Study on Explosion Characteristics and Mechanism of Electrostatic Spray Powder.

In order to fully understand the explosion risk of electrostatic spraying powder, corresponding preventive measures are put forward. The explosion characteristics, ignition sensitivity, and flame propagation of three typical electrostatic spraying powders were tested using a 20 L spherical explosion test device, a G-G furnace test device, and a Hartmann tube test device, and the explosion process and mechanism of electrostatic spraying powders were discussed. The results show that the maximum explosion pressure and the maximum explosion pressure rise rate increase first and then decrease with the increase in mass concentration. The maximum explosion pressure and the maximum explosion pressure rise rate of acrylic powder coating are the largest, which are 0.75 and 85.4 MPa/s, respectively. The shortest burning time is 97.5 ms, and the highest explosion danger level is 23.46 MPa·m/s. The flame propagation of electrostatic spraying powder develops slowly; the flame front spreads linearly and the average flame velocity increases first and then decreases. The explosive development process of powder coating particles is concentrated in the three-phase system of solid particles, molten particles, and pyrolytic gasification combustible gas, which goes through the kinetic process of particle heating melting, cross-linking curing, pyrolytic gasification, combustion, and extinction.

Experience of undergraduate nursing students participating in artificial intelligence + project task driven learning at different stages: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence is a growing phenomenon that will soon facilitate wide-scale changes in many professions, and is expected to play an important role in the field of medical education. This study explored the realistic feelings and experiences of nursing undergraduates participating in different stages of artificial intelligence + project task driven learning, and provide a basis for artificial intelligence participation in nursing teaching. METHODS: We conducted face-to-face semi-structured interviews with nursing undergraduates participating in Nursing Research Course which adopts artificial intelligence + project task driven learning from a medical university in Ningxia from September to November 2023, to understand their experience of using artificial intelligence for learning and the emotional changes at different stages. The interview guide included items about their personal experience and feelings of completing project tasks through dialogue with artificial intelligence, and suggestions for course content. Thematic analysis was used to analyze interview data. This study followed the COREQ checklist. RESULTS: According to the interview data, three themes were summarized. Undergraduate nursing students have different experiences in participating in artificial intelligence + project task driven learning at different stages, mainly manifested as diverse emotional experiences under initial knowledge deficiency, the individual growth supported by external forces during the adaptation period, and the expectations and suggestions after the birth of the results in the end period. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing undergraduates can actively adapt to the integration of artificial intelligence into nursing teaching, dynamically observe students' learning experience, strengthen positive guidance, and provide support for personalized teaching models, better leveraging the advantages of artificial intelligence participation in teaching.

Appraisal of clinical practice guidelines and consensus statements on obstetric anaesthesia: a systematic review using the AGREE II instrument.

OBJECTIVES: Despite the publication of hundreds of trials on obstetric anaesthesia, the management of these conditions remains suboptimal. We aimed to assess the quality and consistency of guidance documents for obstetric anaesthesia. DESIGN: This is a systematic review and quality assessment using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II methodology. DATA SOURCES: Data sources include PubMed and Embase (8 June 2023), three Chinese academic databases, six guideline databases (7 June 2023) and Google and Google scholar (1 August 2023). ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: We included the latest version of international and national/regional clinical practice guidelines and consensus statements for the anaesthetic management of pregnant patients during labour, non-operative delivery, operative delivery and selected aspects of perioperative monitoring, postpartum care and analgesia, published in English or Chinese. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Two reviewers independently screened the searched items and extracted data. Four reviewers independently scored documents using AGREE II. Recommendations from all documents were tabulated and visualised in a coloured grid. RESULTS: Twenty-two guidance documents (14 clinical practice guidelines and 8 consensus statements) were included. Included documents performed well in the domains of scope and purpose (median 76.4%, IQR 69.4%-79.2%) and clarity of presentation (median 72.2%, IQR 61.1%-80.6%), but were unsatisfactory in applicability (median 21.9%, IQR 13.5%-27.1%) and editorial independence (median 47.9%, IQR 6.3%-73.2%). The majority of obstetric anaesthesia guidelines or consensus centred on different topics. Less than 30% of them specifically addressed the management of obstetric anaesthesia perioperatively. Recommendations were concordant on the perioperative preparation, and on some indications for the choice of anaesthesia method. Substantially different recommendations were provided for some items, especially for preoperative blood type and screen, and for the types and doses of neuraxial administration. CONCLUSIONS: The methodological quality in guidance documents for obstetric anaesthesia necessitates enhancement. Despite numerous trials in this area, evidence gaps persist for specific clinical queries in this field. One potential approach to mitigate these challenges involves the endorsement of standardised guidance development methods and the synthesis of robust clinical evidence, aimed at diminishing difference in recommendations.

Analysis of functional connectivity changes in attention networks and default mode networks in patients with depression and insomnia.

PURPOSE: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Insomnia Disorder (ID) are prevalent psychiatric conditions often occurring concurrently, leading to substantial impairment in daily functioning. Understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of these disorders and their comorbidity is crucial for developing effective interventions. This study aims to analyze changes in functional connectivity within attention networks and default mode networks in patients with depression and insomnia. METHODS: The functional connectivity alterations in individuals with MDD, ID, comorbid MDD and insomnia (iMDD), and healthy controls (HC) were assessed from a cohort of 174 participants. They underwent rs-fMRI scans, demographic assessments, and scale evaluations for depression and sleep quality. Functional connectivity analysis was conducted using region-of-interest (ROI) and whole-brain methods. RESULTS: The MDD and iMDD groups exhibited higher Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) scores compared to HC and ID groups (P < 0.001). Both ID and MDD groups displayed enhanced connectivity between the left and right orbital frontal cortex compared to HC (P < 0.05), while the iMDD group showed reduced connectivity compared to HC and ID groups (P < 0.05). In the left insula, reduced connectivity with the right medial superior frontal gyrus was observed across patient groups compared to HC (P < 0.05), with the iMDD group showing increased connectivity compared to MDD (P < 0.05). Moreover, alterations in functional connectivity between the left thalamus and left temporal pole were found in iMDD compared to HC and MDD (P < 0.05). Correlation analyses revealed associations between abnormal connectivity and symptom severity in MDD and ID groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate distinct patterns of altered functional connectivity in individuals with MDD, ID, and iMDD compared to healthy controls. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of depression and insomnia, which could be used as a reference for the diagnosis and treatments of these patients.

Impact of high-altitude acclimatization and de-acclimatization on the intestinal microbiota of rats in a natural high-altitude environment.

Introduction: Intestinal microorganisms play an important role in the health of both humans and animals, with their composition being influenced by changes in the host's environment. Methods: We evaluated the longitudinal changes in the fecal microbial community of rats at different altitudes across various time points. Rats were airlifted to high altitude (3,650 m) and acclimatized for 42 days (HAC), before being by airlifted back to low altitude (500 m) and de-acclimatized for 28 days (HADA); meanwhile, the control group included rats living at low altitude (500 m; LA). We investigated changes in the gut microbiota at 12 time points during high-altitude acclimatization and de-acclimatization, employing 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology alongside physiological indices, such as weight and daily autonomous activity time. Results: A significant increase in the Chao1 index was observed on day 14 in the HAC and HADA groups compared to that in the LA group, indicating clear differences in species richness. Moreover, the principal coordinate analysis revealed that the bacterial community structures of HAC and HADA differed from those in LA. Long-term high-altitude acclimatization and de- acclimatization resulted in the reduced abundance of the probiotic Lactobacillus. Altitude and age significantly influenced intestinal microbiota composition, with changes in ambient oxygen content and atmospheric partial pressure being considered key causal factors of altitude-dependent alterations in microbiota composition. High-altitude may be linked to an increase in anaerobic bacterial abundance and a decrease in non-anaerobic bacterial abundance. Discussion: In this study, the hypobaric hypoxic conditions at high-altitude increased the abundance of anaerobes, while reducing the abundance of probiotics; these changes in bacterial community structure may, ultimately, affect host health. Overall, gaining a comprehensive understanding of the intestinal microbiota alterations during high-altitude acclimatization and de-acclimatization is essential for the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies to better protect the health of individuals traveling between high- and low-altitude areas.

Predicting major adverse cardiovascular events within 3 years by optimization of radiomics model derived from pericoronary adipose tissue on coronary computed tomography angiography: a case-control study.

BACKGROUND: Coronary inflammation induces changes in pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) can be detected by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). Our aim was to investigate whether different PCAT radiomics model based on CCTA could improve the prediction of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) within 3 years. METHODS: This retrospective study included 141 consecutive patients with MACE and matched to patients with non-MACE (n = 141). Patients were randomly assigned into training and test datasets at a ratio of 8:2. After the robust radiomics features were selected by using the Spearman correlation analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, radiomics models were built based on different machine learning algorithms. The clinical model was then calculated according to independent clinical risk factors. Finally, an overall model was established using the radiomics features and the clinical factors. Performance of the models was evaluated for discrimination degree, calibration degree, and clinical usefulness. RESULTS: The diagnostic performance of the PCAT model was superior to that of the RCA-model, LAD-model, and LCX-model alone, with AUCs of 0.723, 0.675, 0.664, and 0.623, respectively. The overall model showed superior diagnostic performance than that of the PCAT-model and Cli-model, with AUCs of 0.797, 0.723, and 0.706, respectively. Calibration curve showed good fitness of the overall model, and decision curve analyze demonstrated that the model provides greater clinical benefit. CONCLUSION: The CCTA-based PCAT radiomics features of three major coronary arteries have the potential to be used as a predictor for MACE. The overall model incorporating the radiomics features and clinical factors offered significantly higher discrimination ability for MACE than using radiomics or clinical factors alone.

Investigation into the application of remimazolamin conjunction with low-dose propofolfor pediatricfiberoptic bronchoscopy.

This study delves into the effectiveness of combining remimazolam with low-dose propofol in pediatric fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Ninety children scheduled for fiberoptic bronchoscopy in our hospital were enrolled as research participants. Based on the intraoperative anesthetic drug regimen, the children were divided into three groups: group R (remimazolam 0.2-0.4 mg/kg), group P (propofol 1-3 mg/kg), and group RP (remimazolam0.2 mg/kg, propofol 0.5 mg/kg). Immediately post-anesthesia, group P exhibited lower blood pressure and heart rate (HR) compared to both group R and group RP (P < 0.05). As bronchoscope approached the glottis and epiglottis, group P continued to display lower blood pressure and HR compared to group R and group RP (P < 0.05). During lavage, group P maintained lower blood pressure and HR compared to both the R and RP groups (P < 0.05). Immediately post-anesthesia, group P demonstrated lower SpO2 compared to the R and RP groups (P < 0.05).During lavage, group P maintained lower SpO2 than group R and group RP (P < 0.05). In comparison with group R and group PR, group P showed shortened induction and recovery times (P < 0.05). The one-time entry success rate into the microscope was higher in group R than in group P, with the RP group showing an intermediate decreased (P < 0.05). Moreover, the cough score in R group was higher than in the P and RP groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the satisfaction rates of the RP group exceeded those of the R and P groups (P < 0.05). Remimazolam combined with low-dose propofol effectively balances the strengths and weaknesses of remimazolam and propofol, ensuring more stable hemodynamics, a lower incidence of adverse reactions, and optimal surgical conditions in pediatric fiberoptic bronchoscopy.

Structural and functional insights into transcription activation of the essential LysR-type transcriptional regulators.

The enormous LysR-type transcriptional regulators (LTTRs), which are diversely distributed amongst prokaryotes, play crucial roles in transcription regulation of genes involved in basic metabolic pathways, virulence and stress resistance. However, the precise transcription activation mechanism of these genes by LTTRs remains to be explored. Here, we determine the cryo-EM structure of a LTTR-dependent transcription activation complex comprising of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase (RNAP), an essential LTTR protein GcvA and its cognate promoter DNA. Structural analysis shows two N-terminal DNA binding domains of GcvA (GcvA_DBD) dimerize and engage the GcvA activation binding sites, presenting the -35 element for specific recognition with the conserved σ70R4. In particular, the versatile C-terminal domain of α subunit of RNAP directly interconnects with GcvA_DBD, σ70R4 and promoter DNA, providing more interfaces for stabilizing the complex. Moreover, molecular docking supports glycine as one potential inducer of GcvA, and single molecule photobleaching experiments kinetically visualize the occurrence of tetrameric GcvA-engaged transcription activation complex as suggested for the other LTTR homologs. Thus, a general model for tetrameric LTTR-dependent transcription activation is proposed. These findings will provide new structural and functional insights into transcription activation of the essential LTTRs.

PTPRO inhibits LPS-induced apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells.

Acute lung injury (ALI) and its severe manifestation, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), represent critical clinical syndromes with multifactorial origins, notably stemming from sepsis within intensive care units (ICUs). Despite their high mortality rates, no selective cure is available beside ventilation support. Apoptosis plays a complex and pivotal role in the pathophysiology of acute lung injury. Excessive apoptosis of alveolar epithelial and microvascular endothelial cells can lead to disruption of lung epithelial barrier integrity, impairing the body's ability to exchange blood and gas. At the same time, apoptosis of damaged or dysfunctional cells, including endothelial and epithelial cells, can help maintain tissue integrity and accelerate recovery from organ pro-inflammatory stress. The balance between pro-survival and pro-apoptotic signals in lung injury determines patient outcomes, making the modulation of apoptosis an area of intense research in the quest for more effective therapies. Here we found that protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO), a poorly understood receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase, is consistently upregulated in multiple tissue types of mice under septic conditions and in the lung alveolar epithelial cells. PTPRO reduction by its selective short-interfering RNA (siRNA) leads to excessive apoptosis in lung alveolar epithelial cells without affecting cell proliferation. Consistently PTPRO overexpression by a DNA construct attenuates apoptotic signaling induced by LPS. These effects of PTPTO on cellular apoptosis are dependent on an ErbB2/PI3K/Akt/NFκB signaling pathway. Here we revealed a novel regulatory pathway of cellular apoptosis by PTPRO in lung alveolar epithelial cells during sepsis.

Gut microbial genomes with paired isolates from China illustrate probiotic and cardiometabolic effects.

The gut microbiome displays genetic differences among populations, and characterization of the genomic landscape of the gut microbiome in China remains limited. Here, we present the Chinese Gut Microbial Reference (CGMR) set, comprising 101,060 high-quality metagenomic assembled genomes (MAGs) of 3,707 nonredundant species from 3,234 fecal samples across primarily rural Chinese locations, 1,376 live isolates mainly from lactic acid bacteria, and 987 novel species relative to worldwide databases. We observed region-specific coexisting MAGs and MAGs with probiotic and cardiometabolic functionalities. Preliminary mouse experiments suggest a probiotic effect of two Faecalibacillus intestinalis isolates in alleviating constipation, cardiometabolic influences of three Bacteroides fragilis_A isolates in obesity, and isolates from the genera Parabacteroides and Lactobacillus in host lipid metabolism. Our study expands the current microbial genomes with paired isolates and demonstrates potential host effects, contributing to the mechanistic understanding of host-microbe interactions.

Trends and hotspots in acupuncture treatment of rat models of stroke: a bibliometric analysis from 2004 to 2023.

Background: Acupuncture is a widely used clinical treatment method, and studies have confirmed its therapeutic effects on stroke patients. It can also reduce the burden on patients and society. Acupuncture treatment is a complementary and preventive treatment for stroke. However, there has yet to be a visual bibliometric analysis of the field of acupuncture for stroke rat models. This study explores future trends, research hotspots, and frontiers in acupuncture for stroke rat models over the past 20 years through investigation and visualization. Methods: We collected literature data on acupuncture treatment of stroke in rats from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2023. Import into CiteSpace (version 6.2.R4) and RStudio for analysis by author, country/region, affiliation, annual publication, keywords, and journal visualization. Results: A total of 379 articles were retrieved, including articles from 16 countries, 258 research institutions, and 123 academic journals. The countries and institutions with the most publications were the People's Republic of China (338) and the Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (43). Tao, Jing had the highest number of co-citations (144). The keywords and co-citation clustering show the main research directions in the field, including "artery occlusion," "neural regeneration," "stimulation," "rapid tolerance," "receptor," "signaling pathway," "apoptosis," "oxidative stress," "inflammatory response," "endogenous neurogenesis," "tolerance of local cerebral ischemic tissues," "proliferation of reactive astrocytes" and "neuroprotective effect." The intervention combines classical acupuncture treatment and modern technology (electricity) with electroacupuncture as a new intervention modality. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the increasing research on acupuncture for treating stroke in rat models. The country/region with the most publications is the People's Republic of China. However, international cooperation still needs to be improved, and future researchers must strengthen international cooperation. In addition, in future studies, researchers should improve the overall quality of research results in this area and enhance research protocols.

Targeted metabolomic profiles of serum amino acids are independently correlated with malnutrition in older adults.

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is a common geriatric syndrome that is closely associated with adverse clinical outcomes and poses significant harm to older adults. Early assessment of nutritional status plays a crucial role in preventing and intervening in cases of malnutrition. However, there is currently a lack of measurable methods and biomarkers to evaluate malnutrition in older adults accurately. The aim of this study is to investigate the independent correlation between serum levels of amino acids and malnutrition in older adults, and to identify effective metabolomics biomarkers that can aid in the early detection of geriatric malnutrition. METHODS: A total of 254 geriatric medical examination participants from Beijing Hospital were included in the study, consisting of 182 individuals with normal nutritional status (Normal group) and 72 patients at risk of malnutrition or already malnourished (MN group). Malnutrition was assessed using the Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF). Demographic data were collected, and muscle-related and lipid indexes were determined. Serum amino acid concentrations were measured using isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The correlation between serum amino acid levels and malnutrition was analyzed using non-parametric tests, partial correlation analysis, linear regression, and logistic regression. RESULTS: The geriatric MN group exhibited significantly lower serum aromatic amino acid levels (P < 0.05) compared to the normal group. A positive correlation was observed between serum aromatic amino acid levels and the MNA-SF score (P = 0.002), as well as with known biomarkers of malnutrition such as body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.001) and hemoglobin (HGB) (P = 0.005). Multivariable logistic or linear regression analyses showed that aromatic amino acid levels were negatively correlated with MN and positively correlated with the MNA-SF score, after adjusting for some confounding factors, such as age, gender, BMI, smoking status, history of dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and frailty. Stratified analyses revealed that these trends were more pronounced in individuals without a history of frailty compared to those with a history of frailty, and there was an interaction between aromatic amino acid levels and frailty history (P = 0.004). CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that serum aromatic amino acids are independently associated with malnutrition in older adults. These results have important implications for identifying potential biomarkers to predict geriatric malnutrition or monitor its progression and severity, as malnutrition can result in poor clinical outcomes.

Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of OLIF and TLIF in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the difference in clinical efficacy between two surgical approaches, oblique lateral approach and intervertebral foraminal approach, in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis. METHODS: English databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Web of Science, were systematically searched using keywords such as "oblique lumbar interbody fusion" and "transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion." Concurrently, Chinese databases, including CNKI, WanFang data, VIP, and CBM, were also queried using corresponding Chinese terms. The search spanned from January 2014 to February 2024, focusing on published studies in both Chinese and English that compared the clinical efficacy of OLIF and TLIF. The literature screening was conducted by reviewing titles, abstracts, and full texts. Literature meeting the inclusion criteria underwent quality assessment, and relevant data were extracted. Statistical analysis and a meta-analysis of the observational data for both surgical groups were performed using Excel and RevMan 5.4 software. Findings revealed a total of 14 studies meeting the inclusion criteria, encompassing 877 patients. Of these, 414 patients were in the OLIF group, while 463 were in the TLIF group. Meta-analysis of the statistical data revealed that compared to TLIF, OLIF had a shorter average surgical duration (P < 0.05), reduced intraoperative bleeding (P < 0.05), shorter average hospital stay (P < 0.05), better improvement in postoperative VAS scores (P < 0.05), superior enhancement in postoperative ODI scores (P < 0.05), more effective restoration of disc height (P < 0.05), and better correction of lumbar lordosis (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between OLIF and TLIF in terms of the incidence of surgical complications (P > 0.05) and fusion rates (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: When treating degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis, OLIF demonstrates significant advantages over TLIF in terms of shorter surgical duration, reduced intraoperative bleeding, shorter hospital stay, superior improvement in postoperative VAS and ODI scores, better restoration of disc height, and more effective correction of lumbar lordosis.

Safety of different concentrations of glycerine enema for meconium evacuation in preterm infants: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

INTRODUCTION: Various approaches are employed to expedite the passage of meconium in preterm infants within the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), with glycerine enemas being the most frequently used. Due to the potential risk of high osmolality-induced harm to the intestinal mucosa, diluted glycerine enema solutions are commonly used in clinical practice. The challenge lies in the current lack of knowledge regarding the safest and most effective concentration of glycerine enema. This research aims to ascertain the safety of different concentrations of glycerine enema solution in preterm infants. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This study protocol is for a single-centre, two-arm, parallel-group, double-blind and non-inferiority randomised controlled trial. Participants will be recruited from a NICU in a teriary class A hospital in China, and eligible infants will be randomly allocated to either the glycerine (mL): saline (mL) group in a 3:7 ratio or the 1:9 ratio group. The enema procedure will adhere to the standardised operational protocols. Primary outcomes encompass necrotising enterocolitis and rectal bleeding, while secondary outcomes encompass feeding parameters, meconium passage outcomes and splanchnic regional oxygen saturation. Analyses will compare the two trial arms based on an intention-to-treat allocation. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This trial is approved by the ethics committee of the Medical Ethics Committee of West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR2300079199.

Light Induced Proton Coupled Charge Transfer Triggers Counterion Directional Translocation.

We demonstrate directed translocation of ClO4 - anions from cationic to neutral binding site along the synthetized BPym-OH dye molecule that exhibits coupled excited-state intramolecular proton-transfer (ESIPT) and charge-transfer (CT) reaction (PCCT). The results of steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy together with computer simulation and modeling show that in low polar toluene the excited-state redistribution of electronic charge enhanced by ESIPT generates the driving force, which is much stronger than by CT reaction itself and provides more informative gigantic shifts of fluorescence spectra signaling on ultrafast ion motion. The associated with ion translocation red-shifted fluorescence band (at 750 nm, extending to near-IR region) appears at the time ~83 ps as a result of electrochromic modulation of PCCT reaction. It occurs at substantial delay to PCCT that displayed fluorescence band at 640 nm and risetime of <200 fs. Thus, it becomes possible to visualize the manifestations of light-triggered ion translocation and of its driving force by fluorescence techniques and to separate them in time and energy domains.

Construction and validation of a nomogram for predicting remission of migraine patients with patent foramen ovale after closure.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to construct and validate a nomogram model that predicts the remission of migraine attacks by screening factors that affect the prognosis of migraine patients with patent foramen ovale (PFO) after closure. METHOD: Retrospective analysis was conducted in migraine patients with PFO who underwent PFO closure in the Department of Cardiology of Jiangsu Province Hospital from September 2020 to April 2023. Based on the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) scores from the 1-year follow-up after PFO closure, all patients who met the inclusion criteria were categorized into a remission group and a non-remission group. The primary efficacy endpoint was remission of migraine headache. After collecting clinical data, transcranial doppler sonography (TCD) results and MIDAS scores, LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regression and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to filter variables predictive to migraine remission and construct the nomogram model. The Nomogram's accuracy and consistency were respectively assessed through Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration curves. Additionally, an analysis of decision curves (DCA) was conducted to evaluate the clinical utility of this newly developed model. RESULT: A total of 241 consecutive patients were included in the study. The remission group included 21 males and 93 females, with a median age of 39 (30.25,50) years. The non-remission group included 26 males and 101 females, with a median age of 35 (25.5,47.5) years. All Patients were randomly divided into a training cohort and a validation cohort. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that 5 independent predictors, including MIDAS before closure (p = 0.0002), mitigating factors (p = 0.0057), number of attacks/month (p = 0.0058), TCD (p = 0.0093) and Platelet Crit (PCT) (p = 0.0351), played a significant role in the prediction of remission of migraine patients with PFO after closure. Based on these independent predictors, the predictive nomogram model of migraine remission in PFO patients was constructed. The application of the nomogram in the training cohort exhibited good discrimination (area under the ROC curve was 0.7763[95% CI 0.7108-0.8418]), which was confirmed in the validation cohort (AUC was 0.704[95% CI 0.5533-0.8547]). The calibration curve showed that the nomogram model demonstrated good calibration performance. Additionally, the decision curve analysis indicated the clinical utility of the nomogram model. CONCLUSION: The construction of the nomogram model had a considerable predictive accuracy for migraine remission in patients after PFO closure, which may provide constructive guidance for clinical decision making.

Cascaded All-Fiber Gas Raman Laser Oscillator in Deuterium-Filled Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fibers.

Hollow-core photonic crystal fibers (HC-PCFs) provide an ideal transmission medium and experimental platform for laser-matter interaction. Here, we report a cascaded all-fiber gas Raman laser based on deuterium (D2)-filled HC-PCFs. D2 is sealed into a gas cavity formed by a 49 m-long HC-PCF and solid-core fibers, and two homemade fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) with the Raman and pump wavelength, respectively, are further introduced. When pumped by a pulsed fiber amplifier at 1540 nm, the pure rotational stimulated Raman scattering of D2 occurs inside the cavity. The first-order Raman laser at 1645 nm can be obtained, realizing a maximum power of ~0.8 W. An all-fiber cascaded gas Raman laser oscillator is achieved by adding another 1645 nm high-reflectivity FBG at the output end of the cavity, reducing the peak power of the cascaded Raman threshold by 11.4%. The maximum cascaded Raman power of ~0.5 W is obtained when the pump source is at its maximum, and the corresponding conversion efficiency inside the cavity is 21.4%, which is 1.8 times that of the previous configuration. Moreover, the characteristics of the second-order Raman lasers at 1695 nm and 1730 nm are also studied thoroughly. This work provides a significant method for realizing all-fiber cascaded gas Raman lasers, which is beneficial for expanding the output wavelength of fiber gas lasers with a good stability and compactivity.

Deep learning and machine learning approaches to classify stomach distant metastatic tumors using DNA methylation profiles.

Distant metastasis of cancer is a significant contributor to cancer-related complications, and early identification of unidentified stomach adenocarcinoma is crucial for a positive prognosis. Changes inDNA methylation are being increasingly recognized as a crucial factor in predicting cancer progression. Within this research, we developed machine learning and deep learning models for distinguishing distant metastasis in samples of stomach adenocarcinoma based on DNA methylation profile. Employing deep neural networks (DNN), support vector machines (SVM), random forest (RF), Naive Bayes (NB) and decision tree (DT), and models for forecasting distant metastasis in stomach adenocarcinoma. The results show that the performance of DNN is better than that of other models, AUC and AUPR achieving 99.9 % and 99.5 % respectively. Additionally, a weighted random sampling technique was utilized to address the issue of imbalanced datasets, enabling the identification of crucial methylation markers associated with functionally significant genes in stomach distant metastasis tumors with greater performance.

Acute exposure to tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate elicits cardiotoxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae via inducing ferroptosis.

Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate (AO168 =O), a novel organophosphate ester, is prevalent and abundant in the environment, posing great exposure risks to ecological and public health. Nevertheless, the toxicological effects of AO168 =O remain entirely unknown to date. The results in this study indicated that acute exposure to AO168 =O at 10 and 100 µg/L for 5 days obviously impaired cardiac morphology and function of zebrafish larvae, as proofed by decreased heartbeat, stroke volume, and cardiac output and the occurrence of pericardial edema and ventricular hypertrophy. Transcriptomics, polymerase chain reaction, and molecular docking revealed that the strong interaction of AO168 =O and transferrin receptor 1 activated the transportation of ferric iron into intracellular environment. The release of free ferrous ion to cytoplasmic iron pool also contributed to the iron overload in heart region, thus inducing ferroptosis in larvae via generation of excessive reactive oxygen species, glutathione peroxidase 4 inhibition, glutathione depletion and lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis inhibitor (Fer-1) co-exposure effectively relieved the cardiac dysfunctions of zebrafish, verifying the dominant role of ferroptosis in the cardiotoxicity caused by AO168 =O. This research firstly reported the adverse impact and associated mechanisms of AO168 =O in cardiomyogenesis of vertebrates, underlining the urgency of concerning the health risks of AO168 =O.

Study on the differences and influencing factors of spatial distribution of population aging at township scale: a case study of township research units in Anshun City, China.

An aging population is one of the main features of China's current population structure, and it is a key area that needs attention to achieve high-quality population development. Because of its unique geographical environment, economic conditions, and sociocultural background, the study of population aging in the karst region of southwest China is particularly important. However, there is a lack of research exploring the regional differentiation of population aging and its influencing factors in the karst regions of southwest China. In light of this, we chose Anshun City, located in Guizhou Province's southwest area, as the case study area. We used the Lorenz curve and spatial autocorrelation to study the differences in the spatial distribution pattern of population aging and introduced multi-scale geographical weighted regression to explore its influencing factors. The results show that Anshun City's older people population proportion (OPP) is generally high with more than 7% of the older people there, making it part of an aging society. The OPP appeared high in the east and low in the west in spatial distribution; the older people population density (OPD) revealed a gradually increasing trend from south to north. At the township scale, both the OPP and the OPD showed significant spatial positive correlation, and the spatial agglomeration characteristics were obvious. OPD and OPP have a positive spatial correlation at the global level, and townships with similar OPP or OPD were spatially adjacent. The spatial distribution characteristics of population aging are the consequence of complex contributions such as natural, social, economic, and karst factors. Further, the spatial distribution pattern of aging is determined by a variety of influencing factors, which have different directions and intensities. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate and implement corresponding policies and strategies to deal with the aging problem in the future.