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1.
Clin Exp Immunol ; 161(1): 159-70, 2010 Jul 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20456411

ABSTRACT

Natural killer T (NK T) cells have been shown to play an essential role in the development of allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and/or airway inflammation in mouse models of acute asthma. Recently, NK T cells have been reported to be required for the development of AHR in a virus induced chronic asthma model. We investigated whether NK T cells were required for the development of allergen-induced AHR, airway inflammation and airway remodelling in a mouse model of chronic asthma. CD1d-/- mice that lack NK T cells were used for the experiments. In the chronic model, AHR, eosinophilic inflammation, remodelling characteristics including mucus metaplasia, subepithelial fibrosis and increased mass of the airway smooth muscle, T helper type 2 (Th2) immune response and immunoglobulin (Ig)E production were equally increased in both CD1d-/- mice and wild-type mice. However, in the acute model, AHR, eosinophilic inflammation, Th2 immune response and IgE production were significantly decreased in the CD1d-/- mice compared to wild-type. CD1d-dependent NK T cells may not be required for the development of allergen-induced AHR, eosinophilic airway inflammation and airway remodelling in chronic asthma model, although they play a role in the development of AHR and eosinophilic inflammation in acute asthma model.


Subject(s)
Airway Remodeling/immunology , Allergens/toxicity , Bronchial Hyperreactivity/immunology , Bronchitis/immunology , Natural Killer T-Cells/immunology , Acute Disease , Airway Resistance , Animals , Antigens, CD1d/genetics , Asthma , Bronchial Hyperreactivity/etiology , Bronchitis/etiology , Chronic Disease , Disease Models, Animal , Female , Fibrosis , Immunoglobulin E/biosynthesis , Immunoglobulin E/genetics , Male , Metaplasia , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Mice, Knockout , Muscle, Smooth/pathology , Ovalbumin/immunology , Ovalbumin/toxicity , Pulmonary Eosinophilia/etiology , Th2 Cells/immunology
2.
Nat Prod Res ; 23(4): 375-87, 2009.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19296378

ABSTRACT

Glycoprotein from Geranium sibiricum Linne (GSL) with 18 kDa was isolated and it consists of carbohydrate moiety (10.45%) and protein moiety (89.55%). The GSL glycoprotein was characterised by its radical scavenging activity under various experimental conditions. When GSL glycoprotein was treated with deactivation agents (pronase E or NaIO(4)), its scavenging activity decreased in both cases. It has optimal and maximal activity in acidic, neutral pH (up to pH 9), and up to 85 degrees C. Also, its activity reduced in the case of Ca(2+) and Mn(2+), with the exception of the Mg(2+) case. Its activity in the presence of Mn(2+) declined more than in the case of the Ca(2+). Also, GSL glycoprotein (500 microg mL(-1)) has antioxidative effects on hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals in cell-free systems, and GSL glycoprotein (200 microg mL(-1)) significantly protected from cytotoxicity in the GO (100 mU mL(-1))-treated Chang liver cells for 4 h.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/chemistry , Antioxidants/isolation & purification , Geranium/chemistry , Glycoproteins/chemistry , Glycoproteins/isolation & purification , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , HT29 Cells , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Hydroxyl Radical/chemistry , Ions/pharmacology , Protein Stability/drug effects , Superoxides/chemistry , Temperature
3.
Gynecol Oncol ; 73(2): 292-8, 1999 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10329049

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the follow-up methods and results of atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGUS) detected on cervicovaginal Pap smears. METHODS: From May 1991 to December 1996, we have performed 407, 451 cervicovaginal Pap smears, of which 326 patients were identified as AGUS. Of the 326 patients, 268 patients were followed by repeat Pap smears, colposcopy, cone biopsy, or endometrial curettage. RESULTS: The incidence of AGUS on Pap smears is approximately 0.08%. The mean age of the patients was 43 years (range 22-79 years). The most common complaint was abnormal vaginal bleeding. The gross findings of the cervix were normal to mild erosion. The following past histories of patients could affect the AGUS results on Pap smear: 30 had cone biopsy, 21 had Pap smears on pregnancy and within 8 weeks after delivery or evacuation, 3 were on hormonal replacement therapy, 2 had intrauterine devices for contraception, and 5 were undergoing follow-up after treatment of cervical cancer. The benign lesions detected during follow-up periods were 6 microglandular hyperplasia of the cervix, 5 atypical squamous metaplasia of the cervix, 2 cervical endometriosis, 2 tubal metaplasia, 10 cervical myoma, 11 cervical polyps, 9 endometrial polyps, 3 uterine myoma, 1 pelvic endometriosis, 1 ovarian endometriosis, and 4 uterine adenomyosis. The premalignant or malignant lesions of the cervix were 4 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, 24 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, 8 glandular atypia/dysplasia, 5 adenocarcinoma in situ, 3 microinvasive adenocarcinoma, and 4 invasive adenocarcinoma. The neoplastic lesions of the uterus were 6 endometrial hyperplasia, 11 endometrial adenocarcinoma, 1 malignant mixed Müllerian tumor, and 1 metastatic endometrial adenocarcinoma. Sixty-seven (25%) of 268 patients followed up were identified as having clinically significant lesions of the cervix or uterus. The detection rates of abnormal lesions were 3.1% with repeated Pap smears (3/98), 28.4% with colposcopic-directed biopsy (31/109), 63.6% with cone biopsy (35/55), and 29.7% with endometrial curettage (19/64). CONCLUSION: AGUS on Pap smears showed various benign and malignant lesions of the cervix or uterus. The clinicians must communicate with the pathologists regarding the patient's clinical information as well as the origin of the atypical glandular cells in Pap smears. We recommend that patients with AGUS on Pap smear should undergo immediate intensive diagnostic studies, including colposcopic-directed biopsy with endocervical curettage or cone biopsy, to detect cervical lesions and endometrial curettage to detect endometrial lesions.


Subject(s)
Cervix Uteri/pathology , Genital Diseases, Female/pathology , Papanicolaou Test , Vagina/pathology , Vaginal Smears , Adult , Aged , Algorithms , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Genital Diseases, Female/epidemiology , Humans , Middle Aged
4.
Gynecol Oncol ; 70(1): 56-60, 1998 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9698474

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the patterns of hepatic involvement and the outcome of patients with hepatic metastases from carcinoma of the uterine cervix. METHODS: Of 1665 patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix, 20 patients with hepatic metastases were detected clinically during the course of the disease. Clinical presentation and detailed patterns of hepatic involvement were retrospectively reviewed for these patients. Comparative analysis between patterns of heaptic metastases and survival data was also undertaken. RESULTS: Hepatic metastasis from carcinoma of the uterine cervix were nearly always accompanied by uncontrolled locoregional diseases and/or extrahepatic metastases, whereas only 1 patient developed an isolated hepatic metastasis. Ninety percent of the hepatic metastases were metachronously detected. The median time from the appearance of primary carcinoma to detection of hepatic metastases was 39 months, but late metastases after 5 years were not uncommon. Metastatic lesion in 16 patients consisted of multiple tumors distributed in either one or both anatomical lobes, whereas only 4 patients had a solitary lesion confined to a single lobe. Patients with hepatic metastases were unlikely to survive 2 years with a median survival of 10 months. CONCLUSION: Favorable patterns of hepatic metastases in patient with carcinoma of the uterine cervix were not major determinants of favorable survival if components of extrahepatic disease were concomitantly present.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma/secondary , Liver Neoplasms/secondary , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology , Adult , Aged , Carcinoma/mortality , Female , Humans , Liver Neoplasms/mortality , Middle Aged , Survival Rate , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/mortality
5.
Am J Obstet Gynecol ; 166(5): 1335-8, 1992 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1595787

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of our study was to determine if frozen section accurately identifies certain poor prognostic pathologic factors in endometrial carcinoma that are known to be associated with pelvic and paraaortic nodal metastasis, including deep myometrial invasion, poorly differentiated tumor, cervical invasion, adnexal involvement, and poor histologic type. STUDY DESIGN: The frozen-section pathologic results of 199 patients with clinical stage I and II endometrial cancer were retrospectively compared with permanent-section pathologic findings. RESULTS: The depth of myometrial invasion (superficial third vs deep two thirds) was accurately determined by frozen-section diagnosis at surgery in 181 of 199 cases (91.0%). The sensitivity of frozen-section diagnosis for deep myometrial invasion was 82.7%, and the specificity was 89.1%. The following tumor characteristics were accurately determined on frozen section at surgery: poorly differentiated tumor (95.0%), cervical invasion (94.0%), adnexal involvement (98.5%), and histologic type (94.0%). Frozen section underestimated deep myometrial invasion in 17.3% of patients with this characteristic and poorly differentiated tumor in 26.3% when compared with permanent-section diagnosis. In patients with unfavorable histologic types, papillary serous and adenosquamous carcinomas were the most commonly misdiagnosed histologic types by frozen section at surgery (70.6%). However, when the preoperative curettage pathologic findings were included, these inaccuracies in tumor grade and histologic type dropped to 15.8% and 35.3%, respectively. Only 13 of 199 patients (6.5%) were not correctly identified by frozen section at surgery as having poor prognostic pathologic features. CONCLUSION: Frozen section diagnosis at surgery is an important procedure that enables the surgeon to identify patients at high risk for pelvic and paraaortic nodal metastasis.


Subject(s)
Frozen Sections , Myometrium/pathology , Uterine Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Adnexa Uteri/pathology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Carcinoma, Papillary/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Papillary/pathology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Cervix Uteri/pathology , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Prognosis , Uterine Neoplasms/pathology
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