ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate the relative occurrence of uterine corpus tumor-like lesions and to establish a clinicopathological correlation. METHODS: A 5-year study was conducted on histopathologically diagnosed cases of tumor-like lesions of the uterine corpus. The lesions were classified according to the recent World Health Organization classification. Relevant clinical findings and histomorphologic details were noted and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 85 cases of tumor-like lesions were included in the study. Multiparous women (88.2%) were most commonly affected and endometrial polyp (89.4%) was the most common lesion. Endometrial polyp showed a definite predilection during the 3rd and 4th decades of life (56.6%) whereas Arias-Stella reaction was seen in pregnant women and squamous metaplasia was seen in peri and postmenopausal women. Patients with endometrial polyp presented mostly with heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) (32%) and Arias-Stella reaction with HMB. Two cases of squamous metaplasia one presented with HMB and pain in the abdomen. Most of the endometrial polyps were single (90.8%) and sessile (68.4%), hyperplastic type (56.6%) and the adjacent endometrium were mostly atrophic (42.1%) or in proliferative phase (34.2%). The mean age in years of premenopausal women was 39.34 ± 5.01 and postmenopausal women were 62.66 ± 7.26. The mean size of the polyp, parity, number of polyps and association with leiomyoma was not significantly different between premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Adenomyosis was seen in 11 cases of the endometrial polyp. CONCLUSIONS: Although tumor-like lesions of the uterine corpus as the name suggests tend to mimic the tumors, certain clinical and histopathological features can help in making the accurate diagnosis and thus avoid unnecessary radical surgeries.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study is to examine the fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) features of lymph node lesions in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients and to evaluate the role of FNAC in diagnosis. This study also aims to analyze the cytological patterns and available clinicopathological parameters of FNAC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was carried out in the Department of Pathology at Government Medical College Miraj and P.V.P.G.H. Sangli from August 2012 to July 2014. FNAC was conducted for all HIV-positive patients with lymphadenopathy referred into this department. A total 70 lymph nodes were aspirated from different sites in 60 HIV-positive cases. RESULTS: The mean age of presentation was 32.4 years with a male predominance (66.7%). The cervical lymph node was the most commonly involved site (70%). The most common lesion was tuberculous lymphadenitis (66.66%) followed by reactive lymphadenitis (13.33%). The most common staining pattern in acid fast bacilli (AFB)-positive tuberculous lymphadenitis was grade 1 (87.88%). The overall AFB positivity in tuberculous lymphadenitis in the present study was 82.5%. The most common cytological pattern was caseous necrosis with epithelioid cell granulomas (60%). The mean CD4 count showed an inverse relationship with increasing grade of AFB positivity. The mean CD4 count was lowest in caseous necrosis-only pattern (330.2 cells/µL). All the cases were consistent with HIV type A lymphadenopathy. Two cases of malignancy was also seen. CONCLUSIONS: FNAC is a rapid and cheap procedure that can help in establishing the diagnosis in a large number of cases. It also helps in segregating the lesions that need further evaluation. Comparison of lymph node lesions with CD4 counts, AFB grading, and hematological alterations reflects immunity, stage of disease, and disease activity, thus aiding in better treatment.
