[Comparative assessment of 5-year survival with cancer of the buccal mucosa treated by different methods]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka piatiletnei vyzhivaemosti bol'nykh rakom slizistoi obolochki polosti rta pri razlichykh metodakh lecheniia.

We analyzed case histories of 495 patients with oral cancer treated in the Head and Neck Tumor Clinic of the Russian Cancer Research Center RAMS from 1985 to 1998. 88 patients were included in the study out of which 50 reserved combined (radiotherapy + surgery) and 38--complex (chemotherapy + radiotherapy + surgery) treatment. On assessing the clinical results we got the following results: after combined treatment 5-year survival was 45.9 +/- 7.0%, while after the complex method--37.2 +/- 7.8%. The inclusion of chemotherapy to the treatment does not significantly influence long-term results.

[First experience with hypothermia in radiotherapy for locally advanced skin cancer of the face]. / Pervyi opyt ispol'zovaniia gipotermii pri luchevom lechenii bol'nykh mestnorasprostranennym rakom kozhi litsa.

An original method of cryotherapy is presented. After each exposure during standard fractionation regimen tumor was cooled to 0-5 deg C in 20 patients with locoregional skin cancer of the face. Complete remission was registered in 18 cases of good cosmetic effect. Recurrence was reported in 2 cases during 9 month--10 year follow-up.

[Surgical treatment for tumors of the upper thoracic aperture]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie opukholei verkhnei grudnoi apertury.

The data on the surgical treatment of 22 patients with tumors of the upper thoracic aperture at the Center's Clinic in 1986-1998 are presented. Transsternal access was made possible due to general broad approach used. The procedure had been designed and tested on 36 cadavers, particularly, with a view to locate the lymph nodes at the junction of the mediastinum and neck.

[Current state of the treatment of thyroid cancer]. / Sovremennoe sostoianie problemy lecheniia raka shchitovidnoi zhelezy.

Individually-tailored approach is recommended in designing the mode of treatment and extent of surgery for thyroid tumors. In cases of papillary and follicular tumors, the main therapy should be surgery to make sure that pre- and paratracheal fat is removed. Radical surgery on the neck is not indicated unless there are metastases. Combined treatment may be used in cases of medulla and poorly-differentiated cell cancer. Application of 131I may be recommended in cases of apparent metastasis or when there is no convincing evidence that surgery was radical enough since the 10-year data on treatment of differentiated cell cancer make up 90%.

[Autofluorescence diagnosis of malignant tumors of the head and neck]. / Autofliuorestsentnaia diagnostika zlokachestvennykh opukholei golovy i shei.

A new method for diagnosing human malignant tumors is dealt with, which is based on fluorescence of malignant neoplasms and their adjacent normal tissue. To measure the fluorescence spectra, a fiber optic system and a multi-channel optic spectral analyser have been designed. While analysing the resultant spectra, a greater fluorescence excess was observed in the red wave band in the tumors than in normal tissue. Further investigations are required in order to use the method in question in clinical diagnosis.

[The cryodestruction of cancer of the lower lip]. / Kriodestruktsiia raka nizhnei guby.

The authors review the results of cryogenic treatment of the lower lip cancer and its recurrences in 212 patients for 1973-1989. The technique of cryodestruction is analysed. It is found that the best results were achieved at the disease stage I-II and local cancer relapses after radiation treatment. The responses were also satisfactory in stage III cancer without extensive spread in the region.

[Combined treatment of stage III laryngeal cancer with different schedules of radiotherapy and surgery. Evaluation of preventive methods of the treatment of regional areas (cooperative randomized study)]. / Kombinirovannoe lechenie raka gortani III stadii s razlichnoi posledovatel'nost'iu oblucheniia i operatsii. Otsenka preventivnykh metodov vozdeistviia na regionarnye zony (po materialam kooperirovannogo randimizirovannogo issledovaniia).

In 1980-1987, a cooperative randomized study of 363 patients with stage III laryngeal cancer (T1-3N0-1M0) was carried out. In 249 patients tumor was located in the vestibular space and in 114 in the vocal cord area; 78.5% of the patients had no regional metastases (N0) and 21.5% had metastases (N1). Combined therapy was applied to 251 patients, 135 of which were first exposed to radiotherapy and then to surgery and 116 were first exposed to surgery and then radiotherapy. In 71 patients, regional zones underwent preventive treatment (in 24 patients elective radiotherapy and in 47 preventive removal of the cervical fat were used). In 112 patients, the therapeutic protocol was modified due to different reasons (69 patients underwent only surgery and 43 radical radiotherapy). The therapeutic results were assessed in terms of three parameters: incidence of relapses and regional metastases, relapse-free time, and survival. This approach revealed no significant differences in the efficacy of the different protocols of the combined treatment. The 5-year survival rate of the patients with vestibular and cord space tumor was 77.9% and 80.7% respectively, when treated according to the radiotherapy + surgery protocol, and 82.8% and 89.2%, respectively, when treated according to the surgery + radiotherapy protocol. Comparison of preventive approaches showed that the 5-year survival rate increased by 92% as a result of removal of the subcutaneous fat from the neck area.