ABSTRACT
Photothermal therapy (PTT) has been widely employed in tumor treatment due to the non-invasive, highly selective, and low toxic side effects. However, the limited penetration of laser couples with the metastasis and recurrence of tumors, thus failing to eliminate them. Here, we report that ceria-loaded gold@platinum (CeO2/Au@Pt) nanospheres modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG). exhibit dual enzymatic activities for photothermal-catalytic synergistic therapy of tumors. CeO2/Au@Pt nanospheres are constructed through the loading of ultra-small CeO2 into core-shell Au@Pt nanospheres. In such a construct, Au@Pt enables targeted PTT, thanks to exceptional photothermal properties, while CeO2 nanozymes alleviate tumor hypoxia and kill tumor cells by producing highly toxic hydroxyl radicals (·OH) based on catalase- and peroxidase-like activities. Synergistic photothermal-catalytic therapy is achieved by delivering nanozymes to the tumor microenvironment (TME) coupled with PTT. This photothermal-catalytic approach that combines simultaneous exogenous and endogenous activation is a potential option for tumor co-therapy.
Subject(s)
Metal Nanoparticles , Nanospheres , Neoplasms , Catalase , Cell Line, Tumor , Gold/pharmacology , Gold/therapeutic use , Humans , Metal Nanoparticles/therapeutic use , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Photothermal Therapy , Platinum/pharmacology , Polyethylene Glycols , Tumor MicroenvironmentABSTRACT
MXenes have aroused widespread interest in the biomedical field owing to their remarkable photo-thermal conversion capabilities combined with large specific surface areas. MXenes quantum dots (MQDs) have been synthesized either by the physical or chemical methods based on MXenes as precursors, which possess smaller size, higher photoluminescence, coupled with low cytotoxicity and many beneficial properties of MXenes, thereby having potential biomedical applications. Given this, this review summarized the synthesis methods, optical, surface and biological properties of MQDs along with their practical applications in the field of biomedicine. Finally, the authors make an outlook towards the synthesis, properties and applications of MQDs in the future biomedicine field.
