[Effects of dalargin on some parameters of peroxidation of liver lipids in experimental animals]. / Vliianie dalargina na nekotorye pokazateli perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov pecheni v éksperimente.

The cholestasis and pancreatitis model was studied experimentally in 144 white rats. The influence of intraperitoneal injections of dalargin on the level of lipid peroxidation and on xanthine oxidase activity of the liver tissues in periods of 1, 3 and 5 hours was investigated. During that period the activity of hepato-specific enzymes in the liver tissues and serum were investigated. The reduction of xanthine oxidase activity in all the periods after injection of dalargin was discovered, the level of malonic dialdehyde was reduced by 43.8% 3 hours later. Simultaneously, the increase of the level of histidase in liver tissues was discovered (on 104.3% and 56.3% after 3 and 5 hours accordingly) and later the tendency to decrease the activity in serum was observed.

[Clinico-morphological changes in a burn wound after electric stimulation with pulsatile current]. / Dinamika kliniko-morfologicheskikh izmenenii v ozhogovoi rane pri élektrostimuliatsii impul'snym tokom.

The healing of sluggishly postburn wounds after local electrostimulation (ES) with the use of current-conducting carbon tissue as the electrode was studied in 12 patients. Analysis of the clinical data which were corroborated by the results of morphological and biochemical studies confirmed the marked stimulating effect of local ES which facilitates successful taking of dermal autografts and healing of burn wounds. The obtained data are evidence that the method of ES through a current-conducting carbon tissue is promising in the complex of measures for local treatment of burn wounds.

[Use of dalargin in complex anesthesiological protection during operations on the abdominal organs]. / Primenenie dalargina v komplekse anesteziologicheskoi zashchity pri operatsiiakh na organakh briushnoi polosti.

The authors analyse experience in the use of the synthetic analogue of ++leu enkephalin dalargin in multicomponent balanced anesthesia in operations on the abdominal organs in 36 patients. With the use of the suggested method the intraoperative expenditure of narcotic analgesics is 6 times less but the efficacy of the anesthesia remains the same. Study of the activity of the liver-specific enzymes (histidase and urokinase) in blood plasma and biopsy material taken from the liver and the content of malonic dialdehyde in the hepatic biopsy specimen revealed hepatoprotective properties of dalargin. The decrease of the total peripheral resistance and increase of the elasticity of the arterial reservoir++ in the main group as compared to these values in patients treated by the traditional method were considered by the authors to be the consequence of the autonomic priming effect of the opiopeptide used. It is concluded that the use of synthetic analogues of endogenous opioids (dalargin) in the anesthesiological protection complex in operations on the abdominal organs is expedient.

[The antioxidant action of dalargin on the liver in experimental acute cholestasis]. / Antioksidantnoe deistvie dalargina na pechen' v usloviiakh ostrogo kholestaza v éksperimente.

Experiments were conducted on 182 rats with acute cholestasis to study the effect of intra-abdominal dalargin injection (10 mcg/kg) with the serotonin antagonist ketanserine (150 mg/kg) on xanthine oxidase (XO) activity and level of lipid peroxidation in the hepatic tissue and on the activity of the hepatospecific enzymes histidase and urokaninase in hepatic tissue and blood serum 1, 3, and 5 hours after the injection. Dalargin reduced XO activity by 32-37% in different periods after the injection, dalargin in combination with ketanserine--by 37-48%. Dalargin reduced the level of lipid peroxidation by 29-35%, and when combined with ketanserine--by 37-49%. The administration of dalargin reveals a distinct tendency towards reduction of the release of the hepatospecific enzymes histidase and urokanase into the blood and increase of their activity in the hepatic tissue. Dalargin with ketanserine produces a similar effect but of a higher degree. These data allow us to speak of the hepatoprotective effect of dalargin, which is potentiated by its injection together with ketanserine. It was found that dalargin (50 mcg/kg, intraperitoneally) increases the leu-enkephalin content in the hepatic tissue more than 3.5 fold one hour after injection.

[The antinociceptive properties of dalargin as an agent of anesthesiologic protection]. / Izuchenie antinotsitseptivnykh svoistv dalargina v kachestve sredstva anesteziologicheskoi zashchity.

The antinociceptive properties of dalargin (D) under nembutal anesthesia and artificial ventilation were studied in hemodynamic response to mechanical algesic stimulation in rats. D was introduced i/v (20 micrograms/kg) against a background of myoplegia with Arduan (0.1 mg/kg) and without it. The naloxon (100 micrograms/kg) prevented the protective effects of D. It is considered that injection of D (20 micrograms/kg) on the background of total myoplegia and artificial ventilation prevented hemodynamic response on algesic stimulus. Subsequent dose increase of opium peptide up to 3500 micrograms/kg does not cause amplification of protective properties.

[Study of xanthine oxidase activity in the brain tissue after administration of dalargin during myoplegia]. / Izuchenie aktivnosti ksantinoksidazy v tkani golovnogo mozga pri vvedenii dalargina na fone mioplegii.

Effect of Dalargin (40 micrograms/kg) on xanthine-oxidase (X) activity in experimental Arduan-induced myoplegia (0.1 mg/kg) was studied in the brain tissue of 70 rats under inhalation anesthesia and artificial ventilation. Neither Dalargin nor Arduan was found separately to induce statistically significant changes in X activity. Dalargin injections in myoplegia caused significant (24.7%) reduction of the enzyme's activity.

[The possibility of predicting the antinociceptive effect of dalargin in the preoperative period]. / Vozmozhnost' prognozirovaniia antinotsitseptivnogo éffekta dalargina vpredoperatsionnom periode.

The antinociceptive effect of dalargin was studied by its influence on the amplitude of somatosensory induced potentials (IP) and by changes in the threshold pain sensitivity to heat stimulation. It was shown that it was necessary to taken into account the patients' individual sensitivity to the drug. The influence of dalargin on IP in the pre-operative period was compared with the quality of its analgetic defence in surgical interventions. The defence quality was determined according to the reduction in the consumption of the narcotic analgesic phentanyl during anesthesia. The studied parameters were found to be directly related to the correlation coefficient 0.75 (p less than 0.05). The findings allow for a reliable prediction of the antinociceptive effect of dalargin in its application in anaesthesiological practice.

[A new method of general anesthesia in pulmonary surgery using dalargin instead of narcotic analgesics]. / Novyi sposob obshchei anestezii pri operatsiiakh na legkikh s primeneniem dalargina vmesto narkoticheskikh anal'getikov.

Intraoperative and early postoperative parameters of the central hemodynamics, oxygen transport function and acid-base status of the blood, and blood lactic and pyruvic acid levels in patients under general anesthesia with dalargin were compared to those under traditional neuroleptic analgesia. The comparative evaluation allowed for a conclusion that general anaesthesia with dalargin provides for a reliable anesthesiological defence and exerts a lower deteriorating effect on the vessels of pulmonary circulation than traditional neuroleptic analgesia.

[Dalargin--a basic means of intraoperative protection of a patient during correction of an atrial septal defect under conditions of artificial circulation: a new method of anesthesia]. / Dalargin--osnovnoe sredstvo intraoperatsionnoi zashchity bol'nogo pri korrektsii defekta mezhpredserdnoi peregorodki v usloviiakh iskusstvennogo krovoobrashcheniia: novyi metod anestezii.

The paper presents results of application of the Soviet synthetic neuropeptide Dalargin as a major agent of anesthesiologic protection in the correction of a secondary atrial septal defect under general artificial circulation. From the findings obtained from examinations of central and peripheral hemodynamic parameters and blood oxygen transport function it was concluded that the anesthesiological protection was adequate at all the stages of an operation. The authors also give data on the optimization of the afterload of the right ventricle and preload of the left ventricle under anesthesia in which dalargin was used by directly affecting the elasticity of pulmonary vessels. The nature of changes in the ventilation-perfusion relationships, in the postoperative period, in particular, also enables the author to recommend the preferable employment of the described method for anesthesia while correcting this type of heart disease.

[Dalargin in the prevention of acute postoperative pancreatitis]. / Dalargin v profilaktike ostrogo posleoperatsionnogo pankreatita.

In the experiment on 200 rats with acute pancreatitis, it was revealed that in administration of dalargin at a dose of 10 mg/kg of the mass, the activity of xanthinoxidase and lipid peroxidation in the pancreas was suppressed, at the same time, the activity of trypsin, amylase and transamidinase in the blood serum decreased. In 48 patients, who underwent the intravenous administration of dalargin at a dose of 50 mg/kg at operation on the pancreas and after it, the incidence of acute postoperative pancreatitis development decreased 4.16-fold when compared to the use of protease inhibitors, and 2.4-fold when compared to the use of fluorouracil.

[Experimental study of the hepatoprotective effect of transcranial transcutaneous electrostimulation and the synthetic analog of leu-enkephalin dalargin]. / Izuchenie v éksperimente gepatoprotektornogo deistviia transkranial'noi chreskozhnoi élektrostimuliatsii i sinteticheskogoanaloga lei-enkefalina dalargina.

Results obtained from the study of mechanisms of hepatoprotective effect of transcranial transcutaneous electrostimulation are cited (TTES). In experiments on cholestase and pancreatitis models in rats we studied hepatospecific enzymes i.e. histidase and urokininanse in blood and liver and membrane-linked enzyme 5'-nucleotidase in the liver tissue. We made three series of experiments: 1 - TTES + valium, 2 - synthetis hexapeptide (SH) - leuenkephaline analog; 3 - TTES + valium + SH. Results obtained from experiments showed that mechanisms of TTES hepatoprotective action are in part conditioned by endogenous opiopeptides mobilization which produced membranestabilizing effect on the hepatocyte. We concluded that in patients with hepatic pathology it was reasonable to combine the electroanesthesia with SH.