ABSTRACT
Currently, there are 1,047 sand fly species described worldwide. Brazil holds the greatest species richness in the Americas. The genus Sciopemyia Barretto, 1962 consists of eight species with Sciopemyia sordellii as its type species. Described by Shannon & Del Ponte in 1927, based on a single male specimen from Argentina, it has two junior synonymies: Phlebotomus nordestinus Mangabeira, 1942 and Phlebotomus longicornutus Floch & Abonnenc, 1943. The female of Sc. sordellii was not formally described and, until now, the female described as Ph. longicornutus was considered the female of Sc. sordellii. Here, we provide the description of the female of Sc. sordellii as well as a detailed redescription of the male. In addition, after a taxonomic review of specimens previously identified as Sc. sordellii or "Sc. microps aff." we propose the description of four new species. To obtain morphological and morphometrical data, specimens deposited in the "Coleção de Flebotomíneos" (FIOCRUZ/COLFLEB) and in the "Coleção de Flebotomíneos da Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo" (LESP-Phlebotominae) were analyzed. Descriptions of Sciopemyia species and their synonymies were checked. A total of 318 specimens (145 females and 173 males) were examined and firstly grouped as morphospecies. Within the genus Sciopemyia, the closest species to Sc. sordellii is Sc. vattierae, whose males are separated by the size of flagellomere I, aedeagal ducts and epandrial lobe. Females, on the other hand, show differences in the spermathecae. The female of Sciopemyia apicalis sp. n. remains unknown; Wheareas, the male is morphologically closer to Sc. sordellii, and they differ on the arrangement of the spines of the gonostyle. Sciopemyia dantastorresi sp. n. and Sciopemyia shimabukuroae sp. n. are sister species, whose identification is only possible from male specimens, since no differences were found between females. The female of Sciopemyia birali sp. n. is similar to the females of Sc. microps and Sc. servulolimai but is distinguished from them by characters of the cibarium, palps, and individual spermathecal ducts. The male of Sciopemyia birali sp. n. remains unknown. Drawings and a dichotomous key for both sexes are provided.
Subject(s)
Phlebotomus , Psychodidae , Female , Male , Animals , BrazilABSTRACT
Here, we present the description of male of the sand fly species Evandromyia gaucha. Six male specimens of E. gaucha, together with conspecific females, were collected in native forest areas of the municipalities of Porto Alegre, Caçapava do Sul (type locality of E. gaucha) and Santa Cruz do Sul, in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The specimens are distinguished from other species of the rupicola series of the genus Evandromyia by the presence of dilatation in the apical quarter of the genital filaments followed by tapering of the final portion.
ABSTRACT
The taxonomic status of Phlebotomus breviductus Barretto, 1950 was evaluated based on the morphological and morphometric analysis of the male holotype described from Fazenda Jerusalém, located in the municipality of Alegre, Espírito Santo state, Brazil. After measuring, drawing and photographing the holotype, we concluded that the head and wing of this specimen belong to Trichopygomyia sp., but that the thorax and abdomen belong to a different species, Nyssomyia umbratilis, with an anomalous gonostylus having five spines. The holotype slide consists of parts of specimens representing two different species, thus P. breviductus is not a valid species.
Subject(s)
Phlebotomus/classification , Animal Distribution , Animal Structures/anatomy & histology , Animals , Brazil , Ecosystem , Female , Male , Phlebotomus/anatomy & histologyABSTRACT
Sand flies from Central Amazonia and four new records for the Amazonas state, Brazil. A survey was conducted in May and June 2008 to study the fauna of insects in Central Amazonia, Brazil. As part of the survey, we report here that sixty species of phlebotomine were identified, totaling 13,712 specimens from 13 genera. The collection sites were located at the border between the states of Pará and Amazonas, comprising three municipalities from the Amazonas state (Borba, Maués, and Nhamundá). Malaise, CDC and Shannon traps were used to collect the insects. Most of the sand flies were collected by CDC traps (89.5%), while Malaise and Shannon traps collected 7% and 3.5%, respectively. The most abundant genera, representing 97.1% of the total sand flies identified were: Trichopygomyia Barretto, 1962 (47.6%), Psathyromyia Barretto, 1962 (17.9%), Psychodopygus Mangabeira, 1941 (17.5%) and Trichophoromyia Barretto, 1962 (14.3%). The genera with the largest number of species identified were: Psychodopygus (14), Psathyromyia (10), Evandromyia Mangabeira, 1941 (7), Trichophoromyia (5) and Trichopygomyia (5). The most abundant species was Trichopygomyia trichopyga (Floch & Abonnenc, 1945), which represented 29% of the total sand flies identified. Here we also report new records for four species in the Amazonas state: Ps. complexus (Mangabeira, 1941), Ps. llanosmartinsi Fraiha & Ward, 1980, Ty. pinna (Feliciangeli, Ramirez-Pérez & Ramirez, 1989), and Th. readyi (Ryan, 1986). The results of this study provide new, additional information on the distribution of sand flies in the Amazon and increase the number of species in the Amazonas state from 127 to 131.
Flebotomíneos da Amazônia Central e quatro novos registros para o estado do Amazonas, Brasil. Um levantamento foi conduzido em maio e junho de 2008 para estudar a fauna de insetos da Amazônia Central, Brasil. Como parte desta pesquisa, foram registradas 60 espécies de um total de 13.712 espécimes pertencentes a 13 gêneros. Os locais de coleta localizaram-se na fronteira dos estados do Pará e do Amazonas, incluindo três municípios do estado do Amazonas (Borba, Maués e Nhamundá). Armadilhas do tipo Malaise, CDC e Shannon foram utilizadas para coletar os insetos. A maioria dos flebotomíneos foi coletada em armadilhas CDC (89,5%), enquanto que as armadilhas Malaise e de Shannon coletaram 7% e 3,5%, respectivamente. Os gêneros mais abundantes, representando 97,1% do total de flebotomíneos identificados foram: Trichopygomyia Barretto, 1962 (47,6%), Psathyromyia Barretto, 1962 (17,9%), Psychodopygus Mangabeira, 1941 (17,5%) e Trichophoromyia Barretto, 1962 (14,3%). Os gêneros com o maior número de espécies identificadas foram Psychodopygus (14), Psathyromyia (10), Evandromyia Mangabeira, 1941 (7), Trichophoromyia (5) e Trichopygomyia (5). A espécie mais abundante foi Trichopygomyia trichopyga (Floch & Abonnenc, 1945) a qual representou 29% do total de flebotomíneos identificados. Também são registradas quatro novas espécies para o estado do Amazonas: Ps. complexus (Mangabeira, 1941), Ps. llanosmartinsi Fraiha & Ward, 1980, Ty. pinna (Feliciangeli, Ramirez-Pérez & Ramirez, 1989), e Th. readyi (Ryan, 1986). Os resultados deste estudo fornecem informações novas e adicionais sobre a distribuição de flebotomíneos da Amazônia e aumenta o número de espécies no estado do Amazonas de 127 para 131.
