MTA1 aggravates experimental colitis in mice by promoting transcription factor HIF1A and up-regulating AQP4 expression.

Experimental colitis can persist as a chronic disease, accompanied with an underlying risk of development into colorectal cancer. Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1), as a chromatin modifier, exerts notable association with multiple diseases, including colitis. The current study aims to investigate the mechanism of MTA1/HIF1A/AQP4 axis in experimental colitis in mice. First, experimental colitis mouse models were established using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and in vitro colonic epithelial cells FHC inflammation models were with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for determination of MTA1 and HIF1A expressions. It was found that MTA1 and HIF1A were both highly-expressed in experimental colitis samples. Results of dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and ChIP assay further revealed that MTA1 activated HIF1A, and subsequently induced AQP4 transcription to up-regulate AQP4 in experimental colitis. Following loss- and gain-function, the effects of MTA1/HIF1A/AQP4 axis on apoptosis and viability of colon epithelial cells were detected by a combination of TUNEL staining and flow cytometry, and CCK-8 assay. It was observed that silencing of MAT1 in the FHC and NCM460 cells reduced IL-1ß and TNF-α expressions induced by LPS. Meanwhile, AQP4 promoted LPS-induced inflammation, and exacerbated apoptosis of colon epithelial cells and augmented experimental colitis development in mice. In vivo experiments further verified that TGN-020 treatment effectively alleviated DSS-induced experimental colitis in mice and diminished apoptosis of colon epithelial cells. Altogether, MTA1 may promote AQP4 transcription by activating HIF1A, thus exacerbating DSS-induced experimental colitis in mice, which provides a novel direction for the treatment of experimental colitis.

WITHDRAWN: Comparison of the accuracy between imageless navigation and manual freehand approaches for total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

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[The evolution of principal drugs in prescription compatibility].

The principal drugs of principal, adjuvant, auxiliary and conductant compatiblity in prescriptions recorded in the ancient literatures had different meaning and quantities. According to the current literatures, Zhuangzi Xu Wugui took the one can cure diseases as the principal drug; The principal, adjuvant, auxiliary and conductant drugs in Shennong Bencao Jing (Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica) can be used to differentiate the good and bad of drugs; Yaoxing Lun (Treatise on medicinal property) of Zheng quan (Tang dynasty) stipulated some drugs as principal drugs; Zazhu Bencao of Jiang Xiaowan (Tang dynasty) took the one can cure yin diseases as the principal drugs; Yixue Qiyuan (the origination of medicine) of Zhang Yuansu (Jin dynasty) took the one of maximum dosage as principal drugs; Piwei Lun (Treatise on Spleen and Stomach) of LI gao (Jin dynasty) took the powerful one as the principal drug; The principal drugs in Yi Lun (medicine treatise) of Wang Kentang (Ming dynasty) changed according to different ages. The quantities of principal drugs can had two and three ingredients even took one prescription as principal drug instead of one ingredient.

[The origin and development of temporomandibular dislocation reduced intraorally ].

The earliest records of temporomandibular dislocation reduced inside the oral cavity can be found in Yinshu (The Pulling Book) unearthed in Han Bamboo script in 1984 in Zhangjiashan, Hubei Province. Later on, physicians of different dynasties developed the etiology, pathogenesis, symptoms, signs and treatment of temporomandibular dislocation on the basis of Yinshu (The Pulling Book). Although the manipulations recorded in Yinshu (The Pulling Book) were rather simple, but they were used continuously as a basic clinical manipulation of orthopaedics.

[Investigation on bei die.]

Overseas doctors hold that depression has the symptom of "inappropriate guilt" and TCM has no discussions and treatment on it. This article discusses the origin and development, etiology and pathogenesis, therapeutic principles, prescription of Bei Die, revealing that TCM has had quite comprehensive record on the symptoms and treatment of "inappropriate guilt."

[Efficacy of intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate in post-operation treatment of the knee].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate in post-operation treatment of the knee. METHODS: From January 1998 to February 2001, 4 ml of sodium hyaluronate injection was injected into the knee joint of the 134 cases at the end of arthroscope operation, or the 91 cases undergoing open operation of the knee at the time when the drain tube was removed (treatment group). Five days after operation, the hydrarthrosis was removed and 2 ml of sodium hyaluronate was injected into the knee joint. According to the patient's condition, injection of sodium hyaluronate was performed once a week for several weeks. Clinical evaluation was made by evaluating pain visual analog scale (VAS) and painless range of movement (ROM) of the joint at every definite point of time. The 85 patients in control group used nothing at the same time. RESULTS: The VAS score of patients in the treatment group was significant lower than that of the control group. The period to the maximal painless ROM of the joint was 6 days in the treatment group after open operation, while 9 days in the control group. CONCLUSION: Sodium hyaluronate appears effective in relieving post-operation pain of the knee joint.

[The clinical study of adhesion prevention of sodium hyaluronate in flexor tendon surgery].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of sodium hyaluronate on adhesion prevention after flexor tendon surgery. METHODS: In 47 cases with the flexor tendon surgery, two kinds of sodium hyaluronate jelly preparations were injected into the tendon sheath before suture. Preparation I (20 mg/2 ml) was for group A (17 patients) and preparation II (20 mg/2 ml) was for group B (16 patients). The control group (group C, 14 patients) were treated in the same way except injection of sodium hyaluronate. The functions of afflicted fingers including flexibility, pain and swelling were measured immediately, at the first, second and the third month after operation. RESULTS: All 47 patients were followed up 1 to 3 months. 64.71% patients in group A and 68.75% in group B showed significant improvement. There were significant difference compared with group C (P < 0.05). There were no significant adverse reactions were observed in all groups. CONCLUSION: Two sodium hyaluronate preparations have effects in adhesion prevention after flexor tendon surgery with safety and expedience.