Assessment of Postoperative Edema in Different Bone Graft Cases in Vertical Defects in Periodontal Surgery: An Original Research.

Background: To replace missing periodontal tissues in vertical defects during periodontal surgery, bone graft materials are frequently used. A frequent occurrence that can affect healing outcomes is postoperative edema. The purpose of this study was to evaluate postoperative edema in various vertical bone graft defects following periodontal surgery. Materials and Methods: 50 participants were split into two groups for a prospective study: Group A received xenografts, whereas Group B received synthetic grafts. Up to 14 days after surgery, baseline and routine postoperative edema measurements were made. Edema levels in each group were compared using statistical analysis. Results: At all postoperative time points, Group A showed substantially more edema than Group B (P < 0.05). Furthermore, edema persisted longer in Group A than it did in Group B. Conclusion: In conclusion, the substance of the bone graft used in vertical defects during periodontal surgery affects postoperative edema. Compared to synthetic grafts, xenografts caused swelling to last longer and at higher levels. To maximize healing results, clinicians should take these findings into account when choosing graft materials.

Assessment of Flexural Strength and Cytotoxicity of Heat Cure Denture Base Resin Modified with Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles: An In Vitro Study.

AIMS: To assess the effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (NPs) on flexural strength and cytotoxicity of heat-cured polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resins. METHODOLOGY: Sixty-four rectangular and 12 circular specimens were fabricated from metal dies to test flexural strength and cytotoxicity, respectively. The rectangular specimens were grouped into four (16 specimens each)-control group (Group 1), Group 2 with 3% TiO2, Group 3 with 5% TiO2, and Group 4 with 7% TiO2. They were tested for flexural strength using universal testing machine. The circular specimens were grouped into two (six specimens each)-control group and the test group which included the group which showed a highest flexural strength. They were tested for cytotoxicity using MTT assay. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to analyze the mean flexural strength of each group and Tukey's post hoc test, for pairwise group comparison (p <0.05). An independent sample t-test was used to analyze the cytotoxicity between the groups (p <0.05). RESULT: The study showed that there was a significant decrease in the flexural strength from the control group (mean: 298.95), which reduced as the concentration of TiO2 increased. However, the toxicity reduced considerably from 24 hours to 7 days in both groups while the test group showed better cell viability (%) than the control group. CONCLUSION: The flexural strength of heat cure acrylic resin (modified and unmodified) was much higher than the recommended flexural strength for these resins. On adding TiO2 NPs, flexural strength decreased when compared to the control group. However, with 3% TiO2 NPs, there was no significant decrease in flexural strength as compared to conventional resins. TiO2 NP-modified heat cure acrylic resin showed less toxicity on day 1 and even lesser toxicity after 7 days indicating that it is biocompatible. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: TiO2 NPs incorporated at 3% concentration in denture base resin had less cytotoxicity and adequate flexural strength, to be used as a promising alternative to conventional denture base resin.

A Study to Determine the Correlation between the Intercondylar and Interdental Widths in South Indian Population: A Cross-sectional Study.

AIM: Anatomical landmarks that remain fairly constant throughout an individual's life help determine the position of the artificial teeth closer to that of their predecessors. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether there is a relationship between the intercondylar widths (ICWs) and the interdental widths (IDWs) in the maxillary and mandibular arches in dentate subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in two parts, with 80 dentate subjects in total. Initially, in the first 40 subjects, a mathematical index was obtained by dividing the mean ICWs by the mean IDWs. In the second part, the ICW was measured and was used along with the index obtained in the first part, to estimate the IDW. These estimated values were then verified with the real IDWs by direct intraoral measurements. An arbitrary earpiece facebow (ARTEX® Gesichtsbogen Facebow) was used to measure the ICW. Statistics was done using SPSS software version 18 using Karl Pearson's correlation test and paired t-test. RESULTS: The IDW was correlated to the ICW; the maximal correlation was found between ICW and lower 6-6 width (L6-6W) (p value 0.033) and the lowest correlation was found between ICW and upper 6-6 width (U6-6W) (p value 0.046). CONCLUSION: ICW can be used as an additional guide to position denture teeth. This method suggested would result in a better buccolingual positioning of the posterior teeth, which would help avoid encroaching on the tongue space, thereby improving phonetics and speech with dentures. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: ICW bears a relationship with the IDWs in the maxillary and mandibular arches. ICW being a fairly constant anatomical landmark can be used as an additional guide aid in positioning the artificial teeth.