Water-solubility croconic acid-bisindole dye with morpholine ring for tumor NIRF/PA imaging and photothermal therapy activated by lysosome pH-response.

A novel croconic acid-bisindole dye CR-630 with a morpholine ring showed good water-solubility and obvious lysosome-targeting. The protonation of the nitrogen atom in the indole and lysosome-targeting of morpholine ring let it exhibit stronger pH-responsive NIR/PA imaging and photothermal effect in the lysosome acidic microenvironment (pH 4.0-5.5) than in the tumor acidic microenvironment. In the animal study, compound CR-630 could NIRF/PA image in the tumor tissues in 1.5-2.0 h, effectively inhibit the growth of the tumor, and even ablate the tumor at the drug dose of 1 mg/kg. It also demonstrated good biosafety. This study gives a new idea to develop water-solubility organic dyes with lysosome targeting, stronger pH-responsive NIRF/PA imaging and PTT for breast cancer.

Four New Kaurane Diterpenoids from the Chinese Liverwort Jungermannia comata Nees.

In our continuing program to find new bioactive compounds from the Chinese liverworts, four new kaurane-type diterpenoids, (6ß)-kaur-16-ene-6,9-diol (1), (6ß,12ß)-kaur-16-ene-6,9,12-triol (2), (6ß)-kaur-16-ene-5,6,9-triol (3), and kaur-16-ene-9,19-diol (4), have been isolated from the Chinese liverwort Jungermannia comata Nees. Five known kaurane-type diterpenoids (5 - 9) and four known trachylobane-type diterpenoids (10 - 13) were also obtained. The structures of the new compounds were established unequivocally on the basis of spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of compound 1 was established by comparing experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra.

[Estimation on the level of birth and death rates of population in the three gorges area by means of capture-mark-recapture method].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate quality of surveillance and emendate rates of birth and death of population of the Three Gorges area. METHODS: Data on the two samples collected were designed based on principle of capture-recapture method. An investigation of missing report of birth and death was conducted in 7061 families selected through stratified random sampling method. We collected and registered the data of birth and death in every family investigated and checked with correlative records reported in disease surveillance system of the Three Gorges area. The missing report rates and the 95% confidence intervals of birth rate and death rate were calculated. RESULTS: The underreporting rates of birth and death were 13.91% and 15.60% and death of infant was 33.33%. The emended birth rate was 8.92 per thousandth and the 95% confidence interval of birth rate was 8.38 per thousandth-9.45 per thousandth. The emended report rate of death was 6.88 per thousandth and the collectivity 95% confidence interval was 6.37%-7.38 per thousandth. CONCLUSION: Results showed that the quality of birth and death in the disease surveillance reporting system of Three Gorges area was competent to the quality level of the standard set for national disease surveillance system. The birth and death rates of population in the Three Gorges area were under 10.00 per thousandth.