, the amount of RBC and HGB in model mice was significantly increased (P <0. 01) by 2 g kg-1 Paeoniae Radix Alba and 2 g kg-1 Paeoniae Radix Rubra. At the 14th day, the amount of RBC and HGB in model mice was significantly increased (P <0. 01) by 2 g kg-1 Paeoniae Radix Alba. The amount of RBC and HGB in mice treated with Paeoniae Radix Rubra had an increasing trend compared with the same dose of Paeoniae Radix Rubra, but the difference was not significant. In another experiment with the same model, the amount of RBC and HGB in model mice was significantly increased (P<0.01) by 120 mg kg-1 paeoflorin and 120 mg kg-1 albiflorin at the 7th day, meanwhile, 60 mg kg-1 and 30 mg kg-1 albiflorin also increased the amount of RBC and HGB. At the 14th day, 120 mg kg-1 paeoflorin and all doses of albiflorin increased the amount of RBC and HGB. Comepared with that of the same dose of paeoniflorin, the amount of RBC in mice was significantly increased (P <0. 05) by 30 mg kg-1 albiflorin and 120 mg kg-1 albiflorin; the amount of HGB was significantly increased (P <0. 05) by 30 mg kg -1 albiflorin.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Paeoniae Radix Alba has a better effect of blood enriching than Paeoniae Radix Rubra. Albiflorin is more effective in blood enriching than paeoniflorin. Combining these, it infers that albiflorin involves in the better blood enriching effect of Paeoniae Radix Alba.</p>

Application of dual-source CT in the evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma after transarterial chemoembolization treatment / 中华放射学杂志

ObjectiveTo assess the diagnostic value of dual-energy dual-source CT in detecting the enhancement ofhepatocellularcancer( HCC )aftertransarterialchemoembolization( TACE )treatment.Methods Twenty-seven patients with HCC underwent dual-energy dual-source CT including nonenhanced,arterial,portal,and delayed phases scanning after TACE treatment.Arterial phases were acquired with the dual-energy mode for reconstruction of virtual nonenhanced images and color overlay images.DSAs were performed in all these patients.Two blinded and independent readers evaluated the data in 2 reading sessions:standard nonenhanced,arterial phase,portal phase,and delayed phase images were read in session A,and virtual nonenhanced,arterial phase,portal phase,and delayed phase images in session B.Sensitivity and specificity were calculated,with the DSA data set as the reference standard.The sensitivity and specificity were compared with Chi-square test.Results DSA revealed 63 lesions in 27 patients,and 39 of them had blood supply.Overall sensitivity and specificity were 74.4％ (29/39) and 83.3％ (20/24) for session A,and 94.9％ (37/39),95.8％ (23/24) for session B,respectively.The sensitivity of the two reading sessions was significantly different (x2 =6.303,P ＜ 0.05 ),while the specificity was insignificantly different ( x2 =2.009,P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion Compared with standard dynamic protocols,an arterial dual-energy dual-source CT scan with reconstruction of virtual nonenhanced and color overlay images enables detection of relapse and intrahepatic metastasis of HCC after TACE treatment with higher accuracy.

Up-regulation of PIK3CA promotes metastasis in gastric carcinoma.

AIM: To explore expressions of PIK3CA in the progression of gastric cancer from primary to metastasis and its effects on activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway. METHODS: mRNA and protein levels of PIK3CA were assessed, respectively, by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry in specimens of normal gastric mucosa, primary foci and lymph node and distant metastasis of gastric cancer. Akt and phosphorylated Akt protein were also examined by Western blotting in these tissues, in order to analyze the effect of PIK3CA expression level changes on the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. RESULTS: PIK3CA mRNA in lymph node metastasis were approximately 5 and 2 folds higher, respectively, than that in the corresponding normal gastric mucosa and primary gastric cancer tissues (P < 0.05), while no statistical significance was found compared with distant metastasis. Immunohistochemically, PIK3CA protein expression was discovered in 7 (35%) specimens of 20 primary foci vs 10 (67%) of 15 of lymph node metastasis or 11 (61%) of 18 of distant metastasis (35% vs 67%, P = 0.015; 35% vs 61%, P = 0.044). With the increased level of PIK3CA expression, the total Akt protein expression remained almost unchanged, but p-Akt protein was upregulated markedly. CONCLUSION: Increased expression of PIK3CA is expected to be a promising indicator of metastasis in gastric cancer. Up-regulation of PIK3CA may promote the metastasis of gastric cancer through aberrant activation of PI3K/Akt signaling.