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1.
J Zhejiang Univ Sci B ; 16(6): 541-8, 2015 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26055916

ABSTRACT

Heat stress affects feed intake, milk production, and endocrine status in dairy cows. The temperature-humidity index (THI) is employed as an index to evaluate the degree of heat stress in dairy cows. However, it is difficult to ascertain whether THI is the most appropriate measurement of heat stress in dairy cows. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of heat stress on serum insulin, adipokines (leptin and adiponectin), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and heat shock signal molecules (heat shock transcription factor (HSF) and heat shock proteins (HSP)) in dairy cows and to research biomarkers to be used for better understanding the meaning of THI as a bioclimatic index. To achieve these objectives, two experiments were performed. The first experiment: eighteen lactating Holstein dairy cows were used. The treatments were: heat stress (HS, THI average=81.7, n=9) and cooling (CL, THI average=53.4, n=9). Samples of HS were obtained on August 16, 2013, and samples of CL were collected on April 7, 2014 in natural conditions. The second experiment: HS treatment cows (n=9) from the first experiment were fed for 8 weeks from August 16, 2013 to October 12, 2013. Samples for moderate heat stress, mild heat stress, and no heat stress were obtained, respectively, according to the physical alterations of the THI. Results showed that heat stress significantly increased the serum adiponectin, AMPK, HSF, HSP27, HSP70, and HSP90 (P<0.05). Adiponectin is strongly associated with AMPK. The increases of adiponectin and AMPK may be one of the mechanisms to maintain homeostasis in heat-stressed dairy cows. When heat stress treatment lasted 8 weeks, a higher expression of HSF and HSP70 was observed under moderate heat stress. Serum HSF and HSP70 are sensitive and accurate in heat stress and they could be potential indicators of animal response to heat stress. We recommend serum HSF and HSP70 as meaningful biomarkers to supplement the THI and evaluate moderate heat stress in dairy cows in the future.


Subject(s)
AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/blood , Adipokines/blood , Cattle/physiology , Heat-Shock Proteins/blood , Heat-Shock Response/physiology , Insulin/blood , Acclimatization/physiology , Animals , Female
2.
Chinese Medical Journal ; (24): 2517-2522, 2013.
Article in English | WPRIM (Western Pacific) | ID: wpr-322169

ABSTRACT

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Coflex, a type of interspinous process implant, can provide intervertebral dynamic stability for surgical segments and effectively relieve lumbocrural pain. However, few studies have described therapeutic strategies and the avoidance of Coflex implant complications.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Coflex implant complications in this study included intraoperative or postoperative spinous process fracture, aggravated postoperative lumbocrural pain, dislodgment and malposition. The complications were analyzed, and therapeutic strategies were applied according to the specific complication. The Visual Analogue Scale and Oswestry Disability Index scores were evaluated by using the paired-samples test from SPSS 12.0.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Conservative treatment was provided to seven patients who experienced aggravated lumbocrural pain even though their devices remained in the correct position, and pedicle screw treatment was used as an alternative in four cases. The Visual Analogue Scale and Oswestry Disability Index scores showed evident improvement in these patients. The Visual Analogue Scale and Oswestry Disability Index scores of two patients who underwent revision were also improved.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Coflex implants should be avoided in patients with osteoporosis, a narrow interspinous space and intervertebral coronal spondylolysis, or sagittal instability. Furthermore the device choice, depth of implantation, and clamping intensity should be appropriate. Conservative treatment can be provided to patients with symptoms if the device remains in the correct position; however, revisions and salvages should be undertaken with internal fixation of pedicle screws for patients with device malposition, intraoperative implantation failure, or device intolerance.</p>


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Bone Screws , Lumbar Vertebrae , General Surgery , Prostheses and Implants , Visual Analog Scale
3.
Chinese Journal of Surgery ; (12): 782-787, 2012.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM (Western Pacific) | ID: wpr-245791

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate device implanted complications and corresponding therapeutic strategies of Coflex interspinous dynamic stabilization system for lumbar spine intraoperatively and postoperatively.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From September 2008 to August 2010, 133 cases of degenerative disease of lumbar spine including 62 males and 71 females, ranging from 35 to 81 years of age (mean 60.8 years), underwent or planed to be underwent decompression with Coflex interspinous dynamic stabilization system were reviewed retrospectively, and 13 cases including 6 males and 7 females, ranging from 41 to 71 years of age (mean 58.6 years), occurred device implanted complications. The Coflex implanted complications were analyzed, and therapeutic strategies according to different character were carried out, scores of visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index(ODI) and effect-related data preoperatively, postoperatively, after conservative treatment and in final follow-up were evaluated with paired-samples t test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Thirteen cases of Coflex implanted complications and treatment applied included: 3 cases occurred fracture of spinous processes intraoperatively were treated by pedicle screws instead; 2 cases occurred fracture of spinous processes postoperatively or during follow-up, including 1 case underwent revision with pedicle screws, another 1 case treated with conservative treatment; 4 cases with degenerative coronal spondylolysis in surgical segments, 1 case with sagittal instability preoperatively, and 1 case with device dislodgment in follow-up all suffered aggravated pain and received conservative treatment; 1 case suffered implanted malposition intraoperatively was underwent internal fixation with pedicle screws instead; at length, 1 case with aggravated pain postoperatively and without definite reason received revision with internal fixation of pedicle screws demolishing the Coflex. The follow-up time of 13 cases ranged from 20 to 38 months (mean 27.6 months); and 7 cases implanted Coflex with aggravated pain of lumbar and lower limb, but the position of device can still maintained, were received conservative treatment, and whose score of VAS and ODI in the final follow-up were 1.9 ± 0.7 and 23.2 ± 3.4, and comparing to 6.1 ± 1.1 and 58.1 ± 3.0 preoperatively, evident improvement was got finally (t = 8.2 and 18.2, P < 0.01). Scores of VAS and ODI of 2 cases with Coflex implanted complications underwent revision with pedicle screws were also improved correspondingly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Coflex interspinous dynamic stabilization system implanted should be avoided to cases who suffered with osteoporosis, too narrow interspinous space and intervertebral coronal spondylolysis or sagittal instability; and choice of device, depth of implantation and intensity of clumping should be appropriate. For patients with symptom but device still in right position, conservative treatment can be carried out; but for patients subjected to malposition of device, failure of implantation intraoperatively or intolerance to device, revisions and salvages should be underwent with internal fixation of pedicle screws.</p>


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Follow-Up Studies , Internal Fixators , Intervertebral Disc Degeneration , General Surgery , Lumbar Vertebrae , General Surgery , Postoperative Complications , Retrospective Studies , Spinal Fusion , Methods , Treatment Outcome
4.
Chinese Journal of Surgery ; (12): 342-345, 2008.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM (Western Pacific) | ID: wpr-237793

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical and radiographic results of total lumbar disc replacement with SB Charité III prosthesis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From Dec 1999 to Dec 2006, total lumbar disc replacement with SB Charité III prosthesis was performed in 65 patients affected with degenerative lumbar disc disorders. Among these patients, 48 (52 prosthesis) were followed up for more than two years (from 2.0 to 7.5 years). There were 22 males and 26 females with an average age of 43 years old (from 36 to 58 years). The diagnosis was lumbar disc herniation with low back pain in 34 patients, discogenic low back pain in 9 patients and failed lumbar disc surgery in 5 patients. All patients underwent standard anterior procedure under general anesthesia. One level replacement was done in 44 patients (L3,4 in 3, L4,5 in 23 and L5-S1 in 18), and two level procedures in 4 patients (L3,4/L4,5 in 1 and L4,5/L5-S1 in 3). Clinical and radiographic results of these patients were evaluated at each follow-up time (1, 3, 6, 12, 24 months after operation and the latest).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average visual analogue scales score for pain was 9.3 before operation, changed to 4.3 one month after operation, further declined to 2.6 two years after operation and finally to 1.8 at the latest follow-up evaluation. Meanwhile, the average Oswestry Disability Index was 45.8 before operation, 28.6 one month after operation, 12.5 two years after operation and 8.2 at the latest followup evaluation. All operated levels but one maintained mobile and there was no significant loss of range of motion observed. Complications such as implant dislocation or significant subsidence of the prosthesis occurred in none case of this group. All patients but one (98%) were satisfied with the surgery at the latest follow-up evaluation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Total lumbar disc replacement is an effective method for the treatment of degenerative disc disorders. Its long-term outcome remains to be verified.</p>


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arthroplasty, Replacement , Follow-Up Studies , Intervertebral Disc , General Surgery , Joint Prosthesis , Lumbar Vertebrae , General Surgery , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
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