Establishment of Facial Nerve Injury Rat Model for Idiopathic Facial Paralysis Research.

Idiopathic facial paralysis is the most common type of facial nerve injury, accounting for approximately 70% of peripheral facial paralysis cases. This disease can not only lead to a change in facial expression but also greatly impact the psychology of patients. In severe cases, it can affect the normal work and life of patients. Therefore, the research on facial nerve injury repair has important clinical significance. In order to study the mechanism of this disease, it is necessary to carry out relevant animal experiments, among which the most important task is to establish an animal model with the same pathogenesis as human disease. The compression of the facial nerve within the petrous bone, especially the nerve trunk at the junction of the distal end of the internal auditory canal and the labyrinthine segment, is the pathogenesis of idiopathic facial paralysis. In order to simulate this common disease, a compression injury model of the main extracranial segment of the facial nerve was established in this study. The neurological damage was evaluated by behavioral, neuroelectrophysiological, and histological examination. Finally, 50 g constant force and 90 s clamp injury were selected as the injury parameters to construct a stable idiopathic facial paralysis model.

Analysis of clinical application of biomedical materials in stomatology / 医疗卫生装备

Three kinds of biomedical materials of stomatology were introduced,including metal materials,polymers and non-metal bio composites.The literatures related to stomatology biomedical materials from 2008 to 2015 were collected in PubMed medical literature retrieval service system,and then statistical method was used to analyze the literature number,the numbers of literatures on different materials as well as the nations distribution.Composite,intelligent and functional materials were pointed out to be taking the place of metal materials,and thus might extend their clinical application in the future.

[Calcitonin gene-related peptide-induced osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells through Hippo pathway in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have clarified that calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) can promote the biologi- cal activity of osteoblasts. To further reveal the role of CGRP in bone repair, we studied its influence on osteogenic differentia- tion of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and initially explored the effect of the Hippo signaling pathway with this process. METHODS: BMSCs were induced to osteogenic differentiate osteoblasts by different concentrations of CGRP for a screening of the optimal concentration. CGRP was added in BMSCs, then the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the number of mineralized nodules were examined by specific ALP kits after 48 hours and alizarin red staining fluid after 7 days, respectively. The protein expression of p-Mst1/2 was measured by Western blot. Verteporfin was used to block the downstream Yap signaling. The mRNA expression of collagen type I (Col I) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Compared to the blank group, different concentrations of CGRP (10⁻9, 10⁻8, 10⁻7 mol · L⁻¹), especially 10⁻8 mol · L⁻¹, significantly increased the ALP activity of BMSCs (P < 0.05). Alizarin red staining also showed more mineralized nodules in 10⁻8 mol · L⁻¹ group. The expression of p-Mst1/2 increased in the CGRP group (P < 0.05). Verteporfin treatment effectively decreased the mRNA expression of Runx2 and Col I (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The Hippo signaling pathway plays a role in CGRP-induced osteogenic differentiation in mouse BMSCs.

[Calcitonin gene-related peptide inhibits the expression of Nod-like receptor protein 3 to Dromote osteoblast differentiation in mouse osteoblasts in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the regulatory effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) and interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) to promote osteoblast differentiation. METHODS: Different concentrations of CGRP (0, 10, 30, 100 ng · mL⁻¹) were added to mouse osteoblasts in vitro. The mRNA and protein expression levels of both NLRP3 and IL-1ß were examined using Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. Moreover, the concentrations of IL-1ß protein and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The osteogenic differentiation of mouse osteoblasts was identified through alizarin red staining. RESULTS: The protein and mRNA expression levels of both NLRP3 and IL-1ß significantly decreased (P < 0.05) with increasing CGRP concentration. Moreover, the contents of intracellular ROS gradually decreased (P<0.05). The osteogenic differentiation of the osteoblasts was more enhanced in the group treated with 100 ng · mL⁻¹ CGRP than in the empty group (0 ng · mL⁻¹ CGRP). CONCLUSION: CGRP promotes osteoblast differentiation by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors.

Delayed Facial Palsy After Microvascular Decompression for Hemifacial Spasm.

The purpose of this article is to study the etiology, treatment, and prognosis of delayed facial palsy (DFP) after microvascular decompression (MVD) for the hemifacial spasm. Between January 2012 and January 2014, 562 patients who underwent MVD for hemifacial spasm at our institution were retrospectively studied. Among 562 patients, 34 patients developed DFP after MVD with an incidence of 6%. The duration of palsy was 15 to 136 days (average 51.2 days). There was statistical relevance between preoperative duration of the course, the facial nerve for indentation, and the incidence of delayed facial paralysis. All the symptoms of facial paralysis were obviously improved. DFP is not an unusual complication after MVD, and prognosis is fairly good.

Calcitonin gene-related peptide inhibits the expression of Nod-like receptor protein 3 to Dromote osteoblast differentiation in mouse osteoblasts in vitro / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aims to investigate the regulatory effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) to promote osteoblast differentiation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Different concentrations of CGRP (0, 10, 30, 100 ng · mL⁻¹) were added to mouse osteoblasts in vitro. The mRNA and protein expression levels of both NLRP3 and IL-1β were examined using Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. Moreover, the concentrations of IL-1β protein and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The osteogenic differentiation of mouse osteoblasts was identified through alizarin red staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The protein and mRNA expression levels of both NLRP3 and IL-1β significantly decreased (P < 0.05) with increasing CGRP concentration. Moreover, the contents of intracellular ROS gradually decreased (P<0.05). The osteogenic differentiation of the osteoblasts was more enhanced in the group treated with 100 ng · mL⁻¹ CGRP than in the empty group (0 ng · mL⁻¹ CGRP).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CGRP promotes osteoblast differentiation by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors.</p>

Calcitonin gene-related peptide-induced osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells through Hippo pathway in vitro / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Previous studies have clarified that calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) can promote the biologi- cal activity of osteoblasts. To further reveal the role of CGRP in bone repair, we studied its influence on osteogenic differentia- tion of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and initially explored the effect of the Hippo signaling pathway with this process.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>BMSCs were induced to osteogenic differentiate osteoblasts by different concentrations of CGRP for a screening of the optimal concentration. CGRP was added in BMSCs, then the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the number of mineralized nodules were examined by specific ALP kits after 48 hours and alizarin red staining fluid after 7 days, respectively. The protein expression of p-Mst1/2 was measured by Western blot. Verteporfin was used to block the downstream Yap signaling. The mRNA expression of collagen type I (Col I) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared to the blank group, different concentrations of CGRP (10⁻⁹, 10⁻⁸, 10⁻⁷ mol · L⁻¹), especially 10⁻⁸ mol · L⁻¹, significantly increased the ALP activity of BMSCs (P < 0.05). Alizarin red staining also showed more mineralized nodules in 10⁻⁸ mol · L⁻¹ group. The expression of p-Mst1/2 increased in the CGRP group (P < 0.05). Verteporfin treatment effectively decreased the mRNA expression of Runx2 and Col I (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The Hippo signaling pathway plays a role in CGRP-induced osteogenic differentiation in mouse BMSCs.</p>

Effects of cancer stem cell surface marker CD44 in gastric cancer invasion and lymph node metastasis / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Tumor stem cels not only initiate tumorigenesis, but also are involved in the invasion and metastasis of tumor cels. For tumor stem cels, to identify the specific cel surface marker has become a research hotspot. OBJECTIVE:To explore the clinical significance of cancer stem cel surface marker CD44 in gastric cancer invasion and lymph node metastasis. METHODS: CD44 protein expression in specimens of gastric cancer tissue was detected by the immunohistochemical SABC method. The relationship between CD44 protein expression and biological characteristics and prognosis of gastric cancer was detected using Pearsonχ2 test and Cox regression analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Among 100 cases of gastric carcinoma, 59 cases (59%) were positive for CD44 protein expression. CD44 protein expression in normal gastric mucosa at above 5 cm from the edge of primary gastric cancer was negative. CD44 protein was widely expressed in tissues of gastric cancer, mainly expressed in the cel membrane, and a smal amount of expression in the cytoplasm. CD44 protein expression in gastric cancer tissue was not correlated with sex of the patients or age (P > 0.05), but was associated with tumor staging and lymph duct tissue infiltration, histological grade, and tumor size (P < 0.05). Deep tumor invasion, high histological grade, big diameter of tumor, and lymph node metastasis could lead to high positive CD44 protein expression. Positive expression of CD44 is an independent prognostic factor affecting postoperative survival (P < 0.05). The results show that the cancer stem cel surface markers CD44 in gastric carcinoma tissues is strongly associated with invasion of gastric carcinoma and lymph node metastasis. High expression of CD44 presents poor prognosis.

Clinical analysis on hyponatremia in acute craniocerebral injury / 中华创伤杂志

Objecfive To explore pathological mechanism and treatment of central hyponatrem-ia. Methods Synchronous assay was made to detect changes of atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP),brain natriuretic peptide(BNP),endogenous digitalis-like substance(EDLS),antideuretic hormone (ADH),Na+ concentrations in blood and urine as well as osmotic pressure of plasma and urine in 68 pa-tients with traumatic brain injury(TBI). Results Of all,there were 27 patients with hyponatremia,mostly in patients with severe or critical TBI.There found syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidi-uretic hormone(SIADH)in 7 patients and cerebral salt wasting syndrome(CSWS)in 20. Conclu-sions The central hyponatremia in patients with TBI may be related to the increased secretion of EDLS and ADH.The decrease of ANP and BNP in blood has no direct effect on Na+ concentration in blood.In-travenous injection of extrinsic thyrotropin releasing hormone(TRH)may inhibit dilutional hyponatremia resulted from increased secretion of ADH in TBI patients.

Neurotization of oculomotor, trochlear and abducent nerves in skull base surgery / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To anatomically reconstruct the oculomotor nerve, trochlear nerve, and abducent nerve by skull base surgery.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventeen cranial nerves (three oculomotor nerves, eight trochlear nerves and six abducent nerves) were injured and anatomically reconstructed in thirteen skull base operations during a period from 1994 to 2000. Repair techniques included end-to-end neurosuture or fibrin glue adhesion, graft neurosuture or fibrin glue adhesion. The relationships between repair techniques and functional recovery and the related factors were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Functional recovery began from 3 to 8 months after surgery. During a follow-up period of 4 months to 6 years, complete recovery of function was observed in 6 trochlear nerves (75%) and 4 abducent nerves (67%), while partial functional recovery was observed in the other cranial nerves including 2 trochlear nerves, 2 abducent nerves, and 3 oculomotor nerves.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Complete or partial functional recovery could be expected after anatomical neurotization of an injured oculomotor, trochlear or abducent nerve. Our study demonstrated that, in terms of functional recovery, trochlear and abducent nerves are more responsive than oculomotor nerves, and that end-to-end reconstruction is more efficient than graft reconstruction. These results encourage us to perform reconstruction for a separated cranial nerve as often as possible during skull base surgery.</p>