ABSTRACT
Direct intraosseous injection of fibrosing agent is widely used in the treatment of aneurysmal bone cysts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the consequences of fibrosing agent penetrating the medulla of bones. This may be the case when, by mistake, the fibrosing agent is administered into the medulla or when the wall of the cyst ruptures and fibrosing agent is able to drift into the medulla. Twelve rabbits were injected transcutaneously with a fibrosing agent directly into the proximal metaphysis of the tibia. Prior to injection 0.5 ml of liquid-like, bloody, intraosseal tissue was aspirated, then 0.5 ml of fibrosing agent was administered. Fibrosing agent was introduced slowly (20 s) to avoid overpressure. Nine rabbits (75%) died within minutes after the introduction of fibrosing agent. A full body roentgenogram was taken of each rabbit and the animals that died underwent autopsy to find the exact cause of death. Roentgenograms of the chest showed massive multiple pulmonary emboli confirmed in all lethal cases by the autopsy. This animal model was created to draw attention to the dangers of any leakage of the fibrosing agent into the medulla of bones.
Subject(s)
Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal/drug therapy , Diatrizoate/adverse effects , Fatty Acids/adverse effects , Propylene Glycols/adverse effects , Pulmonary Embolism/chemically induced , Sclerosing Solutions/adverse effects , Zein/adverse effects , Animals , Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal/diagnostic imaging , Diatrizoate/administration & dosage , Disease Models, Animal , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Combinations , Fatty Acids/administration & dosage , Propylene Glycols/administration & dosage , Rabbits , Radiography , Sclerosing Solutions/administration & dosage , Zein/administration & dosageABSTRACT
The response of the muscle is critical in determining the functional outcome of limb lengthening. We hypothesised that muscle response would vary with age and therefore studied the response of the muscles during tibial lengthening in ten young and ten mature rabbits. A bromodeoxyuridine technique was used to identify the dividing cells. The young rabbits demonstrated a significantly greater proliferative response to the distraction stimulus than the mature ones. This was particularly pronounced at the myotendinous junction, but was also evident within the muscle belly. Younger muscle adapted better to lengthening, suggesting that in patients in whom a large degree of muscle lengthening is required it may be beneficial to carry out this procedure when they are young, in order to achieve the optimal functional result.
