ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIM: We investigated the effect of topical application of Brazilian propolis on scratching behavior induced by compound 48/80 in mice. RESULTS: Propolis inhibited compound 48/80-induced scratching behavior when applied immediately after treatment with propolis at a dose of 3 mg/site. Dibucaine 0.3 mg/site also significantly inhibited compound 48/80-induced scratching behavior immediately after application. On the other hand, propolis inhibited compound 48/80-induced scratching behavior even 15, 30 and 60 min after application; however, dibucaine showed no significant inhibition of compound 48/80-induced scratching behavior 15, 30 and 60 min after application. In addition, propolis had no effect on increased vascular permeability just after application, but the drug had a significant effect 15, 30 and 60 min after application. On the contrary, histamine-induced scratching behavior was inhibited significantly by propolis just after application. On the other hand, propolis significantly inhibited histamine release from rat mast cells induced by compound 48/80 at a concentration of more than 10 microg/ml. CONCLUSION: From these results, it can be concluded that inhibition of scratching behavior induced by topical application occurred by both its local anesthetic and systemic action through inhibition of histamine release.
Subject(s)
Antipruritics/therapeutic use , Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Propolis/therapeutic use , Pruritus/drug therapy , Administration, Cutaneous , Animals , Antipruritics/administration & dosage , Antipruritics/pharmacology , Brazil , Capillary Permeability/drug effects , Capillary Permeability/immunology , Disease Models, Animal , Female , Histamine Release/drug effects , Mast Cells/drug effects , Mast Cells/immunology , Mice , Mice, Inbred ICR , Propolis/administration & dosage , Propolis/pharmacology , Pruritus/immunology , Pruritus/physiopathology , Skin/blood supply , Skin/drug effects , Skin/immunology , p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamineABSTRACT
We studied the effect of Brazilian propolis on sneezing and nasal rubbing in experimental allergic rhinitis of mice. A single administration of propolis caused no significant effect on both antigen-induced nasal rubbing and sneezing at a dose of 1000 mg/kg, but a significant inhibition was observed after repeated administration for 2 weeks at this dose. Propolis caused no significant inhibitory effect on the production of total IgE level after repeated administration of 1000 mg/kg. The drug also caused no significant inhibition of histamine-induced nasal rubbing and sneezing at a dose of 1000 mg/kg. On the other hand, propolis significantly inhibited histamine release from rat mast cells induced by antigen and compound 48/80 at a concentration of more than 10 microg/ml. These results clearly demonstrated that propolis may be effective in the relief of symptoms of allergic rhinitis through inhibition of histamine release.
Subject(s)
Allergens/administration & dosage , Nose/drug effects , Nose/immunology , Propolis/therapeutic use , Pruritus/prevention & control , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/prevention & control , Sneezing/drug effects , Allergens/immunology , Animals , Brazil , Histamine/administration & dosage , Histamine/immunology , Immunoglobulin E/biosynthesis , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Propolis/pharmacology , Pruritus/immunology , Rats , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/immunology , Sneezing/immunologyABSTRACT
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the involvement of chemical mediators, other than histamine, in the scratching behavior induced by H(3) antagonists. Scratching behavior was induced by the histamine H(3) antagonists iodophenpropit and clobenpropit (10 nmol/site) when they were injected intradermally into the rostral part of the back of mast-cell-deficient (WBB6F1 W/W(v)) and wild-type (WBB6F1 +/+) mice. Subsequently, the effect of spantide, a tachykinin NK(1) antagonist, was measured for 60 min. The effects of the H(3) antagonists on in vitro histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells were also investigated. When spantide was injected intradermally at a dose of 0.5 nmol/site, it significantly inhibited the response. Furthermore, iodophenpropit and clobenpropit (10(-6)-10(-8) M) did not induce histamine release in isolated rat peritoneal mast cells. Our results indicate that substance P is involved in the skin responses elicited by the histamine H(3) antagonists. Moreover, the fact that these histamine H(3) antagonists did not induce significant increases in the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells suggests that the histamine H(3) receptor may not be present in the peripheral cells considered in this study.
Subject(s)
Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Histamine Antagonists/pharmacology , Pruritus/chemically induced , Receptors, Histamine H3/drug effects , Substance P/analogs & derivatives , Amphetamines/pharmacology , Animals , Imidazoles/pharmacology , Isothiuronium/analogs & derivatives , Isothiuronium/pharmacology , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Mice, Knockout , Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists , Pruritus/prevention & control , Receptors, Histamine H1/deficiency , Receptors, Histamine H1/genetics , Substance P/pharmacologyABSTRACT
The effect of caffeic acid on scratching behavior and vascular permeability changes induced by compound 48/80 in ICR mice were investigated. An oral dose of 500 mg/kg of caffeic acid significantly inhibited scratching behavior and vascular permeability induced by compound 48/80. The inhibitory effects of daily administration of lower doses of caffeic acid, 100 and 200 mg/kg, were also investigated; and it was found that 200 mg/kg significantly inhibited compound 48/80-induced scratching behavior after the second week of consecutive administration. The effect of 200 mg/kg of caffeic acid on scratching behavior was observed up to the third week of the treatment. The decrease in histamine content induced by compound 48/80 was significantly antagonized by 200 mg/kg. The findings suggest that caffeic acid may be effective for treating itch and edema in allergic dermatitis.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Caffeic Acids/pharmacology , Hypersensitivity/prevention & control , p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine/antagonists & inhibitors , p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine/pharmacology , Animals , Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Capillary Permeability/drug effects , Female , Histamine Release/drug effects , Mice , Mice, Inbred ICR , Oxidants/metabolism , Regional Blood Flow/drug effects , Skin/blood supply , Skin/drug effects , Skin/metabolism , Superoxides/metabolismABSTRACT
We studied the effect of Lo Han Kuo (Siraitia grosvenori Swingle) on histamine-induced nasal rubbing and compound 48/80-induced skin scratching behavior in ICR mice. An extract and glycoside (a complex of sweet components) of Lo Han Kuo were used in the study. Both the extract and glycoside caused no significant effect on nasal rubbing or scratching behavior, even at a dose of 1000 mg/kg when administered in a single dose. However, the effect of Lo Han Kuo became clear after repeated administration, and 300 and 1000 mg/kg of both extract and glycoside significantly inhibited nasal rubbing and skin scratching behavior after consecutive treatment for 4 weeks. Both the extract and glycoside inhibited the histamine release induced by compound 48/80 at concentrations of 300 and 1000 microg/ml. From these results, it is assumed that the inhibition of nasal rubbing and skin scratching behavior induced by Lo Han Kuo occurs through a mast cell-dependent mechanism.
Subject(s)
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use , Nose/drug effects , Pruritus/drug therapy , Animals , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , Female , Fruit , Histamine/toxicity , Histamine Release/drug effects , Histamine Release/physiology , Mast Cells/drug effects , Mast Cells/metabolism , Mice , Mice, Inbred ICR , Nasal Mucosa/metabolism , Pruritus/chemically induced , RatsABSTRACT
We studied the effect of Brazilian propolis on scratching behavior induced by compound 48/80 and histamine in ICR mice. Propolis granular A.P.C dose-related inhibited scratching behavior induced by compound 48/80 and significant inhibition were observed at 1000 mg/kg. However, histamine-induced scratching behavior was not inhibited by propolis granular A.P.C even at 1000 mg/kg. Propolis ethanol extract at 10 microg/ml or more inhibited histamine release from rat mast cells induced by compound 48/80. In addition, it blocked increased vascular permeability induced by compound 48/80. The inhibitory effect of propolis on scratching behavior induced by compound 48/80 was gradually enhanced by repeated administration, and 500 mg/kg propolis granular A.P.C, which caused no effect through single administration, significantly inhibited scratching behavior after repeated administration for 4 weeks. From these findings, it is assumed that the inhibition of scratching behavior induced by propolis occurs through a mast cell-dependent mechanism.
