ABSTRACT
Congenital unilateral absence of orbit is a very rare clinical entity. An 18 month old female child with an unilateral absence of orbit with clinical anophthalmos and partial arhinia is presented. X-ray of the skull revealed an absence of the bony orbit on the left side. Unlike previously described cases of absence of the orbit, this maldevelopment is unilateral and present in an otherwise normal thriving child.
Subject(s)
Abnormalities, Multiple , Anophthalmos , Nose/abnormalities , Orbit/abnormalities , Female , Humans , InfantABSTRACT
Congenital corneal anesthesia (CCA) is a rare clinical entity that presents a whole gamut of problems before lending itself to a diagnosis by the clinician. Not recognizing the history of self-inflicted corneal injuries, not evaluating the corneal sensations in a child with recurrent corneal ulceration, misdiagnosis of such cases as viral keratitis, and not ruling out all the secondary causes of corneal anesthesia, as well as the other causes of self-inflicted injuries, are some of the pitfalls in the diagnosis of congenital corneal anesthesia. Four cases representative of different aspects of CCA are presented. The problems in the diagnosis of these cases are discussed. A clinical classification of congenital corneal anesthesia is suggested and the systemic anomalies associated with this disorder are enumerated.
Subject(s)
Corneal Diseases/etiology , Pain Insensitivity, Congenital/diagnosis , Abnormalities, Multiple , Child, Preschool , Corneal Diseases/diagnosis , Corneal Injuries , Corneal Ulcer/etiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Pain Insensitivity, Congenital/etiology , Self Mutilation/complicationsABSTRACT
A study of ocular changes in reactions in leprosy was undertaken to assign these changes, their proper place in the wide spectrum of ocular morbidity in leprosy. 76.1% of eyes of Type I reaction and 89.7% of eyes with Type II reaction showed some ocular involvement. Corneal hypoaesthesia, superficial punctate keratitis, a decrease of corneal film break up time (BUT), prominent corneal nerves, pigment on the endothelium of the cornea and a pigmented trabecular meshwork were the common ocular findings. The incidence of iridocyclitis in Type II reactions was low (8.1%). The significance of the ocular involvement in reactions in leprosy and the pathogenesis of iridocyclitis in Type II reactions is discussed.
Subject(s)
Eye Diseases/etiology , Leprosy, Borderline/complications , Leprosy, Lepromatous/complications , Adolescent , Adult , Erythema Nodosum/etiology , Female , Humans , Hypersensitivity, Delayed/etiology , Male , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Lenses, Intraocular , Retinal Detachment/complications , Adult , Cohort Studies , Female , Humans , India , MaleABSTRACT
A total of 424 leprosy patients were screened for uveal involvement. Uveal changes were found in 11.2% of these patients. Uveal involvement was more common in patients with greater duration of the disease and in patients on irregular Dapsone therapy. Of the patients with uveal involvement 82% were lepromatous, 16% were borderline and 2% were of tuberculoid leprosy. Uveal changes in form of active iridocyclitis (21.3%), healed iridocyclitis (58.5%), iris atrophy (10.6%), iris pearls (7.4%), small irregular pupil (46.7%), pupil refractory to dilatation (56.3%) were seen. Posterior segment involvement was rare. Lepromatous and borderline leprosy patients with no clinical evidence of uveal involvement had decreased power of accommodation as compared to normal subjects.
