Peeling-Stiffening Self-Adhesive Ionogel with Superhigh Interfacial Toughness.

Self-adhesive materials that can directly adhere to diverse solid surfaces are indispensable in modern life and technologies. However, it remains a challenge to develop self-adhesive materials with strong adhesion while maintaining its intrinsic softness for efficient tackiness. Here, a peeling-stiffening self-adhesive ionogel that reconciles the seemingly contradictory properties of softness and strong adhesion is reported. The ionogel contains two ionophilic repeating units with distinct associating affinities, which allows to adaptively wet rough surface in the soft dissipating state for adhering, and to dramatically stiffen to the glassy state upon peeling. The corresponding modulus increases by 117 times driven by strain-rate-induced phase separation, which greatly suppresses crack propagation and results in a super high interfacial toughness of 8046 J m-2 . The self-adhesive ionogel is also transparent, self-healable, recyclable, and can be easily removed by simple moisture treatment. This strategy provides a new way to design high-performance self-adhesive materials for intelligent soft devices.

Aqueous spinning of robust, self-healable, and crack-resistant hydrogel microfibers enabled by hydrogen bond nanoconfinement.

Robust damage-tolerant hydrogel fibers with high strength, crack resistance, and self-healing properties are indispensable for their long-term uses in soft machines and robots as load-bearing and actuating elements. However, current hydrogel fibers with inherent homogeneous structure are generally vulnerable to defects and cracks and thus local mechanical failure readily occurs across fiber normal. Here, inspired by spider spinning, we introduce a facile, energy-efficient aqueous pultrusion spinning process to continuously produce stiff yet extensible hydrogel microfibers at ambient conditions. The resulting microfibers are not only crack-insensitive but also rapidly heal the cracks in 30 s by moisture, owing to their structural nanoconfinement with hydrogen bond clusters embedded in an ionically complexed hygroscopic matrix. Moreover, the nanoconfined structure is highly energy-dissipating, moisture-sensitive but stable in water, leading to excellent damping and supercontraction properties. This work creates opportunities for the sustainable spinning of robust hydrogel-based fibrous materials towards diverse intelligent applications.

Insulin Aspart Combined with Exercise Therapy in Spleen Deficiency Type Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: The Effect on Disease Control and Pregnancy Outcomes.

Objective: To investigate the effect of insulin aspart combined with exercise therapy on the disease control and pregnancy outcomes of spleen deficiency type gestational diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: In this prospective study, a total of 102 patients with spleen deficiency type gestational diabetes mellitus admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to December 2019 were selected and assigned at a ratio of 1 : 1 via the random number table method to receive insulin aspart (control group) or insulin aspart plus exercise therapy (observation group). Outcome measures include blood sugar, clinical efficacy, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and complications. Results: Insulin aspart plus exercise therapy was associated with significantly lower blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels versus insulin aspart alone (P < 0.05). Insulin aspart plus exercise therapy resulted in significantly higher total efficacy (96.08%) versus insulin aspart (74.51%) (P < 0.05). Patients receiving insulin aspart plus exercise therapy showed a significantly lower incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes (3.92%) versus those given insulin aspart alone (37.25%) (P < 0.05). Insulin aspart plus exercise therapy resulted in a lower incidence of complications (5.88%) versus insulin aspart (41.17%) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Exercise therapy plus insulin aspart might offer a viable treatment alternative for patients with spleen deficiency-type gestational diabetes mellitus given its promising effects in disease control and pregnancy outcomes, with good efficacy and safety profiles.

Transition metal free decarboxylative fluoroalkylation of N-acrylamides with 3,3,3-trifluoro-2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid (TFDMPA).

A novel transition metal-free decarboxylative fluoroalkylation of activated alkenes and C-H functionalization cascade process has been developed. This approach provides an efficient way to construct valuable 1,1-dimethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl substituted oxindoles.