Multivariate Analysis of Biochemical Properties Reveals Diversity among Yardlong Beans of Different Origins.

This study analyzed the nutrient levels, secondary metabolite contents, and antioxidant activities of 35 yardlong bean accessions from China, Korea, Myanmar, and Thailand, along with their key agronomic traits. Significant variations were found in all the parameters analyzed (p < 0.05). The crude fiber (CFC), dietary fiber (DFC), total protein, and total fat contents varied from 4.10 to 6.51%, 16.71 to 23.49%, 22.45 to 28.11%, and 0.59 to 2.00%, respectively. HPLC analysis showed more than a 10-fold difference in vitamin C level (0.23 to 3.04 mg/g), whereas GC-FID analysis revealed the dominance of palmitic acid and linoleic acid. All accessions had high levels of total unsaturated fatty acids, which could help in preventing cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, total phenolic, tannin, and saponin contents ranged between 3.78 and 9.13 mg GAE/g, 31.20 and 778.34 mg CE/g, and 25.79 and 82.55 mg DE/g, respectively. Antioxidant activities like DPPH• scavenging, ABTS•+ scavenging, and reducing power (RP) ranged between 1.63 and 9.95 mg AAE/g, 6.51 and 21.21 mg TE/g, and 2.02, and 15.58 mg AAE/g, respectively. Days to flowering, total fat, palmitic acid, oleic acid, and TPC were significantly influenced by origin and genotype differences, while seeds per pod, one-hundred seeds weight, CFC, DFC, vitamin C, RP, and TSC were not affected by these factors. Multivariate analysis categorized the accessions into four clusters showing significant variations in most of the analyzed parameters. Correlation analysis also revealed significant relationships between several noteworthy parameters. Overall, this comprehensive analysis of biochemical factors revealed diversity among the different yardlong bean varieties. These findings could have practical applications in industries, breeding programs, and conservation efforts.

Comprehensive Characterization of Global Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Collection Using Agronomic Traits, ß-Glucan Level, Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant Activities.

This study characterized the diversity of 367 barley collections from 27 different countries, including 5 control cultivars, using several phenotypic traits. Morphological traits, including spike type, grain morphology, cold damage, and lodging rate, exhibited wide variations. Eighteen accessions matured early, while four accessions had longer culm and spike lengths than the controls. The ranges of total phenolic content (TPC), ß-glucan content, ABTS•+ scavenging activity, DPPH• scavenging activity, and reducing power (RP) were 1.79-6.79 mg GAE/g, 0.14-8.41 g/100 g, 3.07-13.54 mg AAE/100 g, 1.56-6.24 mg AAE/g, and 1.31-7.86 mg AAE/g, respectively. Betaone, one of the controls, had the highest ß-glucan content. Two accessions had ß-glucan levels close to Betaone. Furthermore, 20 accessions exhibited increased TPC compared to the controls, while 5 accessions displayed elevated ABTS•+ scavenging activity. Among these, one accession also exhibited higher DPPH• scavenging activity and RP simultaneously. Based on the statistical analysis of variance, all the quantitative traits were significantly affected by the difference in origin (p < 0.05). On the other hand, grain morphology significantly affected biochemical traits. Multivariate analysis classified barley accessions into eight groups, demonstrating variations in quantitative traits. There were noteworthy correlations between biochemical and agronomical traits. Overall, this study characterized several barley varieties of different origins, anticipating future genomic research. The barley accessions with superior performances could be valuable alternatives in breeding.

Analysis of Genetic Diversity in Adzuki Beans (Vigna angularis): Insights into Environmental Adaptation and Early Breeding Strategies for Yield Improvement.

Adzuki beans are widely cultivated in East Asia and are one of the earliest domesticated crops. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the genetic diversity and domestication history of adzuki beans, we conducted Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS) analysis on 366 landraces originating from Korea, China, and Japan, resulting in 6586 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Population structure analysis divided these 366 landraces into three subpopulations. These three subpopulations exhibited distinctive distributions, suggesting that they underwent extended domestication processes in their respective regions of origin. Phenotypic variance analysis of the three subpopulations indicated that the Korean-domesticated subpopulation exhibited significantly higher 100-seed weights, the Japanese-domesticated subpopulation showed significantly higher numbers of grains per pod, and the Chinese-domesticated subpopulation displayed significantly higher numbers of pods per plant. We speculate that these differences in yield-related traits may be attributed to varying emphases placed by early breeders in these regions on the selection of traits related to yield. A large number of genes related to biotic/abiotic stress resistance and defense were found in most quantitative trait locus (QTL) for yield-related traits using genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Genomic sliding window analysis of Tajima's D and a genetic differentiation coefficient (Fst) revealed distinct domestication selection signatures and genotype variations on these QTLs within each subpopulation. These findings indicate that each subpopulation would have been subjected to varied biotic/abiotic stress events in different origins, of which these stress events have caused balancing selection differences in the QTL of each subpopulation. In these balancing selections, plants tend to select genotypes with strong resistance under biotic/abiotic stress, but reduce the frequency of high-yield genotypes to varying degrees. These biotic/abiotic stressors impact crop yield and may even lead to selection purging, resulting in the loss of several high-yielding genotypes among landraces. However, this also fuels the flow of crop germplasms. Overall, balancing selection appears to have a more significant impact on the three yield-related traits compared to breeder-driven domestication selection. These findings are crucial for understanding the impact of domestication selection history on landraces and yield-related traits, aiding in the improvement of adzuki bean varieties.

Nutrient Levels, Bioactive Metabolite Contents, and Antioxidant Capacities of Faba Beans as Affected by Dehulling.

Legume dehulling often removes anti-nutrients while improving nutritional quality. However, the process may reduce the levels of other health-promoting metabolites. This study investigated the effect of dehulling on major nutrients, bioactive metabolites, and antioxidant activities using 22 faba bean cultivars typically grown in different parts of the world. The faba bean cultivars differed significantly in all the parameters assessed. Crude fiber (CFC), dietary fiber (DFC), crude protein, and crude fat contents were in the ranges of 5.24-10.56, 16.17-25.15, 19.83-30.90, and 0.79-1.94% in the whole seeds and 0.96-1.59, 4.14-9.50, 22.47-36.61, and 1.13-2.07% in the dehulled seeds, respectively. Moreover, fatty acids including palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid, bioactive metabolites including total phenol (TPC), total saponin (TSC), and total tannin (TTC) contents, and antioxidant activities including ABTS•+-scavenging activity, ferric antioxidant power (FRAP), and DPPH•-scavenging activity also showed significant variations. Dehulling significantly reduced DFC (55.09-79.30%), CFC (69.61-87.52%), and TTC (1.70-66.99%) in all the faba bean cultivars while increasing total protein content (9.31-17.69%). Dehulling also increased the total fat content (3.02-48.13%) in all the cultivars except Giant Three Seeded, a Japanese cultivar, which showed a 12.62% decrease. In contrast, dehulling exhibited varying results on fatty acids, TPC, TSC, and antioxidant activities among the faba bean cultivars. Accordingly, three cultivars: Primus from Hungary, Levens Marschbohne from Germany, and Ascott from France, exhibited simultaneous increases in nutritional levels after dehulling. Domasna-2 from Macedonia, Abawi# 1 from Peru, Seville from the United Kingdom, and Large Mazandran from Iran, on the other hand, exhibited marked reductions in nutritional levels, functional metabolites, and antioxidant activities. In general, our findings indicated that dehulling reduces crude fiber, dietary fiber, and tannin levels while increasing protein and fat contents in faba beans. However, fatty acids, phenolic content, and antioxidant activity may not be equally affected by dehulling and, therefore, specific genotypes should be inspected.

Comprehensive evaluation of nutritional components, bioactive metabolites, and antioxidant activities in diverse sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) landraces.

Sorghum, one of the prospective crops for addressing future food and nutrition security, has received attention in recent years due to its health-promoting compounds. It is known that several environmental and genetic factors affect the metabolite contents of dietary crops. This study investigated the diversity of different nutrients, functional metabolites, and antioxidant activity using three different assays in 53 sorghum landraces from Korea, China, Japan, Ethiopia, and South Africa. The effects of origin and seed color variations were also investigated. Total phenolic (TPC), total tannin (TTC), total fat, total protein, total dietary fiber, and total crude fiber contents all varied significantly among the sorghum landraces (p < 0.05). Using a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids were detected in all the sorghum landraces, and their content significantly varied (p < 0.05). Furthermore, four 3-deoxyanthocyanidins (luteolinidin, apigeninidin, 5-methoxyluteolinidin, and 7-methoxyapigeninidin) and two flavonoids (luteolin and apigenin) were detected in most of the landraces using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and their concentrations also significantly varied. Statistical analyses supported by multivariate tools demonstrated that seed color variation had a significant effect on TPC, TTC, DPPH• and ABTS•+ scavenging activities, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power, with yellow landraces having the highest and white landraces having the lowest values. Seed color variation also had a significant effect on dietary fiber, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and luteolin contents. In contrast, all nutritional components and fatty acids except total protein and oleic acid were significantly affected by origin, while most 3-deoxyanthocyanidins and flavonoids were unaffected by both origin and seed color differences. This is the first study to report the effect of origin on sorghum seed metabolites and antioxidant activities, laying the groundwork for future studies. Moreover, this study identified superior landraces that could be good sources of health-promoting metabolites.

Exploring the potentials of sorghum genotypes: a comprehensive study on nutritional qualities, functional metabolites, and antioxidant capacities.

Introduction: Sorghum, long regarded as one of the most underutilized crops, has received attention in recent years. As a result, conducting multidisciplinary studies on the potential and health benefits of sorghum resources is vital if they are to be fully exploited. In this study, the nutritional contents, functional metabolites, and antioxidant capacities of 23 sorghum breeding lines and three popular cultivars were assessed. Materials and method: All of the sorghum genotypes were grown under the same conditions, and mature seeds were hand-harvested. The metabolite contents and antioxidant capacities of sorghum seeds were assessed using standard protocols. Fatty acids were quantified using a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector, whereas flavonoids and 3-deoxyanthocyanidins were analyzed using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. The data were analyzed using both univariate and multivariate statistical approaches. Results and discussion: Total protein (9.05-14.61%), total fat (2.99-6.91%), crude fiber (0.71-2.62%), dietary fiber (6.72-16.27%), total phenolic (0.92-10.38 mg GAE/g), and total tannin (0.68-434.22 mg CE/g) contents varied significantly across the sorghum genotypes (p < 0.05). Antioxidant capacity, measured using three assays, also differed significantly. Five fatty acids, including palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids, were found in all the sorghum genotypes with statistically different contents (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the majority of the sorghum genotypes contained four 3-deoxyanthocyanidins, including luteolinidin, apigeninidin, 5-methoxyluteolinidin, and 7-methoxyapigeninidin, as well as two dominant flavonoids, luteolin and apigenin. Compared to the cultivars, some breeding lines had significantly high levels of metabolites and antioxidant activities. On the other hand, statistical analysis showed that total tannin, total phenolic, and antioxidant capacities varied significantly across white, yellow, and orange genotypes. Principal component analysis was used to differentiate the sorghum genotypes based on seed color and antioxidant index levels. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed strong links between biosynthetically related metabolites and those with synergistic antioxidant properties. Conclusion: This research demonstrated the diversity of the sorghum resources investigated. Those genotypes with high levels of nutritional components, functional metabolites, and antioxidant activities could be used for consumption and breeding programs.

Variability of Anthocyanin Concentrations, Total Metabolite Contents and Antioxidant Activities in Adzuki Bean Cultivars.

In this study, adzuki bean cultivars including Arari, Chilbopat, Geomguseul, and Hongeon were recently cultivated, and the concentrations of seven individual anthocyanins were determined in their seed coats for the first time. Moreover, the variations of total saponin content (TSC), total phenolic content (TPC), 1,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) between defatted and undefatted extracts of whole seeds, seed coats, and dehulled seeds of each were analyzed. The anthocyanins were detected only in the black seed-coated cultivars and delphinidin-3-O-glucoside was dominant in both Geomguseul (12.46 mg/g) and Chilbopat (10.88 mg/g) followed by delphinidin-3-O-galactoside. TSC and TPC were in the ranges of 16.20−944.78 mg DE/g and 0.80−57.35 mg GAE/g, respectively, and each decreased in the order of seed coats > whole seeds > dehulled seeds regardless of extract type. The antioxidant activities also showed similar patterns of variation. Geomguseul seed coats outweighed the remaining cultivars in terms of TPC and FRAP activity (p < 0.05). Generally, significant variations of metabolite contents and antioxidant activities were observed between cultivars and across their seed parts (p < 0.05). Thence, black seed-coated adzuki beans could be excellent sources of anthocyanins and antioxidants.

Origin and seed coat color differently affect the concentrations of metabolites and antioxidant activities in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) seeds.

In this study, 54 soybean germplasms of different seed coat colors originated from America, China, Japan, and Korea were cultivated in Korea and analyzed for the contents of total oil, total protein, total phenolic, five fatty acids, and five isoflavones, and antioxidant activities using three assays. The soybeans showed significant variations (p < 0.05) of metabolite contents and antioxidant activities. Origin and seed coat color exhibited a slight or insignificant effect on total protein and total oil contents. In contrast, origin and seed coat color significantly affected the concentration of individual and total isoflavones, and total phenolics, with few exceptions. Whereas fatty acids were significantly affected by origin, seed coat color provided better information regarding the variations in antioxidant capacities. Together, multivariate and correlation analyses revealed important associations between biosynthetically-related metabolites. In general, origin and seed coat color differently influenced the concentration of different classes of metabolites and antioxidant activities.

Phylogeography and Antioxidant Activity of Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.).

Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) or broomcorn millet is among the most important food crops to be domesticated by humans; it is widely distributed in America, Europe, and Asia. In this study, we genotyped 578 accessions of P. miliaceum using 37 single-sequence repeat (SSR) markers, to study the genetic diversity and population structure of each accession. We also investigated total phenolic content (TPC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and performed association analysis using SSR markers. The results showed that genetic diversity and genetic distance were related to geographic location and the fixation index (Fst). Population structure analysis divided the population into three subpopulations. Based on 3 subpopulations, the population is divided into six clusters in consideration of geographical distribution characteristics and agronomic traits. Based on the genetic diversity, population structure, pairwise Fst, and gene flow analyses, we described the topological structure of the six proso millet subpopulations, and the geographic distribution and migration of each cluster. Comparison of the published cluster (cluster 1) with unique germplasms in Japan and South Korea suggested Turkey as a possible secondary center of origin and domestication (cluster 3) for the cluster. We also discovered a cluster domesticated in Nepal (cluster 6) that is adapted to high-latitude and high-altitude cultivation conditions. Differences in phenotypic characteristics, such as TPC, were observed between the clusters. The association analysis showed that TPC was associated with SSR-31, which explained 7.1% of the total variance, respectively. The development of markers associated with TPC and SOD will provide breeders with new tools to improve the quality of proso millet through marker-assisted selection.

Metabolite Contents and Antioxidant Activities of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Seeds of Different Seed Coat Colors.

Seed coat color is one of the main agronomical traits that determine the chemical quality of soybean seeds and has been used as a parameter during cultivar development. In this study, seeds of yellow (n = 10), greenish-yellow (n = 5), and light-yellow (n = 4) soybean accessions were evaluated for their contents of total protein, total oil, total phenolic (TPC), and five prominent fatty acids including palmitic acid (PA), stearic acid (SA), oleic acid (OA), linoleic acid (LA), and linolenic acid (LLA), relative to a control cultivar, and the effect of seed coat color on each was investigated. Antioxidant activity was also evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The results showed significant variations of metabolite contents and antioxidant activities between the soybeans. The average TPC, DPPH-radical scavenging activity, and FRAP were each in the order of greenish-yellow > yellow > light-yellow soybeans. In contrast, light-yellow soybeans contained a high level of OA and low levels of SA, LA, and LLA, each except LA differing significantly from yellow and greenish-yellow soybeans (p < 0.05). Our findings suggest that greenish-yellow and light-yellow soybeans could be good sources of antioxidants and high-quality soybean oil, respectively.

Interspecific variation of seed morphological and micro-morphological traits in the genus Vicia (Fabaceae).

Seed macro- and micro-morphology were analyzed to evaluate their capacity to discriminate species in the genus Vicia (Fabaceae). To assess the interspecific variation of the taxa in the genus Vicia, 41 accessions were obtained from the USDA-ARS germplasm collection in the USA and 19 accessions were collected from Korea. Seed morphological characteristics such as shape, color, mottling, finish, length, width, diameter, hilum shape, hilum color, hilum length, and lens distance from the hilum were examined under a stereomicroscope. Testa texture characteristics such as testa pattern, papillae type, density, height, ribbing, surface deposits, and peaks topped with wax were examined under scanning electron microscopy. Various gross-morphological traits of seeds of Vicia species have been analyzed and compared. The present study revealed significant variation in testa traits. Testa were papillose and papillose with mounds, the latter being observed only in Vicia lathyroides. The present study revealed 20 key traits that could be used to diagnose Vicia species and classify them.

Isoflavones, anthocyanins, phenolic content, and antioxidant activities of black soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) as affected by seed weight.

Seed weight is regulated by several genes which in turn could affect the metabolite contents, yield, and quality of soybean seeds. Due to these, seed weight is receiving much attention in soybean breeding. In this study, seeds of 24 black soybean varieties and a reference genotype were grown in Korea, and grouped as small (< 13 g), medium (13-24 g), and large (> 24 g) seeds based on their seed weight. The contents of six anthocyanins, twelve isoflavones, and total phenolic, and the antioxidant activities were determined, and the association of each with seed weight was analyzed. The total anthocyanin (TAC) and total isoflavone (TIC) contents were in the ranges of 189.461-2633.454 mg/100 g and 2.110-5.777 mg/g, respectively and were significantly different among the black soybean varieties. By comparison, the average TAC and TIC were the highest in large seeds than in small and medium seeds while the total phenolic content (TPC) was in the order of small seeds > large seeds > medium seeds. Besides, large seeds showed the maximum 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging activity, whereas small seeds showed the maximum ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical (ABTS) scavenging activities. FRAP activity was positively associated with TIC and TAC, the former association being significant. On the other hand, ABTS and DPPH activities were positively correlated to TPC, the later association being significant. Overall, our findings demonstrated the influence of seed weight on anthocyanin, isoflavone, and phenolic contents and antioxidant activities in black soybeans. Besides, the dominant anthocyanins and isoflavones were the principal contributors to the variations observed in the black soybean varieties, and hence, these components could be selectively targeted to discriminate a large population of black soybean genetic resources.

Genotyping-by-Sequencing Derived Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Provide the First Well-Resolved Phylogeny for the Genus Triticum (Poaceae).

Wheat (Triticum spp.) has been an important staple food crop for mankind since the beginning of agriculture. The genus Triticum L. is composed of diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid species, majority of which have not yet been discriminated clearly, and hence their phylogeny and classification remain unresolved. Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) is an easy and affordable method that allows us to generate genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. In this study, we used GBS to obtain SNPs covering all seven chromosomes from 283 accessions of Triticum-related genera. After filtering low-quality and redundant SNPs based on haplotype information, the GBS assay provided 14,188 high-quality SNPs that were distributed across the A (71%), B (26%), and D (2.4%) genomes. Cluster analysis and discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) allowed us to distinguish six distinct groups that matched well with Triticum species complexity. We constructed a Bayesian phylogenetic tree using 14,188 SNPs, in which 17 Triticum species and subspecies were discriminated. Dendrogram analysis revealed that the polyploid wheat species could be divided into groups according to the presence of A, B, D, and G genomes with strong nodal support and provided new insight into the evolution of spelt wheat. A total of 2,692 species-specific SNPs were identified to discriminate the common (T. aestivum) and durum (T. turgidum) wheat cultivar and landraces. In principal component analysis grouping, the two wheat species formed individual clusters and the SNPs were able to distinguish up to nine groups of 10 subspecies. This study demonstrated that GBS-derived SNPs could be used efficiently in genebank management to classify Triticum species and subspecies that are very difficult to distinguish by their morphological characters.

Rubidium analysis as a possible approach for discriminating between Korean and Chinese perilla seeds distributed in Korea.

The aim of this study was to discriminate between Korean and Chinese perilla seeds by using inorganic elemental analysis data combined with orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Inorganic element content data were obtained from 29 Korean and 11 Chinese perilla seed samples distributed in Korea. Using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, 11 species of inorganic elements were detected in the perilla seed samples and eight of them were quantified. The Rb content was selected as the variable to best discriminate between Korean and Chinese perilla seeds using an S-plot generated from OPLS-DA. An accurate range for the Rb content was determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. The Rb content is remarkably higher in Chinese perilla seeds (8.7-19.0 mg/kg) than in Korean perilla seeds (0.0-7.6 mg/kg), thereby suggesting that Rb analysis may be an appropriate approach to discriminate Chinese perilla seeds from Korean perilla seeds.

Genetic Diversity Assessed by Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS) in Watermelon Germplasm.

Watermelon is an economically important vegetable fruit worldwide. The objective of this study was to conduct a genetic diversity of 68 watermelon accessions using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Genotyping by sequencing (GBS) was used to discover SNPs and assess genetic diversity and population structure using STRUCTURE and discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) in watermelon accessions. Two groups of watermelons were used: 1) highly utilized 41 watermelon accessions at the National Agrobiodiversity Center (NAC) at the Rural Development Administration in South Korea; and 2) 27 Korean commercial watermelons. Results revealed the presence of four clusters within the populations differentiated principally based on seed companies. In addition, there was higher genetic differentiation among commercial watermelons of each company. It is hypothesized that the results obtained from this study would contribute towards the expansion of this crop as well as providing data about genetic diversity, which would be useful for the preservation of genetic resources or for future breeding programs.

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of wild oat, Avena sterilis L. (Poaceae) and its phylogeny.

Wild oat, Avena sterilis L. is a stout broad-leaved annual grass resembling cultivated oats in general appearance. In this study, we sequenced the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of A. sterilis for the first time to investigate their phylogenetic relationship in the family Poaceae. The complete cp genome sequence is 135,887 bp in length with 38.5% overall GC content and exhibits a typical quadripartite structure comprising one pair of inverted repeats (21,603 bp) separated by a small single-copy region (12,575 bp) and a large single-copy region (80,106). The cp genome encodes 111 unique genes, 76 of which are protein-coding genes, four rRNA genes, 30 tRNA genes, and 18 duplicated genes in the inverted repeat region. The phylogenetic analysis indicated A. sterilis closely clustered with the cultivated oat, A. sativa L.

The complete chloroplast genome sequences of little millet (Panicum sumatrense Roth ex Roem. and Schult.) (Poaceae).

Little millet, Panicum sumatrense Roth ex Roem. & Schult., is an important cultivated species under the tribe Paniceae, sub-family Panicoideae and family Poaceae. In this study, for the first time we sequenced the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of P. sumatrense to investigate their phylogenetic relationship in the family Poaceae. The complete cp genome sequence of P. sumatrense is 139,384 bp in length with 38.6% overall GC content and exhibits a typical quadripartite structure comprising one pair of inverted repeats (22,723 bp) separated by a small single-copy region (12,583 bp) and a large single-copy region (81,355 bp). The P. sumatrense cp genome encodes 125 unique genes, which include 91 protein-coding genes, 4 rRNA genes, 30 tRNA genes, and 20 genes were duplicated in the inverted repeat region. This newly determined cp genome (P. sumatrense) could be valuable information for the breeding programs of this cereal crops in the family Poaceae.