ABSTRACT
Bordetella bronchiseptica infection is a common cause of pneumonia in animals but rarely causes disease in humans. Additionally, coinfection with Pneumocystis jirovecii is very uncommon and is occasionally seen in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). We report a case of a 61-year-old HIV-negative man, who presented with hypoxic respiratory failure 2 days after completion of systemic intravenous antibiotic treatment for B bronchiseptica. His past medical history was significant for a benign thymoma. The patient was found to be coinfected with B bronchiseptica and P jirovecii. Laboratory results showed panhypogammaglobulinemia and low absolute B- and CD4 T-cells. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed with Good's syndrome. However, despite treatment with intravenous antibiotics and intravenous immunoglobulin, the patient continued to deteriorate and expired. This patient demonstrates the importance of recognizing this rare immunodeficiency early in order to improve morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, this case highlights the importance of early immunoglobulin screening in the presence of asymptomatic thymoma.
ABSTRACT
A 68-year-old man was referred to the pulmonary clinic for evaluation of cough and a 5-cm right upper lobe mass. He was in his usual state of health until 1 year prior when he developed intermittent cough, wheezing, and sinus congestion. He denied any sputum production or hemoptysis. He also denied any fevers, chills, or weight loss. He had received various treatments within the prior 6 months, including short courses of oral prednisone, levofloxacin, and bronchodilators, without any relief of his symptoms.
Subject(s)
Cough/diagnosis , Immunoglobulin E/blood , Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis , Itraconazole/administration & dosage , Prednisone/administration & dosage , Respiratory Sounds/diagnosis , Aged , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage , Antifungal Agents/administration & dosage , Cough/etiology , Drug Monitoring/methods , Humans , Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis/blood , Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis/diagnosis , Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis/drug therapy , Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis/physiopathology , Male , Respiratory Sounds/etiology , Symptom Assessment/methods , Thermoactinomyces/isolation & purification , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Idiopathic giant cell myocarditis (IGCM) is a rare disease causing progressive myocarditis characterized by myocardial necrosis and giant cells. Patients often present with rapidly progressive heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias, and heart block. Without treatment, the disease often results in progressive pump failure requiring urgent cardiac transplantation or the need for mechanical circulatory support. The underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms are not yet defined but appear to involve genetics, autoimmune disorders, and possibly environmental factors such as viruses. Combined immunosuppressive regimens appear to prolong survival from death or cardiac transplant. Nevertheless, cardiac transplant is an effective treatment. The disease can recur in the transplanted heart resulting in death or the need for retransplant.
Subject(s)
Giant Cells/pathology , Myocarditis/diagnosis , Cardiovascular Agents/therapeutic use , Heart Transplantation , Heart-Assist Devices , Humans , Myocarditis/epidemiology , Myocarditis/physiopathology , Myocarditis/therapy , Rare Diseases/diagnosis , Rare Diseases/epidemiology , Rare Diseases/physiopathology , Rare Diseases/therapyABSTRACT
We present a series of three patients who suffered penetrating thoracic injury, and in whom thoracic packing was used as a life-saving procedure. Survival among these patients paralleled the severity and extent of the original injuries. Restriction of cardiac filling and lung expansion are potential deterrents from using this technique; however, its use seems to be a valid adjunct, especially in the setting of chest wall bleeding coming from the intercostal arteries. Damage control surgery in pentrating thoracic trauma, including thoracic packing, is a sound alternative when uncontrollable bleeding, hypothermia and coagulopathy compromises the survival of a patient.
