USING THE SENSORY INTEGRATION TECHNIQUE FOR PEOPLE WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS DURING TRAINING AT THE CLIMBING SECTION.

OBJECTIVE: Aim: To analyze the practical application of the sensory integration technique for individuals with autism spectrum disorder at a climbing section, and to investigate the impact of physical activity on improving their proprioceptive and vestibular systems. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The method of included participant observation at the climbing classes with constant recording the behavior (desirable and undesirable) was used. The sensory screening (developed by J. Ayres) was applied for recording and determining the sensory systems of the people with ASD before the start of training and again after a month. The scale of Sensory Integration and Praxis Tests (SIPT) was used for assessing certain aspects of participants' sensory processing or perception according to the goals set during the climbing classes. RESULTS: Results: The results of the research showed that the application of the sensory integration technique for individuals with ACD at a climbing section promoted the dynamics of changes in their sensory system during training considering the characteristics of their sensory system. The positive changes were observed in the way the people with ACD felt about their own bodies and their involvement in sports activities that in its turn made it possible to be active and develop their sensory system. It has been identified that while planning training for the people with ASD it is necessary to take into account sensory modulation (reading sensory signals) and apply exercises for stimulating sensory sensations that will improve the motor activity of persons with ASD, their social interaction, and safety, as well. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: During training at the climbing section sensory information processing of the individuals with ASD have the impact on their body control, hand-eye coordination, and hand sensitivity during training. The improvement of sensory information processing in its turn enables people with ASD to master climbing.

ACTIVITY-BASED COSTING: A PRACTICAL MODEL OF COST CALCULATION IN PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITALS.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: This paper is an analytical and descriptive study of the use of the Activity Based Costing (ABC) system in mental healthcare institutions for the allo¬cation of overhead costs of auxiliary units that provide non-medical services. The realistic estimates obtained using this costing system will help improve the allocation of resources, especially in the conditions of increased number of patients, and to control overhead costs, ensuring the reduction of non-productive expenses, increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of the mental health and psychosocial support institution. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The study describes and uses ABC as a system and method for calculating inpatient care costs in 2022. The cost of medical services will be calculated as the sum of direct and overhead costs. Overhead costs into inpatient care consist of medical support units overhead costs and non-medical support units overhead costs. Overhead costs in non-medical support units were allocated to the cost of services within the cost centers:hospital departments that specialize in the treatment of specific mental health conditions. Expert opinion regarding the alignment of the cost allocation base with the factors identified for the allocation of each group of overhead costs in the mental health and psychosocial support facility was taken into account . RESULTS: Results: Calculations showed the impracticality of using a single tariff for psychiatric care medical services for adults and children in inpatient conditions, since there are cost centers, namely, clinical departments of health care institutions, which consume a larger amount of resources. In particular, these are the departments providing the treatment of psychotic disorders caused by taking psychoactive substances, as well as schizophrenic, organic disorders, including symptomatic, mental disorders). Accordingly, the tariff for such medical services should be higher. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: ABC is applicable in mental health care institutions and can help to efficiently cost processes, and thereby overcome a key challenge: to overesti¬mation or underestimation of costs into a medical services. Cost assignment through ABC generated more accurate cost estimates, which suggests that model of cost calculation ABC is more able to address complexity in mental health care institutions. ABC should be gradually incorporated into an estimated approach to costing leads, to progressively bring reliable cost-accounting practices to mental health care institutions.

ETHICS OF PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES OF SOCIAL WORKERS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH: THE AMERICAN EXPERIENCE.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Coverage of the American experience of successful application of professional ethics of social workers in the field of health to solve complex ethical dilemmas in the activity of a social worker. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The methodological basis of the study was the use of an axiological approach in identifying the values and ethics of the professional activity of social workers, a competence approach in determining the competence of a social work specialist in the field of health in matters of professional ethics, an interdisciplinary approach in integrating the ethical competence of a social work specialist in the practice of solving ethical dilemmas in the field of health, including in the process of work of an interdisciplinary team of specialists. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The content and specifics of the practical application of the Code of Professional Ethics of the National Association of Social Workers of the USA in social work in the field of health were studied. It was determined that many situations in the practice of social work do not have simple answers when solving complex ethical issues in the field of health. Social workers, in addition to the values, principles and standards of the Code, in making decisions about professional actions in the field of health, must take into account their own beliefs and those of the client. The mechanism for the adjustment of difficult ethical choice cases in the practice of a social worker in the field of health is described.

COVID-19 PANDEMIC LIFESTYLE: STUDENTS MENTAL HEALTH CHALLENGES.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To determine how quarantine restrictions affect the lifestyle of Ukrainian students, and their mental health. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: 37 student essays were submitted to the university contest held at Lviv Polytechnic University in May-June 2020. They were analyzed with the help of qualitative thematic analysis and standard qualitative analysis method. Essays are focused on a list of issues important for assessing the social well-being of students during quarantine. Each fragment of essay's answer was coded into the data matrix system according to either multiple or single themes, built in the statements. The thematic analysis identified several categories that determine students' attitude to the pandemic situation and its consequences for them. RESULTS: Results: It is determined that students' lifestyle, including study and leisure, has changed significantly, which has affected their mental health. Learning online provoked a number of emotional disorders. At the same time, the desire for communication in person and self-improvement increased. «Quarantine lessons¼ were divided into categories: challenges, threats and opportunities. Threats and challenges were considered at the global level, while opportunities affected rather the personal level. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Mental health of students disorders: anxiety, restlessness, fear, self-doubt, feelings of loneliness, panic, sleep disturbances, and increased fatigue indicate the negative effects of the pandemic. At the same time, recording such facts as the feeling of satisfaction from communication with loved ones, the ability to help them, the desire for self-improvement, etc. allows to say about the positive effects.

SOCIAL WORKERS'ACTIVITIES IN THE FIELD OF POPULATION' MENTAL HEALTH PRESERVATION IN THE XXI CENTURY.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Social work is focused on overcoming inequality and social isolation of individuals and communities due to health conditions. Therefore, substantiating the activities of social workers to preserve mental health of citizens is an important component of the new strategy for the development of the profession in the XXI century. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The methodological basis of the study is a holistic approach to the interpretation of individual health in the unity of physical, mental, social, and spiritual components; ecosystemic approach assumes the impact of the environment on the social functioning of the individual; interdisciplinary approach identifies ways of dealing withmental health challengein the global context; social inclusion approach provides a basis for the practice of experts of the social spherein the XXI century. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The article substantiates the need for social workers to maintain the mental health of the population under the negative impact of global factors within their own countries and internationally. The evolution analysis of the international experience of transformations of social work practice in the area of mental health preservation is carried out. Preserving the mental health of citizens under the negative effects of globalization processes depends on the concerted actions of states, international organizations, civil society, communities, and individuals themselves. This encourages social workers to work at regional and international levels with institutions interested in fair policies and practices in social and health services.