Subject(s)
Animal Culling , Influenza A virus/pathogenicity , Influenza in Birds/epidemiology , Influenza, Human/etiology , Laboratories/statistics & numerical data , Poultry/virology , Animals , Chickens/virology , Humans , Influenza A virus/classification , Influenza in Birds/transmission , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Influenza, Human/prevention & control , Japan/epidemiology , Reassortant VirusesABSTRACT
A 39-year-old man with nephrotic syndrome was admitted due to right dorsal pain. Contrast-enhanced CT led to a diagnosis of renal vein thrombosis and segmental pulmonary thromboembolism. Treatment with heparin and warfarin was started. After 1 month, pulmonary thromboembolism recurred. Warfarin was switched to edoxaban, and steroid therapy was initiated, which led to the remission of nephrotic syndrome and the disappearance of renal vein thrombosis. The efficacy of edoxaban was demonstrated; however, this drug has not been routinely selected for patients with renal disease. Our results suggest that edoxaban is also effective for treating venous thrombosis patients with nephrotic syndrome.
Subject(s)
Factor Xa Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Heparin/therapeutic use , Nephrotic Syndrome/drug therapy , Pulmonary Embolism/drug therapy , Pyridines/therapeutic use , Thiazoles/therapeutic use , Venous Thrombosis/drug therapy , Warfarin/therapeutic use , Adult , Humans , Male , Renal Veins/physiopathology , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
Diabetic Nephropathies/mortality , Hypertension/mortality , Kidney Failure, Chronic/mortality , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
To date, 11 loss of function mutations in the human urate transporter 1 (hURAT1) gene have been identified in subjects with idiopathic renal hypouricemia. In the present studies we investigated the clinical features and the mutations in the hURAT1 gene in seven families with presecretory reabsorption defect-type renal hypouricemia and in one family with the postsecretory reabsorption defect type. Twelve affected subjects and 26 family members were investigated. Mutations were analyzed by PCR and the direct sequencing method. Urate-transporting activities of wild-type and mutant hURAT1 were determined by [14C]urate uptake in Xenopus oocytes. Mutational analysis revealed three previously reported mutations (G774A, A1145T, and 1639-1643 del-GTCCT) and a novel mutation (T1253G) in families with the presecretory reabsorption defect type. Neither mutations in the coding region of hURAT1 gene nor significant segregation patterns of the hURAT1 locus were detected in the postsecretory reabsorption defect type. All hURAT1 mutants had significantly reduced urate-transporting activities compared with wild type (P < 0.05; n = 12), suggesting that T1253G is a loss of function mutation, and hURAT1 is responsible for the presecretory reabsorption defect-type familial renal hypouricemia. Future studies are needed to identify a responsible gene for the postsecretory reabsorption defect-type familial renal hypouricemia.
