ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Tobacco smoking is one of the most important preventable risk factors for noncommunicable diseases. It has been seen that medical students have a higher frequency of smoking compared to the general population. This study aims to determine the prevalence of smoking among third-year medical students in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Nepal. METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the hospital's third-year undergraduate medical students over a four-month period (October 2019 to January 2020). Ethical clearance was received from the Institutional Review Committee of Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital. The whole sampling technique was used to collect data. The Global Health Professional Students Survey questionnaire was used to collect data. Data analysis was done in the statistical package for social sciences. RESULTS: The prevalence of current smoking among selected medical students of Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital is 34 (30.1%), majority male 26 (23%). Fifty-six (49.4%) of them had ever smoked cigarettes in their life, and 27 (23.9%) had their first cigarette in late adolescence. The number of students who used other forms of tobacco was comparatively lower i.e. 6 (5.3%). Many of the students 53 (46.9%) were exposed to second-hand smoke both at home and in public, while 18(15.9) exposed only at public places, and 6 (5.3%) only at home. CONCLUSIONS: Our study has concluded that there is a notable prevalence of smoking among the participants. This points to the need for specific training sessions in their clinical years about smoking cessation for themselves and regarding counseling for patients.
Subject(s)
Hospitals, Teaching/statistics & numerical data , Students, Medical , Tertiary Healthcare/statistics & numerical data , Tobacco Smoking/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Nepal/epidemiology , Prevalence , Students, Medical/statistics & numerical data , Surveys and Questionnaires , Tobacco Use Cessation , Young AdultABSTRACT
Hepatitis A virus infection is typically an acute self-limiting illness associated with general nonspecific symptoms such as fever, malaise, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain or discomfort, and diarrhea. This may have atypical manifestation like prolonged cholestasis. Despite having varying typical and atypical manifestations such a case may present with life-threatening bleeding from a co-existing surgical cause such as perforation of Meckel's diverticulum.
Subject(s)
Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/surgery , Hepatitis A/diagnosis , Meckel Diverticulum , Acute Disease , Child , Diagnosis, Differential , Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation/diagnosis , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Hepatitis A/complications , Humans , Intestinal Perforation/diagnosis , Intestinal Perforation/etiology , Intestinal Perforation/surgery , Male , Meckel Diverticulum/complications , Meckel Diverticulum/diagnosis , Meckel Diverticulum/surgery , Rupture, Spontaneous , Ulcer/diagnosis , Ulcer/etiology , Ulcer/surgeryABSTRACT
A 4-year-old girl who presented with pain in the abdomen, subcutaneous nodule, fever and was later diagnosed with Takayasu arteritis . Oral corticosteroid and methotrexate were started. Childhood TA should be kept in differential diagnosis when presented with subcutaneous nodules and increased acute phase reactants.
Subject(s)
Skin Neoplasms , Takayasu Arteritis , Child , Child, Preschool , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Methotrexate/therapeutic use , Takayasu Arteritis/complications , Takayasu Arteritis/diagnosis , Takayasu Arteritis/drug therapyABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Depression is one of the major problems encountered by medical students. This may cause a negative effect on cognitive functioning and learning of students resulting in poor health care and service delivery in future. The presence of this major problem is necessary to be evaluated. Enough recent data regarding its prevalence is not available in our country. Thus, the main aim of this study is to find the prevalence of depression among medical students of a tertiary care teaching hospital. METHODS: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study which was conducted among undergraduate medical students of a tertiary teaching hospital over a four-month period (July to October 2019). Ethical clearance was received from the Institutional Review Committee of the same tertiary teaching hospital. Random sampling technique was used to collect data to meet the calculated sample size. Data analysis was done in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. RESULTS: The prevalence of depression among selected medical students of Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital is 59 (27.2%) at 95% Confidence Interval (21.28-33.12%). Thirty (14%) of the participants were mildly depressed, 21 (10%) moderately depressed while 8 (4%) were severely depressed according to Beck's Depression Index II. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of depression among medical students is relatively significant as found in similar studies done in other centres. Thus appropriate programs and strategies should be implemented to avoid depression from causing a negative effect on cognitive functioning and learning of students. Favourable environment where students are able to talk about their mental health issues is a must.
Subject(s)
Depressive Disorder/epidemiology , Students, Medical/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Depressive Disorder/psychology , Female , Hospitals, Teaching , Humans , Male , Nepal/epidemiology , Prevalence , Severity of Illness Index , Sex Distribution , Students, Medical/psychology , Tertiary Care Centers , Young AdultABSTRACT
The thoracic kidney is the rarest form of an ectopic kidney that usually present on the left thorax and twice more common in males. No case has been reported from Nepal and very few cases are reported worldwide. We report a 24 years-old female with right thoracic kidney with Bochdalek hernia diagnosed incidentally. We have included clinico-radiological and surgical findings of the case with a review of the literature. Keywords: Bochdalek hernia; ectopic kidney; thoracic kidney.
