ABSTRACT
The paper describes the results of comparatively analyzing the parameters of apoptosis, micro- and macroelement spectrum of peripheral blood lymphocytes in healthy donors and in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary tuberculosis. In drug-responsive and drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis, unidirectional pretreatment changes were generally recorded in the activity of apoptosis and the spectrum of chemical elements of peripheral blood lymphocytes, which were most pronounced after completion of a phase of intensive antituberculosis chemotherapy. After termination of a complete course of the therapy, apoptotic activity lowered with the cationic composition of cells being normalized. The parameters differentiating pulmonary tuberculosis from COPD were ascertained, these included increases in the count of apoptotic cells and the cell concentrations of Ca2+, Zn2+, and Mg2+.
Subject(s)
Apoptosis , Lymphocytes/chemistry , Lymphocytes/pathology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/blood , Aluminum/blood , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , Calcium/blood , Cations , Copper/blood , Humans , Iron/blood , Magnesium/blood , Male , Manganese/blood , Middle Aged , Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/blood , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Zinc/bloodABSTRACT
The data of modem literature and the results of original investigations on mechanisms of immunopathological alterations in tuberculosis infection are presented. The role of cellular and humoral parts of immunity in pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis is discussed and cytokine-mediated mechanisms of disorders in a specific immune response are analysed.
Subject(s)
Immune System , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary , Apoptosis/immunology , B-Lymphocytes/immunology , Cytokines/immunology , Humans , Immune System/immunology , Immune System/pathology , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/immunology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/pathologyABSTRACT
The authors studied functional characteristics of mononuclear leucocytes in patients with drug-sensitive and drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. The study found decrease of the number of C3b- and Fcchi-receptorpositive monocytes and increase of their saturation activity in both categories of pulmonary tuberculosis before and after antituberculous therapy. The study revealed increase of interferons alpha and chi production and, at the same time, decrease of tumor necrosis factor alpha, which was more prominent in cases of drug-sensitive tuberculosis, and depression of interleukin 2 secretion, more prominent during chemotherapy in cases of drug-resistant tuberculosis.
Subject(s)
Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism , Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/blood , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/blood , Adult , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , Biomarkers/blood , Female , Humans , Interferon-alpha/metabolism , Interleukin-2/metabolism , Male , Middle Aged , Receptors, Complement 3b/metabolism , Receptors, Fc/metabolism , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapyABSTRACT
LPO and apoptosis in blood mononuclear cells were studied in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis before and during treatment with standard chemotherapeutics. Pulmonary tuberculosis was accompanied by LPO activation and intensification of apoptosis in lymphocytes and monocytes. These changes were observed before and after the course of intensive care. The intensity of lipid peroxidation retuned to normal, while activity of apoptosis remained high after therapy.