Legal and Ethical Consideration in Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Who Takes Responsibility?

The legal and ethical issues that confront society due to Artificial Intelligence (AI) include privacy and surveillance, bias or discrimination, and potentially the philosophical challenge is the role of human judgment. Concerns about newer digital technologies becoming a new source of inaccuracy and data breaches have arisen as a result of its use. Mistakes in the procedure or protocol in the field of healthcare can have devastating consequences for the patient who is the victim of the error. Because patients come into contact with physicians at moments in their lives when they are most vulnerable, it is crucial to remember this. Currently, there are no well-defined regulations in place to address the legal and ethical issues that may arise due to the use of artificial intelligence in healthcare settings. This review attempts to address these pertinent issues highlighting the need for algorithmic transparency, privacy, and protection of all the beneficiaries involved and cybersecurity of associated vulnerabilities.

Retroperitoneal schwannoma: an atypical presentation.

Schwannoma is a rare tumour arising from Schwann cells in myelinated neural sheath of the nerves. They can arise in various places like head, neck, extremities, adrenal, retro peritoneum, psoas muscle. We here present a case of 33-year-old male who came with features of acute pancreatitis, with incidentally detected mass in presacral region on ultrasonography. Investigations like CECT and MRI were suggestive of neurofibroma, radical excision of the mass was done which showed solitary encapsulated tumour and cut sections showed areas of necrosis, and histopathologically it was proven as schwannoma. Most of the schwannoma's are benign, but rarely malignant transformation can occur. It can be associated with von Recklinghausen disease. Benign tumours have excellent prognosis, malignant tumours can present at later date with metastasis after excision also. Radiology plays a key role in diagnosis and follows up. Treatment is radical excision of tumour; recurrence is most common and has to be carefully followed up.