ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: A recent genome-wide association study has identified a new susceptibility locus, kinesin family member 1B gene (KIF1B), strongly associated with progression from chronic hepatitis B (CHB) to hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Chinese population, this study was carried out to explore the role of the genetic variants in KIF1B in the development of chronic hepatitis B. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Three KIF1B polymorphisms (rs8019, rs17401924, and rs17401966) were selected and genotyped in 473 CHB patients and 580 controls with no history of CHB. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by logistic regression model. None of these three SNPs showed association with CHBs after adjusting for age and gender. Equivalence-based method analysis confirmed the absence of association. In the further haplotype analysis, three common haplotypes were observed in this study population, but no significant effect was also found for haplotypes in the progression to CHB. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This study showed the new locus identified for HCC, KIF1B, was not associated with progression to CHB, implying distinct genetic susceptibility factor contributes to the progression from hepatitis B virus infection to HCC. Nevertheless, further comprehensive analyses are warranted to dissect the mechanism.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/virology , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Hepatitis B virus/physiology , Hepatitis B, Chronic/genetics , Hepatitis B, Chronic/virology , Kinesins/genetics , Adult , Asian People/genetics , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/complications , Case-Control Studies , China , Female , Genetic Association Studies , Haplotypes/genetics , Hepatitis B, Chronic/complications , Humans , Liver Neoplasms/complications , Liver Neoplasms/genetics , Liver Neoplasms/virology , Male , Odds Ratio , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics , Reproducibility of Results , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the knowledge, attitude and behavior on drugs abuse among junior middle school students. METHODS: Junior students of 4 middle schools from 2 cities and 2 small towns were sampled by stratified cluster random sampling method in Xiangfan and Daye respectively, and data was gathered from self-report questionnaires then analyized using SPSS 12.0. RESULTS: Among 1079 junior middle school students, 80.00% of them having good grades for questions about drugs in general while 34.24% ones having poor grades for questions regarding drugs addiction. 54.47% and 41.79% of the students were puzzled on questions related to the harm of drug on brain and body respectively. 30.00% of the students misunderstood the behaviors related to drugs and another 3.20% of them were curious about drugs. 1.58% of the boys and 1.22% of the girls ever having used drugs,with the average age was 9.5 years old when started using drugs. 25.20% of the students ever persuaded their friends to keep away from drugs,while 44.05%-61.29% would refuse the advice from their friends in persuading them to be off from drugs. CONCLUSION: Junior students had poor knowledge or even wrong ideas about the harm caused by drug, suggesting that it was in urgent need to effectively develop preventive education based on the characteristics of adolescents.