ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The abused child syndrome is related to a variety of emotional disorders, among which are the "post-traumatic stress syndrome" and the phenomena "re-experience," which is related to disturbances of the normal sleep-wake cycle. OBJECTIVE: To determine the polysomnographic characteristics of the abused child syndrome and compare them with paired healthy children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: After two-night habituation, all-night video-digital polygraphic recordings following recommendations of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology were performed in 15 abused child syndrome and 15 healthy controls. RESULTS: In the abused child syndrome patients, the main sleep changes were decreased sleep efficiency, decreased sleep onset sleep latency, increased wakefulness, decreased REM sleep and total sleep time. CONCLUSIONS: The abused child syndrome have abnormal sleep patterns, independent of the type of abuse, age or sex. Sleep alterations are a new characteristic of the abused child syndrome, not previously described.
Subject(s)
Child Abuse , Sleep Wake Disorders/etiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Polysomnography , Sleep Wake Disorders/diagnosisABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To review the actual concepts concerning perioperative nerve injuries during surgical or anesthetic procedures. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A summary of published medical literature from Medline search files and published reviews. CONFLICT IF INTEREST: We have not conflicts of interest. RESULTS: Perioperative nerve injuries during surgical and anesthetic procedures of the lower extremities are the most common. Many possible etiologies have been proposed to explain perioperative nerve injury and include stretch, compression, and ischemia. Commonly this injuries are under recognition and an important aspect of perioperative nerve injuries is that they can occur for multiple reasons. It is necessary to have a good communication among surgeons, neurologists and clinical neurophysiologists, so it can lead to a more detailed neurological assessment with transoperative procedures that may prevent such injuries.
Subject(s)
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Surgical Procedures, Operative/adverse effects , Humans , Intraoperative Complications , Perioperative CareABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapy agent that has several adverse effects, such as ototoxicity. Evaluation of hearing loss due to cisplatin therapy in children is difficult. The purpose of this study was to compare the validity of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) with pure tone audiometry (PTA) in assessing hearing loss in children under cisplatin therapy. METHODS: We reviewed the files of 26 children aged between 2 and 15 years; 14 were girls. All were under treatment with cisplatin for malignancy. PTA and DPOAEs were obtained at the same session. Three subjects were studied twice; thus, there were 29 sets of studies. RESULTS: Determining a cut-off point at 45 dB HL for PTA and 4 dB SPL difference for DPOAEs, diagnostic specificity for the latter was 0.97 while sensitivity was 0.57. CONCLUSIONS: DPOAEs represent a highly valuable test for evaluating hearing loss due to cisplatin treatment. DPOAEs is a quick and objective hearing assessment method not requiring much cooperation from children.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Cisplatin/adverse effects , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/chemically induced , Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous , Adolescent , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
La actividad micromecánica y los movimientos electromotores de las células ciliadas externas generan potenciales eléctricos susceptibles de medición y análisis que reciben el nombre de emisiones otoacústicas. Este método permite una estimación de la función del órgano periférico de la audición para evaluar diferentes patologías auditivas. Por la facilidad y rapidez de uso constituyen una herramienta útil en el diagnóstico, principalmente en recién nacidos. Se hace una revisión sobre este tema
