ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of this study was to study the effect of medicated toothpaste on oral health, a 6-month follow-up. Methods: Four hundred and twenty-seven participants were screened and followed up for 6 months. The intraoral examination was performed to record caries, gingival bleeding, and plaque index. Saliva collected was evaluated for pH, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and Vitamin C level for 6 months, and data were analyzed. Results: On the usage of medicated toothpaste with herbal extract for 6 months, the salivary pH levels were increased, the interquartile range for plaque, and the gingival bleeding index decreased. The percentage change in salivary TAC, MDA, and Vitamin C levels in the caries-free group of subgroup I was 174.8, 58.06, and 59.98, respectively, in subgroup II was 133.3, 52.08, and 58.51, and in subgroup III was 63.77, 45.11, and 47.77. The percentage change in salivary TAC, MDA, and Vitamin C levels in the caries-active group of subgroup I was 136.62, 57.27, and 72.83, subgroup II was 108.59, 37.50, and 61.55, and in subgroup III was 35.62, 30.82, and 54.10, respectively. Conclusion: The salivary pH levels increased on the usage of medicated toothpaste with herbal extract; plaque and the gingival bleeding index scores were decreased. The salivary antioxidant defense was increased in individuals using medicated toothpaste with herbal extracts which signifies an improvement in overall oral health in the 6-month follow-up.
ABSTRACT
AIM: The aim of the present review article is to establish a systematic review to describe the role of various salivary components such as pH, buffering capacity, proteins, electrolyte, antioxidant, enzymes, and minerals in occurrence and initiation of dental caries in participants with and without dental caries. METHODOLOGY: An electronic search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. The MESH terms (Medical Subject Headings) were "dental caries susceptibility," "caries risk assessment, "Salivary Biomarker," "saliva," "Proteins," "electrolytes," "biomarker," "Anti-oxidant's." The database search was limited to the studies published between 2008 and 2018 and only human studies were included. Furthermore, the STROBE criteria checklist was used to analyze the studies which had to be included in the systematic review. RESULTS: A total of 150 articles were retrieved through electronic database. After evaluating the title, abstract, and full text of these articles, only 11 were selected for the present systematic review. However, two articles were excluded because they were classified as high risk of bias according to the STROBE criteria. Out of 9 studies selected, 5 were classified as low-risk bias and 4 were classified as moderate-risk bias. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of the systematic review, out of 11 studies, 7 found to have a statistically significant difference between individuals with and without caries experience. Hence, it can be concluded that there is an association between various components of saliva and dental caries.
