ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Gastric outlet obstruction is characterized by the retention of gastric contents. Removal of gastric contents is an important part of the treatment strategy. The use of a nasogastric tube alone can result in inadequate removal of gastric contents. We treated a patient with advanced gastric cancer and gastric outlet obstruction with pancrelipase to aid in the removal of gastric contents. PRESENTATION OF CASE: The patient is an 81-year-old man with a Type 3 gastric cancer nearly circumferentially involving the antrum, resulting in gastric outlet obstruction. A nasogastric tube was placed for four days, but drainage of gastric contents was inadequate. Pancrelipase was then given orally for four days, and gastric contents were evacuated. The patient underwent distal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction and was discharged from the hospital on postoperative day 14. DISCUSSION: This report suggests that pancrelipase may be beneficial in the treatment of patients with gastric outlet obstruction. CONCLUSION: Pancrelipase allowed gastric contents to be evacuated in a short period of time in a patient with gastric outlet obstruction.
ABSTRACT
Schwannomas are rarely located in the pelvis. A 54-year-old woman was found incidentally to have a tumor in the abdomen. Abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a well-defined, heterogeneous tumor, 5 cm in diameter, in the pelvic cavity. With a diagnosis of a mesenteric tumor, a laparoscopic procedure was performed. Intra-operatively, an elastic tumor was identified in the pelvis adjacent to the right internal iliac vein and ureter. The tumor was dissected free from adjacent structures using Liga-Sure and blunt maneuvers. A complete laparoscopic excision was performed. Histopathological examination revealed a benign schwannoma. The patient had an uneventful post-operative course, and was discharged on the fourth post-operative day. Laparoscopic treatment is useful and feasible for retroperitoneal pelvic schwannoma, with minimal invasiveness and an early post-operative recovery. Thus, this procedure may be the first-choice surgical procedure for retroperitoneal pelvic schwannomas.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The endoscopic resection of early gastric cancers (EGC) is a standard technique in Japan and is increasingly used throughout the world. Further experience in the treatment of EGC and a clearer delineation of the factors related to lymph-node metastasis would permit a more accurate assessment of endoscopic resection. METHODS: The study group comprised 1,389 patients with EGC who underwent gastrectomy with lymph-node dissection. We evaluated the relations of lymph-node metastasis to clinicopathological factors. RESULTS: Of the 718 patients with intramucosal carcinomas, 14 (1.9%) had lymph-node metastasis. All cases of lymph-node metastasis were associated with ulceration. No lymph-node metastasis was found in patients with intramucosal carcinomas without ulceration, irrespective of tumor size and histological type. Lymph-node metastasis was present in 14 (4.7%) of the 296 patients who had cancer with a submucosal invasion depth of less than 500 microm (sm1). Significantly increased rates of lymph-node metastasis were associated with undifferentiated types, ulcerated lesions and lymphatic invasion. No lymph-node metastasis was found in patients with differentiated sm1 carcinomas 30 mm or less in diameter without ulceration. Lymph-node metastasis occurred in 29% of the patients who had cancer with a submucosal invasion depth of 500 microm or more (sm2). CONCLUSION: This large series of patients with EGC provides further evidence supporting the expansion of indications for endoscopic treatment, as well as warns against potential risks.
Subject(s)
Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal , Lymph Node Excision , Stomach Neoplasms/pathology , Stomach Neoplasms/surgery , Adult , Female , Humans , Lymphatic Metastasis , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Intraoperative Tumor site recognition is extremely difficult during laparoscopic surgical treatment of early-stage gastrointestinal carcinoma. A novel marking method that uses both metallic clips and a marking clip detector system (MCDS, Olympus Optical Co., Tokyo, Japan) modified from a metal detector system, was designed by the authors. Metallic clips were applied to the tumor site during preoperative endoscopy, and the clip site was identified intraoperatively using the MCDS. In a basic ex vivo study, three metallic clips were detected easily (100% detection). In a clinical study, the marking site was detected in all gastric cancer patients who underwent laparoscopic subtotal gastrectomy. The mean distance between detected site and clip along the longitudinal bowel axis was 6.4 +/- 2.9 mm. Mean detection time was 18.1 +/- 5.7 seconds. None of the patients in this study experienced complications from this marking technique. MCDS allows accurate identification of tumor sites. This method may be useful for tumor-site identification during laparoscopic gastrectomy.
