ABSTRACT
Epilepsy is a chronic brain disease characterized by recurrent seizures. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a novel family of endogenous non-coding RNAs that have been proposed to regulate gene expression. However, there is a lack of data on the role of circRNA in epilepsy. In this study, the circRNA profiles were evaluated by microarray analysis. In total, 627 circRNAs were up-regulated, whereas 892 were down-regulated in the hippocampus in mice with kainic acid (KA)-induced epileptic seizures compared with control. The expression of circHivep2 was significantly down-regulated in hippocampus tissues of mice with KA-induced epileptic seizures and BV-2 microglia cells upon KA treatment. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that circHivep2 interacts with miR-181a-5p to regulate SOCS2 expression, which was validated using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, overexpression of circHivep2 significantly inhibited KA-induced microglial activation and the expression of inflammatory factors in vitro, which was blocked by miR-181a-5p, whereas circHivep2 knockdown further induced microglia cell activation and the release of pro-inflammatory proteins in BV-2 microglia cells after KA treatment. The application of circHivep2+ exosomes derived from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) exerted significant beneficial effects on the behavioural seizure scores of mice with KA-induced epilepsy compared to control exosomes. The circHivep2+ exosomes also inhibited microglial activation, the expression of inflammatory factors, and the miR-181a-5p/SOCS2 axis in vivo. Our results suggest that circHivep2 regulates microglia activation in the progression of epilepsy by interfering with miR-181a-5p to promote SOCS2 expression, indicating that circHivep2 may serve as a therapeutic tool to prevent the development of epilepsy.
Subject(s)
DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics , Inflammation/drug therapy , MicroRNAs/metabolism , Microglia/drug effects , RNA, Circular/genetics , Seizures/metabolism , Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins/metabolism , Adipocytes/metabolism , Animals , Biotinylation , Cell Line , Epilepsy/metabolism , Exosomes/metabolism , Gene Expression Profiling , Gene Expression Regulation , Hippocampus/metabolism , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence , Kainic Acid , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis , RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics , Seizures/chemically induced , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of 64-slice VCT reconstruction techniques in the diseases of joints of foot and hand.Methods 50 patients with diseases of joints of foot and hand underwent MSCT scans,the data were reconstructed,including multiplanar reconstruction(MPR),maximum intensity projection(MIP),shaded surface display(SSD)and volume rendering(VR),the results were analysed.Results 33 patients with fractures,40 and 51 fractures were found by X-ray and MPR,VR,respectively.The joint surface involved in 7 fractures,which was best with VR and MPR to show the whole fractures.SSD was better to demonstrate the soft tissue and the vessels of the skin.3D bone reconstruction with MIP was better than plain film in showing the fractures in 4 patients with plaster external fixation.Conclusion 64-slice VCT reconstruction techniques are effective in diagnosis of the diseases of joints of foot and hand.
